Dosage Forms

Front 1

suppositories

Back 1

solid dosage forms containing medicinal agents intended for insertion into rectum, vaginal cavity or urethral tract

Front 2

factors affecting drug absorption from rectal suppositories

Back 2

1. anorectal physiology
2. solubility of drug
3. particle size and concentration of drug
4. physiochemical properties of base

Front 3

physiochemical properties of base

Back 3

-melting point
-solubility
-chemical reactivity
-polymorphism

Front 4

properties of ideal suppository base

Back 4

1. melts at rectal temp 37.5 C
2. nontoxic and nonirritating to sensitive and inflamed tissues
3. physically stable and compatible with variety of drugs
4. convenient to handle by patient and doesn't break or melt
5. doesn't leak from rectum
6. stable on storage, doesn't change color, odor and drug release pattern

Front 5

classification of suppository bases

Back 5

1. oleaginous
2. water soluble
3. water dispersible

Front 6

oleaginous

Back 6

cocoa butter (theobroma oil) or cocoa butter substitutes

Front 7

water soluble

Back 7

-glycerinated gelatin
-polyethylene glycol mixtures

Front 8

water dispersible

Back 8

-polyethylene-glycol derivatives
-cocoa butter substituted with surfactants

Front 9

4 methods to manufacture suppositories

Back 9

1. hand molding
2. compression molding
3. pour molding
4. automatic molding

Front 10

hand molding

Back 10

-oldest and simplest method of making suppositories
-drug+base triturated and kneaded
-plastic mass formed is rolled into cylinder on ointment slab with kelp of steel-blade spatula
-divided into equal segments with sharp blade depending on number of suppositories to be prepared

Front 11

compression molding

Back 11

simple and results in more elegant appearance than hand molding; too slow for large-scale operations

Front 12

pour molding

Back 12

-most common used method
-material is melting on steam bath
-active ingredients added to molted mass
-mass is poured into cooled metal molds

Front 13

automatic molding

Back 13

-pouring, cooling removal from mold can be performed by rotary automatic molding machines

Front 14

advantages of disposable molds

Back 14

1. costly molds and wrappying materials not required
2. mold shapes can be changes with less expense
3. costly and time consuming wrapping process with aging and precooling is eliminated

Front 15

testing of suppositories

Back 15

1. melting range test
2. liquification time test for rectal suppositories
3. breaking test
4. stability test