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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is a Bovine?
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Cattle
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A Mature Male called?
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A Bull
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What is a Mature Female called?
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A Cow
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What is a Newborn called?
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Calf
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What is a Young Male Called?
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A Bull
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What is a young female that has not given birth called?
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Hefier
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What is a casterated male called?
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A Stier
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What is the Normal contraction rate of the rumen?
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2-3 times per minute
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What type of restraint is this?
Holding the tail at a 90 degree angle towards the body & bouncing a little? |
Tail jack
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Type of Restraint:
Tying or securing the head to an immovable object w/a rope. |
Halter
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Type of Restraint:
blunt, pinching pressure applied to the nasal septum |
Nose Tongs
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Type of Restraint:
to hold one animal at a time with a mechanical means of entrapment |
Chute or Stock
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Type of Restraint:
"Chains" and "Metal Bands" placed over the calcaneal tendons |
Hobbles
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Type of Restraint:
Forcing the animal to the ground - usually with a rope |
Casting
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What is the housing situation for Beef?
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Usually kept in the pasture
Minimally Handled |
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What is the housing situation for Dairy cattle?
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Part in the barn/Part in the pasture
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Beef Reproduction:
1) How done? 2) When are calves born? 3) How long do calves stay with their mom? |
1) Natural breeding
2) Spring 3) until weaned |
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Dairy Cattle Reproduction:
1) How done? 2) When are calves born? 3) How long do calves stay with mom? |
1) Usually AI
2) Year Round 3) Nurse for 2-3 days - then receive milk replacer |
3) How long do they nurse for? What happens after that time frame?
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Zoonotic or not?
Shipping Fever |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Milk Fever (Hypocalcaemia) |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Anthrax |
Yes
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Zoonotic or not?
Johne's Disease |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjuncivitis (Pinkeye) |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Tuberculosis |
Yes
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Zoonotic or not?
Foot and Mouth Dz |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Hardware Dz (Traumatic reticulitis) |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Lumpy Jaw |
No
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What is hardware Dz?
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Sharp metal objects w/in the reticulum.
Usually nails/Barbwire Can puncture cranial wall of reticulum into chest & pericardium |
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How can you help prevent Hardware Dz?
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Magnet inside Rumen/Reticulum
Grazing area free of metal objects Check loose wire & nails on fences |
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Zoonotic or not?
Wooden Tongue |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Leptrospirosis |
Yes
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Zoonotic or Not?
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Laminitis |
No
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Zoonotic or not?
Brucellosis |
Yes
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Holstein
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Name
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Largest of Dairy Cows
Produce most milk per animal |
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Dairy
Jersey |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Smallest
Solid fawn color w/black mussel Milk = Highest fat content |
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Dairy
Guernsey |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Yellow & White Spotted
Slightly smaller than Holstein |
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Dairy
Brown Swiss |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Solid tan or light gray
Slightly smaller than Holstein |
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Dairy
Ayreshire |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Mahogany and white spotted
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Dairy
Milking Shorthorn |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Red Rhone and white spotted
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Dairy
Dutch Belted |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Black with white belt around stomach area
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Beef
Angus |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Shinny & Black
AKA Doddies Very Stalky Very Smooth Haircoat Polled |
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Beef
Brahman |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Grey w/dark face
Lose skin on dulap Large Hump at the withers known to be heat resistant |
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Beef
Beef Master |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Cross between Brahman/Shorthorn/Hereford
Solid red in color Horned |
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Beef
Brangus |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Cross between Brahman & Angus
Black Smooth Coat Loose hide (Seen in neck) Ears longer than most breeds |
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Beef
Charolais |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
White w/pink skin
Mussel is pink & hooves white Polled or horned (rancher choice) Very Large |
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Beef
Charolais |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
White w/pink skin
Mussel is pink & hooves white Polled or horned (rancher choice) Very Large |
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Beef
Limousin |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Red or Black
Body Very Long Polled (Generally) |
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Beef
Hereford |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Red
Thick wavy fure Brisket, belly, face, switch are white |
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Beef
Hereford |
Dairy or Beef?
Name |
Red
Thick wavy fure Brisket, belly, face, switch are white |
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Beef
Texas Longhorn |
Dairy or Beef
Name |
Large Horns
Many colors Very hardy & resiliant breed |
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Normal Temperature
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101.4 - 102.8
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Normal Pulse
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60 - 70 bpm
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Normal Respirations
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10 - 30 rpm
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What is the goal of Bovine reproduction?
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Breed at 1 year of age
First calf by 2 Have 1 calf every year |
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What is the Bovine Cycle?
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Polyestrus
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What is the length of Bovine estrus?
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21 days
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What are the four stages of estrus?
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Proestrus
Estrus Metestrus Diestrus |
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What is proestrus?
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Folical is forming on ovary
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What is estrus?
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"Heat"
Female will accept male Folical ruptures - releasing egg. |
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What is metestrus?
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Corpus luteum is forming
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What is Diestrus?
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corpus luteum is mature
uterus & cervix is flacid Hard to palapate |
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What are the signs of standing heat?
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1) Allows female cows to mount
2) Long string of mucus hanging from vulva 3) swollen vulva 4) bellowing 5) frequent urination |
there are 5 total
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What are the forms of breeding?
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AI
Natural |
there are 2
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Disadvantage of natural breeding
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Need to handle the bull
Less genetic selection |
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Advantage of natural breeding?
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Less management time is needed
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Advantage of AI?
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More genetic selection
Able to control VD No "dumb bull" to handle |
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Disadvantages of AI?
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Must be able to detect "heat"
Only trained personnel can perform AI |
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Causes of Dystocia
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Malposition
calf is too big mild fever |
there are 3
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what is dystocia?
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difficulty giving birth
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What is milk fever
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hypocalcemia
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What is creep feed?
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Mixture of molasses & grain
Used to help ween calf from mother |
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What are the four compartments of the rumen?
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Reticulum
Rumen Abomasum Omasum |
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What does the reticulum do?
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food first passed here
contents constantly mixed w/contents from Rumen "Cross Road" |
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What does the Rumen do?
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"Fermentation vessel"
Febre particles can remain here for 20-48 hrs. |
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What does the Omasum do?
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the "Third" Stomach
Holds about 10 liters Great absorbtion level |
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What does the Abomasum do?
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The "Forth" Stomach
Secrets strong acid & many digestive enzymes |
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What is the CMT test?
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California mastitis Test
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What does the CMT test do?
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Checks fro presence of PMN's in milk
Used to identify mastitis |
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What are the ways to give bovines oral meds?
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Balling gun
Dosing syringe stomach tube Esophageal feeders |
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Complete Diagram of cow
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How did you do?
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