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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does DNA stand for?
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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What is a gene?
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a segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein which turn codes for a trait
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When did genetic research begin?
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mid 1800's
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Who was the researcher who discovered "nuclein" in the nucleus of the cell?
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Friedrich (Fritz) Miescher
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In the early 1900's what did scientists theorize that passed on instructions instead of DNA?
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that it was important to how the cell functioned but was where the cells store the element phosphorous
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Who came up with the base-pairing rule that adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine?
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Erwin Chargoff
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Who discovered the helical (spiral) shape of the DNA molecule?
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Rosalind Franklin
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What two scientists officially established the structure of DNA?
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- James Watson
- Francis Crick |
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The DNA helix is actually made of repeating units called what?
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nuceotides
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Each nuceotide consists of three molecules. What are they?
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a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate which links the sugars together, and then one of the four bases
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A sequence of nitrogen bases determines the size and shape of this molecule?
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DNA
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Why is RNA necessary to act as messenger RNA? Why can't the code be taken directly from the DNA?
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the code can't betaken right away from the DNA because it's like a recipe
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Proteins are made where in the cell?
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exons
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How do some cells become brain cells and others become skin cells, when the DNA in ALL the cells are exactly the same. In othe rwords, if the instructions are exactly the same, how does one cell become a brain cell and another a skin cell?
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because there are some different cells
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