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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is DNA? |
Polynucleiotide |
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what is a polynucleiotide? |
lots of nucleotides joined together |
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what is a necleotide made from? |
pentose sugar phosphate group nitrogenous base |
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what is the pentose sugar? |
deoxyribose |
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what varies in a nucleotide? |
the base |
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name the 4 possible bases? |
adenine cytosine guanine thymine |
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what is a double helix? |
2 polynucleotide strands join together |
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what is a polynucleotide strand? |
dna nucleotides joined together |
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where do nucleotides bind to one another? |
between the phosphate and the sugar |
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what does the binding create? |
sugar phosphate backbone |
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what bonds are used? |
hydrogen |
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what is complementary base pairing? |
a base can only join with one partner |
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what binds with what? |
A with T G with C |
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what are genes? |
sections of DNA |
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where are genes found? |
chromosomes |
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what do genes code for? |
instructions to make proteins |
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what are proteins made from? |
amino acids |
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what do different proteins have? |
different number and order of amino acids |
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what determins the order of amino acids? |
the order of the bases |
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what codes an amino acid? |
sequence of 3 bases (codon) (triplet) |
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are amino acids just coded by one codon? |
no there could be many different ones |
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what are start/stop codons? |
triplets used to tell the cell when to start and stop
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what is DNA copied into? |
RNA |
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what is a RNA? |
single polynucleotide strand |
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what does RNA contain? |
ribose |
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what replaces thymine? |
uracil |
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describe the mRNA molecule? |
made in the nucleus three adjacent bases called a codon it carries the genetic code from the DNA to the cytoplasm |
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describe tRNA? |
found in the cytoplasm has an amino acid binding site on one end and a sequence of three bases at the other end called an ANTICODON carries amino acids that are used to make the proteins |
