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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dna helicase |
Separates Dna |
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Topoimerase |
Keeps dna from getting stressed during unwinding process |
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Single strand dna protein |
Keeps dna from rebinding |
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Direction Dna replicates |
5’-3’ |
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Primease |
Adds DNA primers for DNA polymerase to add to |
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Template strand |
Og strand |
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Complimentary strand |
New strand |
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Okazaki fragments |
Make up the bits of the lagging strand |
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Dna Pol 3 |
Adds nucleotides sling template strand to create complimentary strand |
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DNA Pol 1 |
Excises the RNA primers and replaces them with nucleotide bases |
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DNA ligase |
Joins complimentary fragments together |
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dATP |
Source of energy that allows formation of new bonds (attached to the back of carbon attached to nucleotide) |
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Telomeres |
Protects dna from shortening genes during dna replication |
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Telomerase |
Keeps eukaryotic chromosomes from getting shorter |
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Mismatch repair |
DNA polymerase proof reads as it goes along |
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Excision repair |
Chops out damaged dna and replaces it w/ a new one made from undamaged temple |
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Beadle and tatum |
Breadmold; mutated strain needed extra nutrients bcause it couldn’t make the necessary ones bcause of deformed proteins |
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mRNA |
Messenger RNA; carries codons to ribosomes |
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Transcription |
Copying of dna template to rna |
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Translation |
mRNA+tRNA+ribosomes=protein |
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RNA protein translation |
4 base pairs 16 couplets 64 triples |
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Codon |
3 based on the MRNA that code for an amino acid |
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The genetic code is redundant |
But not ambiguous |
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Start codon |
Aug |
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Stop codons |
UAA UAG UGA |
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ORF |
Open reading frame, stretch of bases uninterrupted by stop codons |
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Anatomy of mRNA |
Back (Definition) |
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RNA polymerase |
Synthesizes RNA |
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Initiation |
RNA pol binds to promoter RNA pol unwinds short bit of DNA to expose template strand RNA pol begins synthesis @5’ end |
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Elongation |
RNA pol adds complimentary nucleotides to 3’ end Transcription released as it’s made and dna immediately reforms |
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Elongation |
RNA pol adds complimentary nucleotides to 3’ end Transcription released as it’s made and dna immediately reforms |
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Termination |
Transcription stops at point of termination |
