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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did Mendel define genes? |
Factors passed from parents to progeny that determine the charactoristics of the progeny |
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What did Erwin Chargaff discover about DNA? |
That there were similar amounts of A&T and G&C in DNA so A must pair to T and G must pair to C |
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What did Rosalind Franklin discover about DNA? |
Took X-Ray diffraction picture of crystal of beta DNA Showed regular repeating structure with the same space between atoms |
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What did James Watson and Francis Crick discover about DNA? |
Regular repeating structure Helical structure 10 residues per turn Two strands per helicle molecule Structure determined by H bonding between base pairs |
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Are the DNA strands parallel or antiparallel? |
Antiparallel |
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Does DNA have a right handed or left handed turn? |
Right handed |
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How long is one turn of DNA? |
3.4nm |
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What is the diameter of the DNA helix? |
2nm |
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What do nucleases do? |
cleave the sugar phosphate backbone at defined points |
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What do ligases do? |
can form phosphodiester bonds between adjacent DNA molecules |
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What determines which end of DNA is 5' and 3'? |
5'= phosphate group on carbon 5 3'= hydroxyl group on carbon 3 |
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What are the three types of RNA? |
rRNA, tRNA, mRNA |
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What is the difference between RNA and DNA? |
bases in RNA are A,G,C,U (no T) sugar is ribose not deoxyribose RNA is single stranded RNA is more flexible |
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Is base pairing possible within RNA molecules? |
Yes- gives a complex 'hairpin' structure |
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Functions and roles of DNA in cells |
Chromosomal DNA storesgenetic information All cells need a full set of this genetic information |
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Which nucleotides have a double ring structure and which have a single ring? |
A&G have a double ring structure C&T have a single ring structure |
