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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RNA polymerase |
Enzyme that regulates RNA synthesis. |
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Codon |
Three-base codeing DNA or RNA |
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Transfer RNA |
Type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosome. |
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Double Helix |
Twisted ladder shape, formed by two strands of nucleotides twisted around each other. |
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Exon |
In RNA processing, the coding sequence that remains in the final mRNA. |
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Intron |
In RNA processing, the intervening coding sequence missing from the final mRNA |
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Mutation |
Permanent change in a cell's DNA, ranging from changes in a single base pair to deletions of large sections of chromosomes. |
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DNA Polymerase |
Enzyme that catalyzes synthesis of new molecules. |
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Gene Regulation |
Ability of an organism to control which gene are transcribed in response to the environment. |
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Mutagen |
Substance, such as a chemical, that causes mutations. |
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RNA |
Ribonucleic acid; guides protein synthesis. |
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Semiconservative Replication |
Method of DNA replication in which parental strands separate, act as templates, and produce molecules of DNA with one parental DNA strand an done new DNA strand. |
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Nucleosome |
Repeating subunit of chromatin fibers, consisting of DNA coiled around histones. |
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Messenger RNA |
Type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. |
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Transcription |
Process in which mRNA is synthesized from the template DNA. |
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Operon |
Section of DNA containing genes for proteins required for a specific metabolic pathway - Consists of operator, promoter, regulatory gene, and genes coding for proteins. |
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Translation |
Process in which mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled. |
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Okazaki Fragment |
Short segment of DNA synthesized discontinuously in small segments in the 3' to 5' direction by DNA polymerase. |
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Ribosomal RNA |
Type of RNA that associates with proteins to form ribosomes. |
