Diversity Of Life Test #3

Front 1

scientists that study fungi

Back 1

Mycologist

Front 2

an organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition

Back 2

Hetrotrophs

Front 3

plants that get their nutrients from dead and decaying matter

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Saprobes

Front 4

a tangle of tiny filaments that create the body of a fungi

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Hypha

Front 5

a asexually produced fungal spore

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Conidia

Front 6

found in the cell walls of fungal hyphae

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Chitin

Front 7

the compound that adds stiffness to the cell wall of plants

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Lignin

Front 8

the symbiotic association of the mycelium of the fungus with the roots of certain plants

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Mycorrihizae

Front 9

a special stalk or branch of the mycelium

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Conidiophore

Front 10

the larger body made from many intertwined hypha

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Mycelium

Front 11

runner-like modified hyphae

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Stolon

Front 12

root-like modified hyphae; anchors the mold

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Rhizoid

Front 13

a sac in ascomycetes in which the sexual spres are formed

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Ascus

Front 14

a reproduction process in which two organisms exchange nuclear material through a temporary area of fusion

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Conjugation

Front 15

the fruiting body of ascomycota

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Ascocarp

Front 16

one of the minute slits in the epidermis of leaves, stems, etc through which gages are exchanged

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Stomata

Front 17

highly specialized roots, stems, and leaves, and specialized vascular tissue that function like miniature tubes to conduct food, water, and nutrients throughout the plant

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Root-Shoot System

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the alternation in an organism's life cycle of dissimilar reproductive forms
(haploid gametophyte stage and a diploid sporophyte stage)

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Alternation of generations

Front 19

the gamete producing phase in a plant

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Gametophyte

Front 20

leaves that are specialized for reproduction and bear the sporangia at their bases

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Sporophylls

Front 21

a club shaped structure formed when the sporophylls branches out from a shortened stem

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Strobilus

Front 22

gametangium that produces sperm

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Antheridium

Front 23

the spore-producing phase in the life cycle of a plant

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Sporophyte

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a part or organ serving as a lid or cover over spores

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Operculum

Front 25

gametangium that produces eggs

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Archegonium

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tiny green threads that spores germinate into

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Protenema

Front 27

claimed that the creator has intentially created plants to look like the parts of the body they could be used to cure

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Doctrine of Signatures

Front 28

an umbrella-like structure that often protects the sorus

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Indusium

Front 29

early, edible stage of various ferns

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Fiddlehead

Front 30

long, twisted, moist cells that scatter spores

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Elaters

Front 31

spores germinate into this tiny heart-shaped autotrophic gametophyte

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Prothallus

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the envelope of an ovule

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Integument

Front 33

the larger of the two kinds of spores characteristically produced by seed plants and a few fern allies; develops into a female gametophyte

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Megaspore

Front 34

the slender tube that penetrates an ovule and releases the male gametes

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Pollen tube

Front 35

usually occcur in small bundles, each bundle emerges from a base that is actually a greatly truncated branch

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Needles

Front 36

the smaller of the two kinds of spores characteristically produced by seed plants and some fern allies; develops into a male gametophyte

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Microspore

Front 37

a cell in the xylem of vascular plants

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Tracheids

Front 38

a minute opening opening in the ovule of a seed plant through which the pollen tube usually enters

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Microphyle

Front 39

carpels evolved from leaves; chambers in pistil were probably formed from a sporophyll (had sporangia on outer edges)

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Foliar theory of the carpel

Front 40

one male nucleus fertilize the egg nucleus, the other fuses with two other embryo sac nuclei to form a 3N cell that develops into the stored food

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Double Fertilization

Front 41

stored food; the nutritive tissue within seeds of flowering plants

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Endosperm

Front 42

a leaf of the embryo of a seed plant

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Cotyledons

Front 43

two seed leaves

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Dicot

Front 44

a cresent-shaped scar where the ovules was attached to the wall of the ovary, in plants

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Hilum

Front 45

the walls of a ripened ovary or fruit

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Pericarp

Front 46

one seed leaf

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Monocot

Front 47

the female gametophyte in flowering plants

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Embryo sac

Front 48

the hard inner layer of the pericarp

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Endocarp

Front 49

formed by fused carpels

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Pistil

Front 50

the outermost layer of the fruit wall

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Exocarp

Front 51

the pollen-bearing organ of a flower.

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Stamen

Front 52

the stalk-like portion of a stamen

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Filament

Front 53

modified, ovule-bearing leaf that hold ovules

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Carpel

Front 54

ovule-bearing or seed-bearing female organ of a flower;

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Pistil

Front 55

the middle, usually fleshy layer of a fruit wall

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Mesocarp

Front 56

receives the pollen in a flower

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Stigma

Front 57

two seed leaves

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Dicot

Front 58

The stamen consists of what?

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Filament and Anther

Front 59

long, slender neck of the pistil

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Style

Front 60

the male gametophytes in flowering plants

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Pollen grains

Front 61

the outer protective covering of a seed

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Seed coat

Front 62

encased in an ovary and made up of an integument and megasporangium

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Ovules

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horizontal stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes

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Rhizomes

Front 64

the fertilized, mature ovule of a flowering plant

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Seed

Front 65

reproductive structures that are formed from 4 whorls of modified leaves

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Flower

Front 66

clusters of sporangia

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Sorus

Front 67

the slender tube that penetrates the ovule and releases the male gametes

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Pollen Tube

Front 68

what is Coevolution?

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occurs when an evolutionary change in one organism leads to an evolutionary change in another organism that interacts with it

Front 69

Division Zygomycota

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molds, Rhizopus (bread mold)

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Divison Basidiomycota

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club fungi - mushrooms, rusts, shelf fungi, etc

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Division Ascomycota

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sac fungi - yeasts, morels, truffels

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Division Lycophyta

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club mosses, quillworts

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Division Sphenophyta

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horsetails

Front 74

Division Ginkgophyta

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Ginkgo aka Ginkgo biloba aka maidenhair

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Division Bryophyta

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mosses

Front 76

Division Gnetophyta

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Gnetum, Ephedra, Welwitschia

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Division Hepaticophyta

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liverworts

Front 78

Division Basidiomycota

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club fungi - mushrooms, rusts, shelf fungi, etc

Front 79

Division Lycophyta

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club mosses, quillworts

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Division Sphenophyta

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horsetails

Front 81

Division Pterophyta

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true ferns

Front 82

Division Coniferophyta

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confiers: pines, firs, spruces, bald cypress

Front 83

Division Psilophyta

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whisk fern

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Division Cycadophyta

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cycads

Front 85

Division Deuteromycota

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fungi imperfecti
Penicillin

Front 86

Class Monocotyledonae

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monocots

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Class Dicotyledonal

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dicots

Front 88

Division Anthocerophyta

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hornworts

Front 89

Division Acrasiomycota

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cellular slime molds

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Division Myxomycota

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plasmodial slime molds

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Division Anthophyta

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flowering plants