Diversity Of Life Final Exam

Front 1

Population equilibrium among organisms and their environments resulting from continuous interaction and interdependency

Back 1

Balance of Nature

Front 2

Limiting factors that can act from outside the population (abiotic factors)

Back 2

Extrinsic Limiting Factors

Front 3

Limiting factors that can act from inside the population

Back 3

Intrinsic Limiting Factors

Front 4

Living, physical factors

Back 4

Biotic Limiting Factors

Front 5

Without life, physical factors

Back 5

Abiotic Limiting Factors

Front 6

Limiting factors can have the same effect regardless of how dense the population has become

Back 6

Density Independent Limiting Factor

Front 7

Limiting factors can act in proportion to how dense the population has become

Back 7

Density Dependent Limiting Factor

Front 8

Forces that disrupt a natural ecosystem

Back 8

Disturbance

Front 9

Occurs when two or more organisms use the same resource in a way that affects the birth rate or death rate of the competitors

Back 9

Competition

Front 10

Competition between members of the same species

Back 10

Intraspecific Competition

Front 11

The type of competition that exists betweeen members of different species

Back 11

Interspecific competition

Front 12

the ecological role that a species plays in a biological community; how you fit into things

Back 12

Niche

Front 13

Determines intensity of competition between individuals or species

Back 13

Niche overlap

Front 14

the natural environment of an organism

Back 14

Habitat

Front 15

It shows the full potential of species when there is no competition

Back 15

Fundamental Niche

Front 16

shows what a species can do in the presence of others

Back 16

Realized Niche

Front 17

Occurs when one species is a better competitor than another, and forces it into local extinction

Back 17

Competitive Exclusion

Front 18

To exist together peacefully in the same place or at the same time despite differences

Back 18

Coexistence

Front 19

Different species that move together

Back 19

Mixed Species Foraging Flock

Front 20

Different species use a different part of the resource if they live in the same area, habitat, or feed during the same time of day

Back 20

Resource Partioning

Front 21

Modify your physical shape through natural selection so species can coexist

Back 21

Character Displacement

Front 22

Exploit resources by using them up so there is nothing left for others

Back 22

Scramble Competition

Front 23

Engage in a face to face contest over limited resources

Back 23

Contest Competition

Front 24

Any area that an animal defends against other animals

Back 24

Territory

Front 25

The behavior of an animal in defining and defending its territory

Back 25

Territoriality

Front 26

Species that float from territory to territory looking to take an empty one over

Back 26

Floaters

Front 27

Any organism that eats another organism

Back 27

Predator

Front 28

The organism that is injured or killed and used for food

Back 28

Prey

Front 29

An organism that eats another by killing it and eating it

Back 29

True Predator

Front 30

Insects that lays their eggs in hosts, the young hatch and the host is eaten alive

Back 30

Parasitoid

Front 31

An animal that eats flesh

Back 31

Carnivore

Front 32

Prey upon plants

Back 32

Herbivore

Front 33

An organism that chases and then kills its prey

Back 33

Active Pursuit

Front 34

Lone predators

Back 34

Solo Pursuit

Front 35

A group of predators

Back 35

Pack Pursuit

Front 36

An organism that hides and waits for its prey to come to it

Back 36

Ambush Predator

Front 37

A bold, distinctive pattern of color characteristics of a poisonous or inedible organism used to warn off potential predators

Back 37

Warning Coloration

Front 38

Predetors evolve with their prey so to remain dominant

Back 38

Coevolution

Front 39

Theory suggests that when prey are numerous, the number of predators increaes, reducing the prey population, which in turn causes predator numbers to decline

Back 39

Predator/Prey Cycles

Front 40

A species that plays a critical role in the ecosystem and even if the species is a small part of the ecosystem, it keeps other species in check by keeping the number of that species at a stable level

Back 40

Keystone Predators

Front 41

Examines the ways in which behavior is adaptive, how behavior varies, and how it evolves

Back 41

Behavioral Ecology

Front 42

Bats that mainly eat flowers, fruit, nectar

Back 42

Megachiropterans

Front 43

Smaller bats that feed on insects, most of which are captured in flight

Back 43

Microchiropterans

Front 44

Ability of bats to hunt by sounds and to detect and locate objects by emitting high pitched sounds that reflect off objects and return to the ears of the animal

Back 44

Echolocation

Front 45

A special type of natural selection in which the sexes aquired distinct forms either because the members of one sex choose mates with particular features or because the competition for mates amoung members with those certain traits succeed

Back 45

Sexual Selection

Front 46

Male's appearance, his ability to thrive, suggest that he has good genes which will be passed on to his children

Back 46

Good Genes Model

Front 47

If the male can carry around huge tails or antlers and still avoid predators, feed himself, etc, he must be a great choice

Back 47

Handicap Model

Front 48

Females are simply making an aesthetic choice, like the way you look, posture, grooming, etc

Back 48

Aesthetic Preference Model

Front 49

Trait becomes reinforced generation after generation until it is greatly exaggerated, can be a dangerous burden

Back 49

Runaway Selection

Front 50

A pecking order established by fighting one another

Back 50

Dominance Hierarchy

Front 51

An order for getting mates

Back 51

Pecking Order

Front 52

Elaborate ritualized behaviors that include songs and dances

Back 52

Courtship Display

Front 53

The number of songs a male bird can sing and can be correlated to his reproductive success; the stock of skills

Back 53

Repertoire

Front 54

A curious courtship behavior in which the males offers something to a female to show that he is interested

Back 54

Tidbitting

Front 55

A courtship arena where birds compete by gathering together and performing for groups of females

Back 55

Leks

Front 56

A type of bird with many species

Back 56

Bowerbirds

Front 57

Little structures built to attract a female

Back 57

Bowers

Front 58

One male mate with several females

Back 58

Polygynous

Front 59

Males practice making structures because it takes several years before they can build a good enough bower to attract a mate

Back 59

Practice Bower

Front 60

Certain physical traits attract a mate and these traits become replaced by external objects, such as bower decoractions

Back 60

Transfer Effect

Front 61

When nature is out of whack, and if disturbances do not occur

Back 61

Non-equilibrium Theory