Diversity Of Eukaryotes 4: Protostomes

Front 1

The two groups of protostomes are

Back 1

(1) Lophotrochozoa
(2) Ecdysozoa

Front 2

Several key events triggered the diversification of protostomes, including:

Back 2

several lineages making the water-to-land transition, a diversification in appendages and mouth parts, and the evolution of metamorphosis

Front 3

Protostomes are ________ symmetric, ____blastic, coelomate animal.

Back 3

bilateraly, triplo

Front 4

The __ phyla of lophotrochozoans include molluscs, annelids, and flatworms.

Back 4

14

Front 5

lophotrochozoan was inspired by the presence of a feeding structure called a _______ and a type of larva called a ________.

Back 5

lophophore, trochophore

Front 6

Lophophore

Back 6

specialized structure that rings the mouth of these animals and functions in suspension feeding

Front 7

Trocophores

Back 7

type of larva common to several phyla of lophotrochozoa

Front 8

Ecdysozoan

Back 8

Ecdysozoans grow by molting - shedding of the soft cuticle or hard exoskeleton

Front 9

The Nematoda and Arthropoda are the most prominent of the seven ______ phyla.

Back 9

ecdysozoan

Front 10

Radical changes occurred in coelom formation as protostomes diversified. For example, platyhelminthes (flatworms) are _______, lacking a body cavity.

Back 10

acoelomate

Front 11

pseudocoelom arose independently in rotifers and ________.

Back 11

ecdysozoans

Front 12

The functions of the coelom

Back 12

-providing space for fluids to circulate among organs
-providing a hydrostatic skeleton for movement

(in arthropods and molluscs, other structures fulfill these functions)

Front 13

Arthropods are distinguished by their jointed limbs and an exoskeleton made of ____.

Back 13

chitin

Front 14

Arthropods have a spacious body cavity called the ______ that provides space for internal organs and circulation of fluids.

Back 14

hemocoel

Front 15

Three structures that characterize the molluscan body plan

Back 15

(1) foot
(2) visceral mass
(3) mantle

In molluscs, the coelom's functions are replaced by the visceral mass and the muscular foot

Front 16

Echiurans have a ______, an extended structure which forms a gutter leading to the mouth.

Back 16

proboscis

Front 17

______ have a toothed throat that can be turned inside out to grab prey and then retracted

Back 17

Priapulids

Front 18

______ have a barb-tipped proboscis that extends and spears or entangles the prey and then retracts

Back 18

Nemereans