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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pathologic conditions contributing to excess fluid |
heart failure liver disease renal failure |
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nursing implications for pt starting diuretics |
measure I&O restrict sodium potassium intake depends on type of diuretic prescribed keep urinal/bedpan/commode close by obtain daily weight |
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K+<3.5mEq/L |
hypokalemia |
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K+>5.5mEq/L |
hyperkalemia |
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Na+<135mEq/L |
hyponatremia |
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Na+>145mEq/L |
hypernatremia |
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when should pt take diuretics |
in the morning to avoid nocturesis |
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serious adverse effects of K+ sparing diuretics |
hyperkalemia |
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common side effects w/ K+ sparing diuretics |
nausea /vomiting anorexia flatulence headache dehydration |
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uses of K+ sparing diuretics? |
in combo with other diuretics to treat HTN or heart failure prevents hypokalemia |
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action of potassium sparing diuretics |
induce retention of K+; excrete sodium at distal tubule |
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drug interactions with thiazide diuretics |
digoxin corticosteroids lithium NSAIDS insulin |
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serious adverse effects of thiazide diuretics |
gastic irritation N/V constipation electrolyte imbalance dehydration hypokalemia hyperuricemia (gout) hyperglycemia hives/rash/itching |
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common adverse effects of thiazide diuretics? |
orthostatic hypotension |
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uses of thiazide diuretics |
treat edema with heart failure, renal / hepatic diseases, pregnancy, obesity (also used to treat major menstrual symptoms) |
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which tubule do thiazide diuretics work on |
distal |
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action of thiazide diuretics |
block reabsorption of Na & chloride ions from distal tubule |
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if a pt is receiving diuretics & digoxin what must be done to avoid digoxin toxicity? |
check for low K+ levels prior to giving digoxin |
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drug interactions w/ loop diuretics |
alcohol, narcotics, barbituates, digoxin, cisplatin, nsaids, corticosteroids |
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serious adverse effects of loop diuretics |
abdominal pain hypokalemia hyperuricemia (gout) hyperglycemia hives/rash |
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what allergy should be considered when dosing a pt with loop diuretics |
sulfonaminds (sulfa) |
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common adverse effects of loop diuretics |
oral irritation dry mouth orthostatic hypotension |
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uses of loop diuretics |
treat edema from heart failure; cirrhosis of liver & renal disease |
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furosemide is what kind of diuretic |
loop (its lasix!) |
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loop diuretic action |
inhibit sodium & chloride reabsorbtion in ascending limb of Loop of Henle |
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use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor? |
reduce intraocular pressure w/ glaucoma. |
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action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor |
weak diuretic, inhibits carbonic anhydrase in kidney, brain & eye (most commonly used w/ eye disorders) |
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patients susceptible to electrolyte imbalance with diuretic treatment |
history of renal or cardiac disease hormonal disorders massive trauma burns |
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purpose of diuretics? |
increase flow of urine to reduce excess fluid in the body |
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drug interactions with K+ sparing diuretics? |
Lithium K+ supplements NSAIDS Salt supplements |
