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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The General Action of Diuretics |
Increase urine output via the kidney by inhibiting sodium reabsorption at different levels of the renal tubular system |
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The five types of Diuretics |
Thiazides K+ Sparing Diuretic Osmotic Diuretic Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Loop Diuretics |
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Hydrochlorothiazide |
Thiazide Diuretic |
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Action of Thiazides |
Blocks Na+/Cl- Co-transpoter which results in an increase in osmolarity of the urine and a decrease in H2O reabsorption |
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Thiazides are used to treat... |
Hypertension Cardiac Decompensation Ascites Chronic Renal Failure |
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The two types of K+ Sparing Diuretic |
ENAC Blocker Aldosterone Antagonist |
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Triamterene |
ENAC Blocker (K+ Sparing Diuretic) |
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Amiloride |
ENAC Blocker (K+ Sparing Diuretic)
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Action of ENAC Blockers |
Directly blocks epithelial Na+ channels in PCT, CT and C Duct, it is used with loop diuretics and thiazide |
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Spironclactone |
Aldosterone Antagonist (K+ Sparing Diuretic) |
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Action of Aldosterone Antagonists |
Open ENAC and increase DNA transcription of ENAC |
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Aldosterone Antagonists are used to treat... |
Hyperaldosteronism and they are used with Loop Diuretics |
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What is Hyperaldosteronism? |
Conns Syndrome Hepatic Cirrhosis |
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Mannitol |
Osmotic Diuretics |
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Action of Osmotic Diuretics |
Increase osmotic pressure in the glomerular filtrate therefore decreasing water reabsorption from the nephron |
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Uses of Osmotic Diuretics |
Forced diuresis (poisoning) acute glaucoma cerebral oedema |
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Acetazolamide |
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (Diuretic) |
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Action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
Suppresses H+ production therefore decreasing NA+ H+ exchange therefore there is less NA+ reabsorption therefore less H2O reabsorption |
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Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors are used for... |
Glaucoma Altitude Sickness Alkalosis |
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Furosemide |
Loop Diuretic |
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Action of Loop Diuretics |
Inhibit Na+/K+/2Cl- co-transporters which leads to an increase in osmotic pressure in the distal tubule which decreases reabsorption |
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Loop Diuretics are used in... |
Heart Failure Renal Failure Hypertension Ascites Nephrotic Syndrome |
