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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the mechanism of Mannitol? |
Osmotic diuretic, Incr. Tubular osmolarity, incr. urin flow, decrease intracranial/intraocular pressure |
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What is the clinical use of Mannitol? |
ICP, Intraocular pressure, drug OD |
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What are the toxicities and contraindications of Mannitol? |
- Pulm. edema, dehydration. - Anuria, CHF |
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What is the mech. of Acetazolamide? |
C.A. inhibition --> NaHCO3 diuresis and decrease in HCO3 stores |
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What are the clinical uses of ACT? |
Glaucoma, met. alkalosis, alt. sickness, I.C. HTN |
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What are the toxicities of ACT? |
Hyperchloremic acidosis, paresthesia (tingling), NH3 toxicity, sulfa alergy |
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What are the Loop Diuretics? |
Bumetanide, Ethacrynic Acid, Furosemide
(BEAF) |
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What is the MoA of Loop Diuretics? |
Inhibit cotransport (Na/K/2 Cl) on thick ascending limb --> prevents hypotonicity (don't lose water here). Stimulate PGE release; inhibited by NSAIDs. Loops Lose calcium, and Keep the K |
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What are the clinical uses of Loop Diuretics? |
CHF, HTN, hypercalcemia |
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What are the toxicities of Loops? |
Oto, HypoKalemia, Dehydration, Allergy (sulfa), Nephritis, Gout
- OH DANG |
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Which Loop is used for pts. with sulfa allergy? |
Ethacrynic Acid |
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What is the mech for Hydrochlorothiazide? |
Inhibit NaCl reabsorption in DT Decrease diluting capacity of nephron Decrease Ca++ excretion |
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What are the clinical uses of HTZ? |
HTN, CHF, hypercalciuria, DIABETIC, osteoperosis |
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What are the side effects of HTZ? |
hyper-Glycemia, Lipidemia,, Uricemia, Calcemia, Sulfa allergy HyperGLUC |
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What are the K+-sparing diuretics? |
Spironolactone, Traimterene, Amiloride
The K STAys |
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What is the mech of K sparing diuretics? |
Spironolactone: competetive inhibitor of aldosterone
TA: Block Na+ channels in CCT |
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What are the clinical uses of K sparing diuretics? |
Hyperaldosteronism, K+ depletion, CHF |
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What are the side effects of K sparing diuretics? |
Hyperkalemia |
