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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Loop of Henle
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Water reabsorbed, low permeability to ions and urea in the ascending/descending loop. While in the medullary, sodium, potassium, and chloride is reabsorbed
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Proximal Convoluted Tubule
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resorption of salt, water, potassium, urea
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Distal Convoluted Tubule
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resorption of Na and Cl into bloodstream and organic solutes
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Collecting Tubule
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Hydrogen and Potassium ions have low permeability while water is permeable. Aldesterone works here
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Thiazides
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Site of action is Distal Convoluted Tubule. Blocks Na/Cl resorption. After fluid comes out of collecting duct, it is more concentrated. Higher K is excreted out. Is administrated PO and used for high blood pressure. Adverse Effects are hyponatremia, hypohloremia, hyperglycemia, hyperurecemia (gout), hypercalcemia, and hyperlipidemia (increases LDL, lowers HDL).
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Hydrochlorothiazide
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Number one thiazide because effects on body are low and has a short duration of action
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Loop of Henle Diuretics
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Furosemide (IV), Ethacrynic Acid (PO), Bumetanide (IV). Blocks Na/Cl resorption. Used in high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, and edematous states. Can cause hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperuricemia. Compared to thiazides, these are more potent due to short duration and can cause hypocalcemia. Ethacrynic Acid can cause irreversible deafness.
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Spironolactone
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K sparing diuretic acting as an aldesterone antagonist. Results in retention of K and excretion of Na. It decreases plasma binding of Na. Is good for congestive heart failure. Administrated PO. Adverse effects include gynocomastia in men and hyperkalemia
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Amiloride and Triamtrene
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Same function as spironolactone but is not dependent on aldesterone.
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mannitol
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an osmotic diuretic that is administrated as a hypertonic solution infused into patient.Blood becomes hypertonic which allows for increase in water excretion since fluid will be released out of tissues into blood. This occurs because the presence of mannitol can cause hyponatremia until diuresis occurs. Good for patients with CNS damage where it increases plasma binding and increases BP
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