Dit Rapid Review

Front 1

Tx for Acetaminophen OD

Back 1

N-acetylcysteine

Front 2

N-acetylcysteine is Tx for OD of

Back 2

Acetaminophen

Front 3

Tx for Salicylates

Back 3

NaHCO3 (to alkalinize urine)

Front 4

NaHCO3 would be Tx for OD of

Back 4

Salicylates

Front 5

Tx for OD of Amphetamines

Back 5

NH4Cl (b/c amphetamines are basic)

Front 6

NH4Cl would be Tx for this 'psych' drug

Back 6

Amphetamines (b/c they're basic)

Front 7

Tx for OD of AChE-I, Organophosphates

Back 7

Atropine & Pralidoxime
(Pralidoxime regen's AChE)

Sx would be: DUMBBELSS: Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of cns & muscle, Lacrimation, Salivation, Sweating

Front 8

Atropine & Pralidoxime would be Tx for OD of

Back 8

AChE-I or Organophosphate poisoning

Sx: DUMBBELSS: Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of cns & muscle, Lacrimation, Sweating, Salivation

Pralidoxime regenerates active AChE

Front 9

Tx for OD of Antimuscarinic or Anticholinergic agents

Back 9

Physostigmine-salicylate

Front 10

Physostigmine-salicylate would be Tx for OD of

Back 10

Antimuscarinic or Anticholinergic agents

Front 11

Tx for OD of beta-blockers & Verapamil

Back 11

Glucagon, Ca, Atropine

Front 12

Glucagon, Ca, Atropine are Tx for OD of

Back 12

beta-blockers & Verapamil

Front 13

Tx for OD of Digitalis

Back 13

d/c Digitalis, normalize K, Lidocaine (if tachy), Mg, Atropine (if brady)

Front 14

normalizing K, Lidocaine, & Mg are some of Tx for OD of _

Back 14

Digitalis OD
also: d/c Dig, Atropine if brady, Lidocaine if tachy

Front 15

Tx for OD of Iron

Back 15

Deferoxamine

deFEroxamine (elemental symbol)

Front 16

Deferoxamine is Tx for OD of

Back 16

Iron

Front 17

Tx of OD of Lead

Back 17

Dimercaprol, Penicillamine, CaEDTA, Succimer

(Succimer for Kids, EDTA for adults)

Front 18

Dimercaprol, Penicillamine, EDTA, Succimer are Tx for OD of

Back 18

Lead

*Dimercaprol & Succimer also Tx for Hg, Arsenic, Gold

Front 19

Tx for OD of Mercury, arsenic, gold

Back 19

Dimercaprol, Succimer

*these are also part of Tx for OD of Lead

Front 20

Tx of OD of Copper, arsenic, gold

Back 20

Penicillamine

"Copper Peni's"

Front 21

Cyanide OD Tx

Back 21

Nitrites, hydroxycobalamin, thiosulfate

these oxidize Hg, binds CN, metabolite is excreted

Front 22

Methemoglobin OD Tx

Back 22

Methylene blue, Vit C, (Cimetidine can help too)

Front 23

Methylene blue, Vit C are part of Tx of OD of

Back 23

Methemoglobin

Front 24

Carbon Monoxide OD Tx

Back 24

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

Front 25

Tx of OD of Methanol, Ethylene glycol

Back 25

Fomepizol (best, since inhibits Alcohol-DH), Ethanol, Dialysis

Front 26

Fomepizole, Ethanol, Dialysis are Tx for OD of

Back 26

Methanol, Ethylene glycol

Front 27

Tx of OD of Opiods

Back 27

Naloxone/Naltrexone

Front 28

Naloxone/Naltrexone are Tx for OD of

Back 28

Opiods OD

Front 29

Benzodiazepines OD is Tx'd w/

Back 29

Flumazenil

Front 30

Flumazenil is Tx for OD of

Back 30

Benzodiazepines

Front 31

OD of TCAs Tx

Back 31

NaHCO3 (also for ASA OD)

Front 32

Tx OD of Heparin w/

Back 32

Protamine Sulfate

Front 33

Protamine Sulfate is Tx for OD of

Back 33

Heparin

Front 34

Tx OD of Warfarin (Coumadin) w/

Back 34

IV Vit K, FFP

Front 35

IV Vit K & FFP is Tx for OD of

Back 35

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Front 36

Tx OD of tPA or Streptokinase w/

Back 36

Aminocaproic Acid

Front 37

Aminocaproic Acid is Tx for OD of

Back 37

tPA or Streptokinase (thrombolytics)

Front 38

Tx of OD of Theophylline is

Back 38

beta-blocker

Front 39

coronary vasospasm is common SE of

Back 39

Cocaine

Front 40

cutaneous flushing is common SE of (4)

Back 40

Niacin, Dihydropyridine Ca-chnnl blockers (Nifidepine, Amlodipine, etc), Vancomycin, Adenosine

Front 41

Dilated Cardiomyopathy is common SE of (2)

Back 41

Doxorubicin, Dannorubicin

Front 42

Torsades des pointes is common SE of (3)

Back 42

Class I & III antiarrhythmics, Cisapride

Front 43

Agranulocytosis is common SE of (6)

Back 43

Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Propylthyouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone

Front 44

Aplastic Anemia is common SE of (5)

Back 44

Chloramphenicol, Benzene, NSAIDs, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole

Front 45

Thrombocytopenia is common SE of (2)

Back 45

Heparine, H2-blockers

Front 46

Gray Baby Syndrome is common SE of

Back 46

Chloramphenicol

Front 47

Hemolysis in G6PD patients is common SE of (7)

Back 47

INH, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, ASA, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin, Dapsone, Chloroquine

Front 48

Thrombosis is common SE of

Back 48

OCPs, esp if smoking too

Front 49

Pulmonary Fibrosis is common SE of

Back 49

Bleomycin, Amiodarine, Busulfan

Front 50

Cough is common SE of

Back 50

ACE-I (give ARB in its place)

Front 51

focal to massive hepatic necrosis is common SE of (3)

Back 51

Halothane, Amiodarone, Busulfan

Front 52

Hepatitis is common SE of

Back 52

Macrolides

Front 53

Pseudomembranous Colitis is common SE of (2)

Back 53

Ampicillin, Clindamycin

Front 54

Adrenocortical insufficiency is common SE of

Back 54

glucocorticoid w/drawal

Front 55

Gynecomastia is common SE of (7)

Back 55

Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimetidine, chronic Alcohol use, Ketoconazole, weed

Front 56

Hot Flashes is common SE of (2)

Back 56

Tamoxifen, Clomiphene

Front 57

Hypothyroidism is common SE of (2)

Back 57

Li, Amiodarone

Front 58

Gingival hyperplasia is common SE of

Back 58

Phenytoin

Front 59

Gout is common SE of (2)

Back 59

Furosemide, Thiazides

Front 60

Osteoporosis is common SE of (2)

Back 60

Corticosteroids, Heparin

Front 61

Photosensitivity is common SE of (3)

Back 61

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, TET

Front 62

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is common SE of (8)

Back 62

"seizure, sulfa, 'scillins": Ethosuximide, Lamotrigine, Carbemazepine, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, sulfa Rx's, PCN, Allopurinol

Front 63

drug-induced SLE is common SE of (5)

Back 63

SHIPP!!!: Sulfonamides, Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Phenytoin, Procainamide

Front 64

Tendon rupture/cartilage damage is common SE of

Back 64

Fluoroquinolones

Front 65

Fanconi's syndrome is common SE of (3)

Back 65

expired TET's, heavy metals, Wilson's

Front 66

Interstitial nephritis is common SE of (3)

Back 66

NSAIDs, Methicillin, Furosemide

Front 67

Hemorrhagic Cystitis is common SE of (2)

Back 67

Cyclophosphamide (Tx w/ MESNA), Furosemide

Front 68

dizziness, N, HA, vision changes, tinnitus are common SE of (3)

Back 68

Quinidine, Quinine (& Digitalis)

Front 69

Nephrogenic DI is common SE of (2)

Back 69

Li, Democlocycline

Front 70

Seizure is common SE of (5)

Back 70

Enflurane, Buproprion, Imipenem/Cisplatin, Isoniazid, evening Palm Rose Oil

Front 71

Tardive Dyskinesia is common SE of

Back 71

high potency anti-psychotics

Front 72

Disulfiram-like rxn is common SE of

Back 72

Metronidazole

Front 73

Nephro + Neurotoxicity is common SE of

Back 73

Polymyxins

Front 74

Nephro + Ototoxicity is common SE of

Back 74

Aminoglycosides, Vancomyocin, Loop Diuretics, Cisplatin

Front 75

skin disorder w/:
pruritic, purple, polygonal papules

Back 75

Lichens Planus

-sawtooth infiltrate at dermal-epidermal junction

Front 76

skin disorder w/:
life threatening rash w/ bulla

Back 76

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

-fever, bulla formation & necrosis, sloughing of skin

Front 77

skin disorder w/:
pruritis a/w asthma

Back 77

Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

pruritic eruption, esp on skin flexures

Front 78

skin disorder w/:
pruritic vesicles a/w celiac disease

Back 78

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

deposits of IgA at tips of Dermal Papillae

Front 79

skin disorder w/:
allergy to nickel

Back 79

Type IV (contact dermatitis)

Front 80

skin disorder w/:
thickened scar esp around face/chest

Back 80

Keloid

Front 81

skin disorder w/:
Ab against Epidermal Basement Membrane

Back 81

Bullous Pemphigoid

-Ab to Hemidesmosomes
Bullous pemphigoid = Basement membrane "B!"
-(-) Nikolsky's sign, SPARES Oral mucosa

Front 82

skin disorder w/:
tense blisters, oral mucosa spared, Ab to basement membrane

Back 82

Bullous Pemphigoid

Front 83

skin disorder w/:
Ab against Epidermal cell junctions

Back 83

Pemphigus Vulgaris

-Pemphigus Vulgaris = Positive nikolsky's sign = skin sloughs off w/ stroking
-Ab to Desmosomes
-affects Oral mucosa

Front 84

skin disorder w/:
parakeratotic scaling

Back 84

Psoriasis

-papules & plaques w/ *silvery scaling*, acanthosis w/ *parakeratotic scaling*
-incr Stratum Spinosum, decr Stratum Granulosum

Front 85

skin disorder w/:
keratin-filled cysts

Back 85

Seborrheic Keratosis

-flat, greasy, pigmented prolif that looks 'pasted on'

Front 86

skin disorder w/:
sand-paper; predisposition to SCC

Back 86

Actinic Keratosis

Front 87

skin disorder w/:
skin rash & proximal muscle weakness

Back 87

Dermatomyositis

Front 88

skin disorder w/:
honey-colored lesions common on nose & lips

Back 88

Impetigo

S aureus or S pyogenes

Front 89

skin disorder w/:
hyperkeratosis & koilocytosis

Back 89

Verrucase of HPV

Front 90

skin disorder w/:
histology shows palisading nuclei

Back 90

Basal Cell Carcinoma

-sun-exposed areas
-mets = rare
-rolled edges w/ central ulceration

Front 91

skin disorder w/:
ulcerative red lesion in sun-exposed area, histo: Keratin "Pearls"

Back 91

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

-mets = rare

Front 92

skin disorder w/:
S-100, sun exposure, dark w/ irregular borders

Back 92

Melanoma

-mets = common
-depth correlates w/ risk of mets

Front 93

enzyme deficient in lysosomal storage disease w/ renal & cardiovascular manifestations

Back 93

Fabry's disease
-enzyme defic = α-galactosidase A
-Fabry's fucks w/ the kidneys
-only Fabry's & Hunter's are X Recessive (all others = AR)
-other Sx: periph neuropathy of hands/feet, angiokeratomas

Front 94

the only 2 X-linked lysosomal storage diseases, & what enzyme defic in them?

Back 94

only 2 X-linked are Fabry's & Hunter's
Fabry's = no α-galactosidase A; Hunter's = no Iduonate sulfatase (accum Heparan sulfate & Dermatan sulfate)

Front 95

enzyme defic in the m/c lysosomal storage disease?

Back 95

β-glucocerebrosidase
-defic in Gaucher's

-accumulate Glucocerebroside
-hepatosplenomegaly, aseptic necrosis of femur, macrophages that look like "crumpled tissue paper" = Gaucher cells

Front 96

which lysosomal storage diseases a/w early death (& their enzymes)

Back 96

Tay-Sach's, Niemann-Pick, Krabbe's

Tay-Sach's = tay-saX = heXosaminidase A

Nieman-Pick = Sphinogomyelinase
"Niemann Picks his nose w/ his Sphinger"

Krabbe's = Galactocerebrosidase

Front 97

which lysosomal storage disease(s) is(are) demyelinating and defic enzyme(s)

Back 97

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

-defic in Arylsulfatase A
-Sx: central & peripheral demyelination w/ ataxia, dementia

Front 98

of the following, which has Corneal Clouding, which has Mental Retardation

Hurler's

Hunter's

Scheie's

I-cell

Back 98

Hurler's: Corneal Clouding, Mental Retardation

Hunter's: only Mental Retardation

Scheie's: only Corneal Clouding

I-cell: Corneal Clouding, ~Mental Retardation

Front 99

α-L-iduronidase is defic in

Back 99

Hurler's Syndrome (lysosomal storage diseaes)

-Schei's is a milder version of this

Front 100

Iduronate sulfatase is defic in

Back 100

Hunter's Syndrome (lysosomal storage disease)

-X-linked recessive (Fabry's is the only other XR lysosomal storage defect, all others are AR)

Front 101

Arylsulfatase A is defic in

Back 101

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

-central & peripheral demyelination w/ ataxia & dementia

Front 102

α-galactosidase is defic in

Back 102

Fabry's disease (lysosomal storage disease)

-X-linked recessive (only this and Hunter's are, all others AR)

Front 103

Galactocerebrosidase is defic in

Back 103

Krabbe's disease (lysosomal storage disease)

Sx: periph neuropathy, developmental delay, optic atrophy

Front 104

β-glucocerebrosidase is defic in

Back 104

Gaucher's disease (lysosomal storage)

Sx: hepatosplenomegaly, femur aseptic necrosis, crumpled tissue paper macrophages (Gaucher's cells)

Front 105

Hexosaminidase is defic in

Back 105

Tay-Sach's (lysosomal storage disease)

"tay-saX"
Sx: neurodegen, developmental delay, cherry-red spot on macula, NO hepatosplenomegaly (vs Nieman-Pick, DOES have hepatosplenomegaly)

Front 106

Sphingomyelinase defic in

Back 106

Nieman-Pick (lysosomal storage disease)

Front 107

GM2-ganglioside accumulates in

Back 107

Tay-Sach's
-defic Hexosaminidase A

-NO hepatomegaly, cherry-red spot on macula

Front 108

Dermatan sulfate accumulates in

Back 108

Hunter's & Hurler's syndromes (lysosomal storage diseases)

Hurler's: development delay, Gargoylism, airway obstruction, corneal clouding, dwarfism, hepatosplenomegaly

Hunter's: mild Hurler's, aggresive behavior, NO corneal clouding

Front 109

lysosomal storage disease common in Ashkenazi Jew's

Back 109

Tay-Sach's, Niemann-Pick, Gaucher's

Front 110

lysosomal storage disease w/ "crinkled paper cytoplasm"

Back 110

Gaucher's disease (the m/c)

Front 111

cherry red spot on macula DDx

Back 111

Niemann-Pick
Tay-Sach's
Central Retinal a occlusion

Front 112

how differentiate btw Niemann-Pick & Tay-Sachs

Back 112

-BOTH have neurodegeneration, developmental delay, **Cherry Red spot on macula**

Niemann-Pick: progressive neurodegeneration, hepatosplenomegaly, cherry-red spot, foam cells (macropages), retardation

Tay-Sach's has NO hepatomegaly
"no SACH in the liver"

Front 113

enzyme defic if pt w/ cherry-red spot on macula, hepatomegaly, retardation

Back 113

Sphingomyelinase

-this is Niemann-Pick

(vs Tay-Sach's also has retardation & cherry-red spot on macula, but NO hepatomegaly, and is Hexosaminidase A)

Front 114

what vasculitis fits description:
weak pulses in UE

Back 114

Takayasu's arteritis

-"pulseless disease"
-giant cell granulomatous thickening or aortic arch &/or proximal great vessels
-can have BP diff in R vs L extremity
Sx: Fever, Arthritis, Night sweats, MYalgia, SKIN nodules, Ocular disturb's, Weak pulses in UE, UE can have discrepancy

Front 115

what vasculitis fits description:
necrotizing granulomas of lung & necrotizing glomerulonephritis

Back 115

Wegener's Granulomatosis

-focal necrotizing vasculitis, necrotizing granulomas in Lung AND Upper Airway, necrotizing glomerulonephritis (the airway thing differentiates from Goodpasture's)
Sx: hemoptysis, hematuria, perforation of nasal septum, chronic sinusitis, otitis media, mastoiditis, cough
******c-ANCA(+)*****

Front 116

what vasculitis fits description:
young male smokers

Back 116

Buerger's
-"thromboangiitis obliterans", idiopathic, segmental thrombosing vasculitis
Sx: intermittent claudication, superficial nodular phlebitis, Raynaud's, gangrene & autoamputation

Front 117

what vasculitis fits description:
young Asian women

Back 117

Takayasu's Arteritis

-Asian F < 40 y.o, giant cell granulomatous thickening of aortic arch &/or proximal great vessels
Sx: Fever, Arthritis, Night sweats, MYalgia, SKIN nodules, Ocular distrub's, Weak pulses in UE w/ discrepancy btw the UE
"FAN MY SKIN On Wed"

Front 118

what vasculitis fits description:
young asthmatics

Back 118

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

-granulomatous vasculitis w/ eosinophilia; m/c presents w/ Asthma, Sinusitis, Skin Lesions, Peripheral Neuropathy

Vasculitis, young asthmatic- Churg-Strauss

Front 119

what vasculitis fits description:
infants & young children, involves coronary arteries

Back 119

Kawasaki's Disease

-acute, self-limiting necrotizing vasculitis in infants/kids; a/w Asian race
-Sx: fever, conjunctivitis, lip/oral mucosal changes ("strawberry tongue"), lymphadenitis, desquamative skin rash
*coronary a aneurysm*
Tx: IV Ig, ASA (***this is the rare instance when give a child ASA***)

Front 120

what vasculitis fits description:
m/c vasculitis

Back 120

Temporal Arteritis

-focal, granulomatous inflamm, esp in eldery F
Sx: unilateral HA, jaw claudication, impaired vision
*ophthalmic a is occluded, can → irreversible blindness

Front 121

what vasculitis fits description:
a/w Hep B infection

Back 121

Polyarteritis Nodosa

-immune-complex med'd transmural vasculitis w/ fibrinoid necrosis
Sx: fever, wt loss, malaise, abd pain, melena, HA, myalgia, HTN, neurologic dysfunction, cutaneous eruptions

Front 122

what vasculitis fits description:
occlusion of ophthalmic a possibly causing blindness

Back 122

Temporal Arteritis

-focal, granulomatous inflamm

Front 123

what vasculitis fits description:
perforation of nasal septum

Back 123

Wegener's

triad of: focal necrotizing vasculitis, necrotizing granulomas in lung AND upper airway (Goodpasture's is just lung), necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Sx: hemoptysis, hematuria, nasal septum perforation, chronic sinusitis, otitis media, mastoiditis, cough, dyspnea
*****c-ANCA*****

Front 124

what vasculitis fits description:
unilateral HA, jaw claudication

Back 124

Temporal Arteritis

Front 125

skin papule in AIDS caused by Bartonella is a/w which vascular tumor

Back 125

Bacillary Angiomatosis

Front 126

cavernous lymphangioma a/w Turner's syndrome is a/w what vascular tumor

Back 126

Cystic Hygroma

Front 127

which vascular tumor is a/w benign red lesion about size of mole in elderly

Back 127

Cherry Hemangioma

Front 128

which vascular tumor is a/w raised, red area present at birth, incr's size initially, then regresses over mo to years

Back 128

Strawberry Hemangioma

Front 129

which vascular tumor is a/w lesion caused by lymphoangiogenic growth factors in an infected HIV pt

Back 129

Kaposi's sarcoma

Front 130

vascular tumor a/w polypoid red lesion found in pregnancy or after trauma

Back 130

Pyogenic granuloma

Front 131

vascular tumor a/w benign, painful, red-blue tumor under fingernails

Back 131

Glomus Tumor

Front 132

vascular tumor a/w cavernous lymphangioma a/w Turner's

Back 132

Cystic Hygroma