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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are excipients |
They are substances with slight or no therapeutic value but are used in the preparation of various pharmaceuticals |
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What is a preservative |
A preservative is a substance added to foods or pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples and woods to prevent decomposition |
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State some physical and chemical preservatives |
Chemical Benzoic acid Sorbic acid Hydroxybenzoates Benzyl alcohol Chloroform water Physical Refrigeration Drying |
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State 5 ideal properties of preservatives |
1. It should be non toxic 2. It should not be irritant 3. It should be chemically and physically stable 4. It should be compatible with other ingredients used in the formulation 5. It must be potent |
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State 4 artificial preservatives |
Sodium benzoate Sodium bisulphite Potassium sorbate Sorbic acid |
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State 3 natural preservatives |
1. Quaternary ammonium salts 2. Alcohols 3. Phenols |
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What are flavoring agents? |
They are substances that give flavor to pharmaceutical preparations or they mask the bitter taste of drugs |
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State 4 natural flavoring agents |
1. Peppermint oil 2. Anise oil 3. Lemongrass oil 4. Ginger oil 5. Aldehyde (vanillin) |
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What are artificial flavoring agents |
These are chemical compounds synthesized by chemical processes that may be organoleptic ally and chemical structurally indistinguishable to a natural flavoring agent |
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State 3 examples of artificial flavoring agents |
1. Ethyl butyrate 2. Amyl acetate 3. Methyl salicylate |
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State 4 ideal properties of flavoring agents |
1. Should be inert 2. Should increase the palatability of the pharmaceutical preparation 3. Should be non toxic 4. Should provide pleasant odour and taste of drugs product |
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Def 1: What are diluents? Eg.1 |
They are substances added to increase the volume of a pharmaceutical preparation. Eg. Alcohol and water |
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Def 2: What are diluents? Eg. 2 |
They are fillers designed to make up the required bulk of the drug when the drug dosage amount is inadequate. Eg. Starch, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol calcium carbonate. |
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State 5 ideal properties of diluents |
1. It should be nonhygroscopic 2. It should be chemically inert 3. It should be stable 4. It should be water soluble 5. It should be cost effective |
