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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Prader-Willi Syndrome |
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Down syndrome |
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Angel man syndrome |
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Neurofibromatosis |
Type 1 usually diagnosed in children Type 2 usually diagnosed in adulthood |
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High RBC High WBC High platelets |
Polycythemia Vera |
JAK2 protein mutation usually involved |
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Factor VIII deficiency |
Hemophilia A Sex-linked, Recessive Most common sex linked bleeding |
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Factor IX deficiency |
Hemophilia B Sex linked, Recessive |
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Factor VII deficiency |
Alexander's disease Autosomal, Recessive F7 Gene Chromosome 13 Can be acquired |
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Von Willibrands |
VWF deficiency Autosomal Recessive Most common hereditary bleeding Causes decrease in factor VIII |
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Cleft palate repair timing |
Rule of 10's First sx - cleft lip around 10 weeks Second sx - soft palate around 10 months Third sx - bone graft around 10 years |
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Conditions with Taurodontism |
Kleinfelter Tricho-dento-osseous Mohr Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia Amelogenesis imperfecta IV Down Williams Smith-Magenis |
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Prominent lip, wide mouth, Taurodontism, enamel hypoplasia, microdontia, partial anodontia |
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Conditions associated with hyperdontia |
Apert Cleidocranial dysplasia Gardner syndrome Crouzon syndrome Down syndrome Sturge-weber Orofaciodigital syndrome I Cleft lip/palate |
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Conditions associated with hypodontia and oligodontia |
Ectodermal dysplasia Crouzon syndrome Achondroplasia Chondroectodermal dysplasia Williams syndrome Non-syndromic cleft lip/palate Incontinentia pigmenti Orofaciodigital syndrome I Riegee syndrome |
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Conditions associated with microdontia |
Ectodermal dysplasia Chondroectodermal dysplasia Hemifacial microsomia Down syndrome Crouzon syndrome Pituitary dwarfism |
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Conditions associated with macrodontia |
Hemifacial hyperplasia Crouzon syndrome Otodental syndrome XXY syndrome Pituitary gigantism Pineal hyperplasia |
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Anomalies of initiation and proliferation |
Anodontia Hypodontia Oligodontia |
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Anomalies of Morphodifferentiation |
Dens in dente Dens evaginatus Taurodontism Dilaceration |
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Anomalies of histodifferentiation |
Amelogenesis imperfecta Dentingenesis imperfecta Osteogenesis imperfecta Ehlers-Danlos Goldblatt syndrome Schimke immune-osseous dysplasia |
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Anomalies of apposition |
Enamel hypoplasia Enamel pearls Dentin dysplasia Regional odontodysplasia Rickets Hypoparathyroidism Pseudohypoparathyroidism Ehlers-Danlos Albright hereditary Hypophosphatasia Epidermolysis bullosa Cleidocranial dysplasia |
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Anomalies of mineralization |
Enamel hypomineralization MIH Amelogenesis imperfecta III Fluorosis Sclerotic dentin |
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Anomalies of maturation |
Amelogenesis imperfecta II Amelogenesis imperfecta IV |
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Intrinsic staining |
Anemia - gray Bile duct defects - green Trauma - red, gray, black Bilirubin - blue-green Porphyria - purplish-brown Tetracycline - yellowish-gray |
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Idiopathic bone sclerosis |
Asymptomatic Non-odontogenic Radiopaque, well defined, localized, non corticated, Apex of vital teeth, no teeth displaced. 90% in mandible by molars |
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Simple bone cyst |
Bone cavity, not true cyst Mandible posterior region No effect on surrounding teeth Associated with cemento-osseous dysplasia (question: simple bone cyst, nothing around lesion) |
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Fibrous dysplasia |
Radiopaque, ill-defined Orange peel Ground glass Replacement of normal bone by fibrous tissue containing abnormal appearing bone. 70% are monostotic Displacement of teeth |
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Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia |
3 stages: lucent, mixed, opaque Hispanic Female Replacement of normal bone with cementum-like material Vital teeth |
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Radicular cyst |
Originated from epithelial rests of malassez Most common cyst in jaws Non-vital tooth Periapical cyst |
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Buccal bifurcation cyst |
Inflammatory odontogenic cyst Associated with previous pulp therapy (pulpotomy) In children only Radiolucent, well defined |
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Dentigerous cyst |
Radiolucent, CEJ to CEJ Around crown of unerupted tooth, usually supernumerary teeth or 3rd molars From accumulation in layers of reduced enamel epithelium Second most common cyst in jaws |
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Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) |
Odontogenic from dental lamina Epithelium has Innate growth potential White cheese inside Superior to IA canal |
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Naso-palatine canal cyst |
Non-odontogenic cyst Anterior maxilla Heart shape at naso-palatine canal |
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Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor |
Benign Calcifications around canine area Radiolucent Snowflakes |
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Ameloblastic fibroma |
Similar to OKC but Small calcifications inside lesion |
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Compound odonontoma |
Radiopaque surrounded by radiolucent surrounded by radiopaque line
Tooth like structures |
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Complex odontoma |
Golf ball |
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Benign cementoblastoma |
Radiopaque attached to apex of vital but painful tooth |
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Ewing's sarcoma |
Malignant tumor of long bones Swelling, pain, loose teeth, Floating teeth Radiolucent, ill-defined UNEVEN destruction of bone Finger like projections |
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Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) |
Tumor of hematopoietic stem cells Periapical lesions No expansion of bone but displaced unerupted teeth Premature tooth loss |
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Kids with developmental disabilities are how likely to desaturate with sedation? |
3X more likely |
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DiGeorge syndrome |
Chromosome 22Q11 Thymic hypoplasia Deficient T-cell function |
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Chediak-Higashi syndrome |
Oculocutaneous albinism Early childhood periodontitis Defective gene inhibits killing phagocytosed bacteria |
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Percentage of children in US with caries by age |
2-5 years: 23% or 1 in 4 6-8 years: 56% |
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Anomalies of proliferation and Morphodifferentiation |
Microdontia Macrodontia Gemination Fusion Concrescence |
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Moderate caries risk factors for age >6 |
SHCN Recent immigrant Defective restorations Intraoral appliance |
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Kwashiorkor |
Protein malnutrition characterized by edema and enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates. Abrupt weaning Low antioxidants Altered intestinal bacteria Sufficient calories, insufficient protein (Different from marasmus) |
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Nutritional causes of anemia |
Deficiencies in: Iron Folate B12 Riboflavin Copper |
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If you have pea sized amount of 1000ppm fluoride toothpaste, how much fluoride in mg? |
0.25mg |
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Define overweight in childhood |
BMI at or above 85th percentile |
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Define obesity in childhood |
BMI at or above 95th percentile |
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ECC defined as |
1 or more dmft surface in any primary tooth before age 6 |
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S-ECC defined as |
Sign of smooth surface caries under age 3 1 or more dmft in primary max anterior teeth ages 3-5 Dmft greater than 4 at age 3 Dmft greater than 5 at age 4 Dmft greater than 6 at age 5 |
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Pierre Robin sequence |
Micrognathia Macroglossia Glossoptosis Cleft lip and palate Intellectual impairment |
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Treacher Collins syndrome (Mandibulofacial disostosis) |
-Auricular and ocular defects -Zygomatic and mandibular hypoplasia -Microstomia -Palatopharyngeal incompetence -Cleft palate -Normal intelligence |
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Crouzon syndrome |
Craniofacial synostosis Proptosis Maxillary hypoplasia Beaked nose High arched palate and malocclusion Cleft lip and pallet Cervical vertebral fusions |
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Apert syndrome (Acrocephalosyndactyly) |
-Craniofacial synostosis
-Maxillary hypoplasia -Prognathism -Cleft palate -Tracheobronchial cartilaginous anomalies - cervical vertebral fusions - syndactyly |
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Goldenhar syndrome (Eye-ear-spine) (Hemifacial microsomia) |
Articular and ocular defects Zygomatic/mandibular hypoplasia Occipitalization of Atlas Cleft lip and palate Velopharyngeal insufficiency Cervical vertebral fusion |
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Down syndrome |
Narrow nasopharynx Large tonsils and adenoids Macroglossia Underdeveloped nose bridge Small subglottic area Microcephaly Cervical spine abnormalities Atlantoaxial subluxation Broad short neck |
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Klippel Feil syndrome |
Cleft palate Restricted neck movement Congenital fusion of a variable number of cervical vertebrae |
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Beckwith-Wiedeman syndrome |
Macroglossia Neoplasms involving head and neck |
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Cherubism (Familial fiberous dysplasia) |
Tumorous lesions in the mandible and maxilla with intra-oral masses Limited jaw closure Tongue displacement |
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Cretinism (Congenital hypothyroidism) |
Compression of trachea Macroglossia Laryngeal nerve palsy Paradoxical vocal cord motion |
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Cri du chat syndrome |
Deletion 5p syndrome Microcephaly Micronathia Laryngomalacia Stridor Cleft lip and pallet Hemivertebrae |
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Von Recklinghausen disease (Neurofibromatosis) |
Macroglossia Cafe au lait More... |
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Hurler syndrome |
Gargoyle facies Enlarged tongue Small mouth Stiff joints Kyphoscoliosis |
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Hunter syndrome |
Similar to hurler syndrome but less severe |
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Pompe's disease |
Glycogen storage disease Macroglossia Muscle deposits Respiratory muscle weakness |
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Prader Willi syndrome |
Increase grelin Severe obesity Hypotonia Chromosome 15 |
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De Lange syndrome |
Severe growth deficiency Recurrent respiratory infection Depressed nasal bridge High arched palate Micronesia Cleft palate |
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Saethre-chotzen syndrome |
Craniosynostosis Maxillary hypoplasia Cleft palate |
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HPV greatest protection |
Age 9 - 12 |
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Normal crown color and shape with short constricted roots Rootless teeth |
Dentin dysplasia type I |
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Thin roots with normal length Amber colored teeth Bulbous crown Cervical constriction Early pulp obliteration Thistle-tube shaped chamber |
Dentin dysplasia type 2 |
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Bulbous crowns Thin roots Cervical constriction Early canal obliteration Occurs with osteogenesis imperfecta Amber colored tooth |
Dentinogenesis imperfecta type 1 |
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Opalescent Dentin Same characteristics as dentinogenesis imperfecta type 1 Does not occur with osteogenesis imperfecta |
Dentinogenesis imperfecta type 2 |
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Bell-shaped crowns Shell-like appearance of teeth Often multiple pulp exposures Normal thickness of enamel Very thin Dentin |
Dentinogenesis imperfecta type 3 |
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Lesch-Nyhan syndrome |
X-linked trait that affects how body breaks down purines
Missing enzyme: hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
Causes buildup of uric acid Self-mutilation behavior |
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Hunter/hurler syndrome |
Results in buildup of glycosaminoglycans Claw hands |
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Sturge-Weber syndrome |
Manifested at birth by seizures Port-wine stain Early eruption of teeth Major problem is hemorrhage of angiomas |
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Neurofibromatosis |
Wide inferior alveolar canal |
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Rubenstein-Taybi |
Heart defects possibly requiring Sx Talon cusp |
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Treacher Collins |
Small mandible and short ramus Normal intelligence Facial nerve affected Cleft palate |
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Pierre Robin sequence |
Small jaw effects tongue size and position which blocks airway Cleft palate Glossoptosis (relative) |
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Rett syndrome |
Normal development for first 6-18 months Floppy arms and legs - first sign Apraxia - unable to perform task Lots of social engagement Seizures |
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Beckwith-Wiedmann syndrome |
Craniosynostosis ridge on forehead Macroglossia Large organs |
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Crouzon syndrome |
Craniosynostosis Patent ductus arteriosus Usually normal intelligence Posterior bilateral crossbite Hypodontia |
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Ellis-van creveld syndrome (Chondroectodermal dysplasia) |
Post-axial polydactyly Congenital heart defects - atrial septal defect most common Short limb dwarfism Cleft lip and palate Multiple frenula Microdontia |
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Fragile X syndrome |
Elongated face Mostly males Large ears Malocclusion common |
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Tuberous sclerosis |
Hypomelanotic macules Facial angiofibromas Sublingual fibromas Enamel hypoplasia Gingival hyperplasia from seizure meds |
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Sotos syndrome |
Cerebral gigantism Long narrow face Down-slanting palpebral fissures Learning disability Overgrowth Hypotonia Premature/early eruption Hemi-mandibular hypertrophy |
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Oculo-auriculo-vertebral syndrome |
Goldenhar syndrome Hemifacial microsomia Branchial Arch 1 and 2 affected Day 30 - 45 of gestation In utero hemorrhage |
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Fetal alcohol syndrome |
Smooth filtrum, thin upper lip Flat mid-face Minor ear abnormalities Cleft palate common Hypoplastic mandible Intellectual disabilities |
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Cornelia de Lange syndrome |
Behavioral issues: self-injury, compulsive repetition, autistic-like GERD Thin eyebrows meet at Midline Cleft palate Delayed eruption |
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Apert syndrome |
Craniosynostosis Syndactyly Mid-face hypoplasia Cervical spine fusion Supernumerary teeth Ectopic eruption of Max 1st molars Shovel shaped incisors Intellectual disability |
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Turner syndrome |
Incomplete puberty Swollen hands and feet Early eruption of permanent molars Micrognathia |
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Noonan syndrome |
Heart defects: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, septal hypertrophy Delayed and atypical eruption sequence |
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Lowe syndrome |
Oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome Perio disease Taurodontism |
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Kleinfelter syndrome |
Only males affected Learning problems Taurodontism |
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Down syndrome |
Microdontia Macroglossia Congenital heart disease Delayed eruption Hypodontia Atlanto-axial instability |
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Cri-du-chat (Call of the cat) |
Micronathia Cleft lip and palate GERD erosion |
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Achondroplasia |
Large head-to-body size difference Depressed nasal bridge Maxillary hypoplasia Tooth shape abnormalities |
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ADHD |
3 to 5% of school-age children Prefrontal cortex dopamine system Stimulants first choice of med: Methylphenidate, amphetamines |
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Cerebral palsy |
Malfunction of motor centers in the brain No cure Spastic tightness Intellectual disability - 60% Fetal alcohol syndrome? |
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Congenital heart disease |
Risk factors: -Maternal rubella -Diabetes -Alcoholism -Irradiation -Drugs: thalidomine, phenytoin, warfarin Down syndrome, Turner syndrome |
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Tetralogy of Fallot |
Ventricular septal defect Pulmonary stenosis Overriding aorta Right ventricular hypertrophy |
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Infective endocarditis prophylaxis |
Prosthetic cardiac valve Previous infective endocarditis Cardiac transplant with valvulopathy Unrepaired cyanotic CHD Repaired CHD within 6 months |
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Asthma |
Corticosteroids - 1st choice Beta 2 agonist (Albuterol) 2nd choice Inflammatory, obstructive, restrictive Increase prevalence of caries (meds) Decrease salary flow - increase lactobacilli No NSAIDs No more macrolides (erythromycin) |
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Diabetes |
A1C > 7% Insulin Heart: CHD Cerebrovascular: Stroke Peripheral: Gangrene Neuropathy Decreased resistance to infection |
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Chronic kidney disease |
Renal Osteodystrophy Lack of mineralization of bone Bleeding tendencies Impaired drug excretion Hypertension Shunt infection Hepatitis B or C Anemia |
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Stickler syndrome |
Genetic disorder of connective tissue Joint hypermobility Mutation alpha-1 chain of type 2 collagen Hearing problems Flat midface |
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