Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
most common leukopenia?
due to? leukopenia only commonly found in advanced HIV, following glucocorticoids, autoimmune dis., malnutrition, and viral infections? |
neutropenia; bacterial infection
lymphopenia |
|
|
another name for neutropenia?
neutropenia due to suppression of myloid cells is often accompanied by (2)? |
agranulocytosis
anemia, thrombocytopenia (low WBC,RBC) |
|
|
common cause of predictable agranulocytosis?
|
drugs, alkylating agents and anti-metabolites
|
|
|
two modes of leukopenia
|
accellerated removal/ destruction
inadequate granulopoisis |
|
|
four drugs that cause agranulocytosis
|
chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, chlorpramazine, thiouracil
|
|
|
most drug induced agranulocytosis mechanism?
|
Ig-mediated cell lysis
|
|
|
neutropenia with hypercellularity caused by which?
ineffective granulopoiesis excess destruct. of mat neutrophils destruction of granulo. precursers |
ineffective granulopoiesis
excess destruct. of mat neutrophils |
|
|
neutropenia with hyporcellularity caused by which?
ineffective granulopoiesis excess destruct. of mat neutrophils destruction of granulo. precursers |
destruction of granulocyte precursers
|
|
|
most serious infection giving rise to agranulocytosis have blood count of?
|
less than 500/ mm3
|
|
|
floowing myelosuprressive therapy treat w/ ? to elevate counts
|
G-CSF
|
|
|
three types of lymphoid neoplasms?
|
B-cell (Burkitt's)
T-cell and NK Hodgkins |
|
|
what is Lymphoma?
leukemia? |
cancer of lymph nodes/ thymus
cancer of the blood/ bone marrow |
|
|
Neutrophils Like Making Everything Better.
state the % of each type of blood cells in peripheral smears. |
Neutrophils 60%
Like (lymphocytes) 30% Making (macrophages) 6% Everything (eosinophils) 3% Better (Basophils) 1% |
|
|
whats happening in Acute myelogenous Leukemia?
myelodysplastic syndrome? |
immature progenitor cells are accumulating in the bone marrow
ineffective hematopoiesis / cytopenia |
|
|
most lymphomas arise from germinal center B-cells ,why?
|
inherent genome instability during recombination events
|
|
|
etiologies of white cell neoplasia (5)?
|
chromo translocation
inherited genetics viruses(EBV,HTLV1,KSHV) environmental (H. pylori) Iatrogenic (chemotherapy, drugs) |
|
|
leukemias often present as/
|
hematopoeitic suppression on CBC
hepato- splenomegaly |
|
|
plasma cell neoplasmeas present as?
|
bone destruction and fracture
|
|
|
five broad categories of lymphoid neoplasms?
|
immature precursor B-cell Lym.
mature precursor B-cell lym. immature precursor T-cell lym. mature T-cell and NK cell lym. Hodgkins lymphoma |
|
|
how can you tell if a lymphocyte is from a neoplasia?
|
the DNA will be identical instead of having a random generated antigen (gene splice)
|
|
|
most common lymphoid neoplasia?
least? |
B-cell lymphomas
NK-cell lymphomas |
|
|
how is hodgkins different than the other lymphoid neoplasms?
why does this matter? |
it tends not to become disseminated, rather it can be found restricted to one group of lymph nodes.
you can use this to guide treatment and make good guess at prognosis |
|
|
what is ALL?
when do the two types present? |
neoplasia of pre-b or pre-t cells.
whites, boys>girls pre-b at age 4 pre-t in adolescence |
|
|
markers on a pre B-cell ALL?
|
TdT
CD22 CD10 CD19 (very early pre-B) no IgM ( early pre-B) |
|
|
what is philadelphia chromosome?
signifies? |
t(9;22)
A.L.L. |
|
|
common presenting factors in ALL and AML?
|
abrupt stormy onset
depression of bone marrow (fatigue) bone pain/ tenderness splenomegaly/ hepatomegaly CNS signs ( headache, vomiting) |
|
|
how treatable is ALL?
|
90% complete remission
|
|
|
ALL poor prognosis factors (4)?
|
onset before 2
onset in adolescence blasts > 100,000 t(9;22) philadelphia chromo. |
|
|
four good prognosis factors in ALL?
|
aged 2 to 10
low white count early pre-B phenotype hyperploidy or t(12;21) |
