Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
3 points of luminal narrowing
|
cricoid cartilage
arotic arch+L Bronchus diaphragm |
|
|
Ectopic Tissue Rests
|
made up of Gastric type Mucosa, subaceous glands, or pancreatic tissue
benign |
|
|
Congenital Cyst
|
found in lower esophagus most of the time
2 types: bronchodenic pulmonary sequestration |
|
|
Esophageal Atresia
Most common Type? |
Part of esophagus fails to develop
can occur alone or with a fistula Most common type: Type C Blind upper pouch Lower patch fistula with trachea |
|
|
Esophageal web
|
Most common in upper esophagus
Ledgelike protrusions of mucosa which extend into esophagus lumen |
|
|
Plummer Vinson Syndrome
increased risk for? |
Upper esophageal web
+iron deficiency anemia +glossitis - inflamed tongue +cheliosis - swollen, cracked, inflamed lips increased risk for esophageal cancer |
|
|
Esophagus Rings
A-Ring B-Ring |
Concentric plates of tissue protrude into esophagus lumen
A-Ring - above GastroEsoph Junction B-ring - occurs at GastroEsoph junction (schatzki Ring) |
|
|
Achalasia
3 abnormalities |
Aperistalsis
Incomplete relaxation of LES when swallowing Increased resting tone of LES |
|
|
Achalasia
Clinical characteristics |
young adults
progressive dysphagia (solids>liquids) nocturnal regurgitation association with Chagas disease dmg to esophageal inhibitory neurons |
|
|
hiatal hernia
|
widening orifice of diaphragm allowing movement of esophagus
Axial: most common Nonaxial: paraesophageal |
|
|
Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
|
Longitudenal tears found at GE junction or proximal gastric mucosa due to vomiting
alcoholics or eating disorders bleeding |
|
|
Esophageal Varicies
|
dilated tortues veins in submucosa caused by portal hypertension
due to alcoholic cirrhosis hepatic schistosomiasis |
|
|
Reflux Esophagitis (GERD)
3 morphologic characterstics |
inflammation
basal zone hyperplasia elongation of the lamina propria papillae |
|
|
Reflux Esophagitis (GERD)
Clinical Features complications |
adults >40
heartburn, dysphagia, regurgitation of sour brash reflux symptoms can occur without histological change complications: ucleration bleeding strictures barrett esophagus |
|
|
Barret Esophagus
|
distal squamous mucosa of esophagus replaced by metaplastic columnar epithelium with goblet cells
most important risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma two types: short segment < 3cm long segment > 3cm |
|
|
Benign Esophageal Tumor
Most Common |
Leiomyomas
|
|
|
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Esophagus
|
3 types of morphology
Protruded - exophyric, polypoid Flat - diffuse, infiltrative Excavated - ulcerated necrotic mass histology: squamous cells in desmoplastic stroma, keratin perals |
|
|
Adenocarcinoma of Esophagus
|
most common esophageal cancer in the US
etiology/risk factor: most arise with Barret esophagus, tobacco exposure, obesity NO ASSOCIATION WITH ALCOHOL histology: infiltrating dysplastic gland |
