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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The ability of the body to defend itself against infectious agents, foreign cells, and abnormal body cells...
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Immunity
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2 types of Immunity...
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Specific and Non-Specific
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White blood cells...
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leukocytes
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(cell eating) Leukocytes engulf and digest bacteria or other material
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phagocytosis
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a type of leukocyte that recognizes body cells with abnormal membranes and destroys them by secreting a protien that kills the membrane...
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Natural Killer Cells
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a group of substances that stimulate the immune system and interfere with viral multiplication...
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Interferon
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Immunity that is present at birth...
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non-specific immunity
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Immunity that is acquired...develops in response to contact with that agent...
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specific immunity
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increased amount of blood to damaged tissue duringinflammation...
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hyperemia
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specialized leukocytes that engulf cell debris in injured tissues...speeding up healing and defending the body against microorganisms
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Neutrophils
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damaged tissue releases _________ that causes the capillary walls to become more permeable
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histamine
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increased permeability from release of histamine enables WBCs to move into the site of inflammation...this is called...
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chemotaxis
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Name for exudate in tissues causing swelling associated with inflammation...
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inflammatory exudate
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excessive production of WBCs is called...
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leukocytosis
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Other phagocytic WBCs that follow neitrophils in clearing debris...
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Monocytes and Macrophages
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Plasma protien found in inflammatory exudate essential for the blood-clotting mechanism...forms a clot to wall off infection..preventing spreading...
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fibrin
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bacteria that cause pus formation...
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pyogenic
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inflammation assocaited with pus formation...
Exp are abcesses boils and styes |
suppurative inflammation
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A type of connective tissue cell that produces collagen fibers during fibrosis...
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fibroblasts
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Colagen fibers sometimes anchor together adjacent structures causing...
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adhesions
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Specific Immunity is connectedto the body via the...
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lymphatic system
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the lymphatic system includes a network of...
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lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphoid organs
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Fluid left behind in the tissues that must be returned to the bloodstream...
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lymph
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A WBC produced by lymphnodes that responds to bacteria, viruses, and foreign material in lymph...
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lymphocytes
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The foreign element that triggers the immune response
and is often a protien from microorganisms... |
antigen
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Specific Immunity against antigens includes what 2 types of immunity?
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Humoral and Cell-mediated
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2 types of Lymphocytes that provide immunity...
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T and B lymphocytes
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The lymphocytes formed by the thymus gland and are responsible for cell-mediatedimmunity...
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T Lymphocytes
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Lymphocytes responsible for humoral immunity...
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B lymphocytes
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Some B lymphocytes are transformed into _____ which divide and produce antibodies.
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plasma cells
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Antibodies are plasma protiens which are gamma globulins called...
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immunoglobulins
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B lymphocytes responsible for more rapid antibody response during exposures to same antigen...
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Memory cells
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4 types of T lymphocytes
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cytotoxic or CD8
helper or CD4 memory T suppressor |
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Abnormal sensitivity to allergens is due to overproduction of which immunoglobulin?
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IgE
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IgE attaches one end of cell to allergens and the other to...
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basophils and mast cells
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Mast cells are found in connective tissue and contain the chemicals...
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heperin, serotonin, bradykinin,, prostaglandin, and histamine
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Cross-matching for a blood transfusion mustmatch blood type and...
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Rh factor
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Tissue graft in which they are transplanted from one site to anotheron the same patient...
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autograph
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Tissues donated by an identical twin for a graft...
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isograft
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Tissue grafts harvested from a diff animal species...
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Xenograft
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Most common graft type...tissue is transplanted from one person to another...
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allograft
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This occurs when we develop antibodies called autoantibodies to our own tissue...
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autoimmunity
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Chronic inflammatory disease that can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, joints, heart, lungs, blood, kidneys, and brain...
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Lupus
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4 types of Lupus...
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Systemic
Discoid Drug induced Neonatal |
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70% of people with Lupus have what type?
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SLE-Systemic Lupus Erythema
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Common signs and symptoms of SLE?
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arthritis, low-grade fever, butterfly rach over cheeks, widespread rash, fatigue, photosensitivity, hairloss, Raynauds, half have organ threatening disease
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Type of Lupus limited to the skin, identified by rash onthe face,neck, or scalp.
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Discoid, also called cutaneous Lupus
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Lupus type brought on by drug use..signs are similar to SLE and go away days or monthsafter stopping the drug.
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DILE-Drug Induced Lupus Erythema
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Rare Lupus acquired from passage of maternal antibodies, is associated with a rach appearing shortly after birth and disapearing around 6 months.
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Neonatal Lupus
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Autoimmune diseaseof the connective tissue characterized by fromation of scar tissue and the skin and organs.
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Scleroderma
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2 major classes of Scleroderma?
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Localized and systemic
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2 types of localized scleroderma?
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Morphea and Linear
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2 types of systemic scleroderma?
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Limited cutaneous Scleroderma and Diffuse Cutaneous Scleroderma
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Chronic autoimmune disease of glands and other tissues..can affect the entire body, common Sx are dry eyes, mouth, skin, and vaginal dryness.
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Sjogren's Syndrome
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One of the most deadly diseases to affect todays population?
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AIDS
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Now pandemic immunodeficiency disease that destroys the immune system making people suscaptible to infection...noted in early 1980s...
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
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The causative agent of AIDS...
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HIV-Human Immunodificiency Virus
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A retrovirus transmitted via body fluids that causes AIDS...
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HIV
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What 2 types of artificial immunity can be administered?
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Active and Passive
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Type of artificial immunity in which the person recieves a vaccine or toxoid as the antigen and they form antibodies...
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Active immunity
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A suspension of whole organisms or pieces of organisms that is used to induce immunity...
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Vaccine
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Substance consisting of a chemicallyaltered toxinthat will not induce the disease but will stimulate the immune response...
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Toxoid
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Doses of preformed antibodies from immune serum of an animal...usually a horse..helps create what immunity?
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Passive Immunity
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Hormone that decreases production of antibodies that stimulate other cells of the immune system...
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Cortisol
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What causes an increased production of Cortisol?
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Stress
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