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428 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What kind of brain injury is a stroke?
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atramatic injury
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What are two (2)of brain injuries?
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(1)atramuatic (2)traumatic
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What is the differ btwn atramautic and tramatic brain injury?
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(1)atramatic brain damage is caused by interfernece w oxygen reaching the brain (2)traumatic brian injury is caused by an outside force that impacts the head hard enough to cause brain injury
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What is an atramtic brain injury?
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is brain damage that is caused by interference w oxygen reaching the brain
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NAME
this is a brain injury caysed by interference w oxygen reaching the brain |
atramatic brain injury
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What is a traumatic brain injury?
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is brain injury caused by an outside force that impacts the brain hard enough to cause injury
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NAME
this is a brain injury caused by an outside force that impacts the brain hard enough to cause injury |
traumatic brain injury
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Stroke is an example of a (1)type of brain injury
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atraumatic
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Both atramuatic and tramatic brain injuries are considered (1)injuries
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acquried brain
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Whay are both atramuatic and tramatic brain injuries considered to be acquired brain injuries?
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bc they occur after birth
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What is the differ btwn anoxia and hyoxia?
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(1)anoxia-is when the brain recieves to little O2 (2)hypoxia-is when the brain receives to little O2
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Stroke are also called (1)
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cerebral vascular accident
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(1)are also called cerebral vascular acciddent
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stroke
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What is a stroke?
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is a sudden alteration in the brain function bc of lack of O2 resulting in weakness or paralysis in a body part as well as other neurological deficits due to decreased blood flow to a part of the brain
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NAME
this is a sudden altercation in the brain function bc of lack of O2 resulting in weakness or paralysis in a body part as well as other neurological deficits due to decreased blood flow to a part of the brain |
stroke
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Stroke is usally a (1)disease
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progressive disease
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What are (3)diseases that are often associated w stroke?
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(1)heart disease (2)hypertension (3)diabtes
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NAME
this is often associated w heart disease, hypertension, and diabtes |
stroke
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What is the most common cuase of a stroke?
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thrombus
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NAME
this is the most commmon cause of a stroke |
thrombus
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Thrombus is the most common cause of (1)
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stroke
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What is thrombus?
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is a clot in the cerebral artery that blocks blood flow to the an area of the brain
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NAME
this when there is a clot in the cerebral artery that blocks blood flow to an area of the brain |
thrombus
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What is infarct?
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tissue death
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NAME
this is tissue death |
infarct
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What is an embolism?
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this is when a clot forms in another part of the body, breaks off, traveling through the blood to the brain and lodging in one of the cerebral arteries blocking blood flow to the brain
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NAME
this is when a clot forms in another part of the body, breaking off and traveling through the blood to the brain, and lodging in one of the cerebral arteries--thus blocking blood flow to the brain |
embolism
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What is hypertension?
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high blood pressure
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NAME
this refers to high blood pressure |
hypertension
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What is a common cause of hemorrhage?
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hypertension
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Hypertension is a common cause of (1)
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hemorrhage
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NAME
this is a common cause hemorrhage |
hypertension
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What are (3) causes of stroke?
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(1)thrombus (2)embolism (3)hemorrhage
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NAME
this has three causes: thrombus, embolism, and hemorrhage |
stroke
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T or F
sometimes indivudals expereincing a stroke may not know the extent of permanent functional limitations until months after they have occured |
true
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What does TIAs stand for?
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transient ischemic attacks
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What is TIAs?
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is the temporary blocking of the cerebral arteries that causes slight temporary neurological deficits
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NAME
this is the temporary blocking of the cerebral arteries that cuases the slight temporary neurological deficits |
TIAs
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NAME
this is one of the most common disabling neurological diseases in young adults |
MS
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What does MS stand for ?
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multiple sclerosis
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What is MS?
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is a multifaceted, progressive condition of the central nervous system w myraid physical and psycholigcal consquences
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NAME
this a multifacted, progressive condition of the CNS w myraid physical and psycholigcal consqunces |
MS
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MS is belived to be a (1)condition
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autoimmune
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NAME
this is believed to be an autoimmune condition |
MS
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Explain how the MS is an autoimmune condition?
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is when the body's immune system attacks segments of myelin
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NAME
this is a autoimmine condition in which the body's immune system attacks segments of myelin |
MS
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What is myelin?
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is a protective sheath that surrounds and insulates message carrying nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord
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NAME
this is a protective sheath that surrounds and insulates message carrying nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord |
myelin
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What is sclerosis?
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occurs when myelin surrounding nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord are destroyed and the scar tissue that replaces the areas of myelin that have been destroyed interferes w the transmission nerve impulses causing neurological deficits
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NAME
this occurs when myelin surrounding nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord are destroyed and the scar tissue that replaces the areas of myelin that have been destroyed interferes w the transmission of nerve impulses causing neurological deficits |
sclerosis
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What cuases MS?
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the cause is unkown
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T or F
the cause of MS is known |
false
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What kind of people are more at risk for MS? (3)
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inviduals w North European heritages and (2)those living in more temperate climates appearing to be more susceptible (3)young adults btwn the ages of 20 and 40 and women
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NAME
these inviudals w North European heritages and those living in more temperate climates appear to be more suspectble to this disease and young adults btwn the ages of 20 and 40 (mostly women) |
MS
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Explain how people get MS
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appears to be a interaction of genetic predisposition w environmental factors or exposure to a viruses predisposes individuals to develop the condition
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What are the symptoms for MS?
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are diverse and unpredictable, appearing in varying combinations and patterns
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NAME
people w this disease have symptoms that are diverse and unpredictable appearing in varying combinations and pattern |
MS
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What are the most common symptoms of MS? (3)
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(1)dizziness (2)sensory distrubances including numbness and weakness esp of the lower extermeties (3)unsteadiness (4)viusal probelms or poor bowel and bladder control
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NAME
the most common symptoms of this disease include dizziness, sensory distrubances including numbness and weakness esp of the lower extermeties, unsteadiness, and visual problems or poor bowel and bladder control |
MS
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What is exacerbation?
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is when symptoms become worse at times
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NAME
this refers to when symptoms become worse at times |
exacerabtion
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What is paraesthesia?
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is the sensation of numbness or tingling in some part of the body
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NAME
this is the sensation of numbness or tingling in some part of the body |
paraesthesia
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What is diplopia?
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D for double vision
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NAME
this means double vision |
diplopia
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What is vertigo?
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is dizziness or false sensation of circular movement
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NAME
this is a dizzness or false sensation of circular movement |
vertigo
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What is ataxia?
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refers to difficulty w coordination and balance
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NAME
this refers to difficulty w corrdination and balance |
ataxia
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What is the intention tremor?
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is a particular tremor of the hands that may be present when the indivudal tries to engage in a purposeful activity such as reaching for a glass
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What are the symptoms for MS like throughout the disease process?
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are diverse and unpredictable, appearing in varying combinations and patterns
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NAME
people w this disease have symptoms that are diverse and unpredictable appearing in varying combinations and pattern |
MS
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What are the most common symptoms of MS? (3)
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(1)dizziness (2)sensory distrubances including numbness and weakness esp of the lower extermeties (3)unsteadiness (4)viusal probelms or poor bowel and bladder control
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NAME
the most common symptoms of this disease include dizziness, sensory distrubances including numbness and weakness esp of the lower extermeties, unsteadiness, and visual problems or poor bowel and bladder control |
MS
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What is exacerbation?
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is when symptoms become worse at times
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NAME
this refers to when symptoms become worse at times |
exacerabtion
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What is paraesthesia?
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is the sensation of numbness or tingling in some part of the body
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NAME
this is the sensation of numbness or tingling in some part of the body |
paraesthesia
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What is diplopia?
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D for double vision
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NAME
this means double vision |
diplopia
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What is vertigo?
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is dizziness or false sensation of circular movement
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NAME
this is a dizzness or false sensation of circular movement |
vertigo
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What is ataxia?
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refers to difficulty w coordination and balance
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NAME
this refers to difficulty w corrdination and balance |
ataxia
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What are the psycgosocial issue of MS? (5)
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is a particular tremor of the hands that may be present when the indivudal tries to engage in a purposeful activity such as reaching for a glass (2)manytimes doctors have not known what they have so there is releieve knowing that what they have and may feel disbelieve and shock (3)bc of fatique, people may not understand and call them lazy (4)bladder problems can result in embrassment (5)may withdraw from social and work activities
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What is an intention tremor?
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is a tremor of the hands that usally occurs only when the person purposefuly tries to engage in a activity such as reaching for a glass of water
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NAME
this is a tremor of the hands that usally occurs when the person tries to engage in an activity such as reaching for a glass of water |
intention tremor
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What is dysphagia?
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is trouble swallowing
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NAME
this refers to trouble swallowing |
dysphagia
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How is MS treated? (7)
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(1)there is no cure so treatments work more on controlling invdivudal symptoms and preventing exacerbations and complications (2)medications for bladder managment (3)cholinergic medications (4)relaxants (5)steriods to supress symptoms (6)antianxiety agents and antidepressants (7)physical and speech therapy
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How is MS treated? (7)
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(1)there is no cure so treatments work more on controlling invdivudal symptoms and preventing exacerbations and complications (2)medications for bladder managment (3)cholinergic medications (4)relaxants (5)steriods to supress symptoms (6)antianxiety agents and antidepressants (7)physical and speech therapy
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How is MS treated? (7)
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(1)there is no cure so treatments work more on controlling invdivudal symptoms and preventing exacerbations and complications (2)medications for bladder managment (3)cholinergic medications (4)relaxants (5)steriods to supress symptoms (6)antianxiety agents and antidepressants (7)physical and speech therapy
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People w MS can have (1)
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intention tremors
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People w MS usally have (1)
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MS tremors
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What are some vactional issues associated w MS? (6)
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(1)they usally experience problems w employment or underemployment (2)mobility, communication, visiion, and cogintive function are common areas that need to be addressed (3)fatigue easily so that may be a problem need a more flexible schedule so that they can take breaks (4)inviducals w balance problems should avoid situations in which falling could be hazardous or use a walking aid (5)Bc heat also affects symptoms, inviduals should avoid hot and humid environments and long periods of exposure to the sun(6)may experience loss of time at work during exacerbatiosn
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What are some vactional issues associated w MS? (6)
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(1)they usally experience problems w employment or underemployment (2)mobility, communication, visiion, and cogintive function are common areas that need to be addressed (3)fatigue easily so that may be a problem need a more flexible schedule so that they can take breaks (4)inviducals w balance
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What are some vactional issues associated w MS? (6)
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(1)they usally experience problems w employment or underemployment (2)mobility, communication, visiion, and cogintive function are common areas that need to be addressed (3)fatigue easily so that may be a problem need a more flexible schedule so that they can take breaks (4)inviducals w balance
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What is Schizpohrenia?
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is a chronic life long mental condition characterized by distoration of reality and disturbances of thought, speech, and behavior
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NAME
this is a chronic life long condition charcterized by distoration of reality and distrubances of though, speech, and behavior |
Schizophrenia
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What are (2)types of symtpoms?
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(1)postive and (2)negative
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What are postive symptoms?
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refers to things that have been added to the indivudal bc of the disease
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NAME
this refers to things that have been added to the indivudal bc of the condition |
postive symptoms
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What are negative symptoms?
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are things that been take away from indivudal bc of the disease
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NAME
these are things that have been taken away from the indivudal bc of the condition |
negative symptoms
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What is the differ btwn negative and postive symptoms?
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(1)postive symptoms- are things that have been added to the person bc of the condition (2)negative conditions=are things that have been taken away from the indvidual bc of the condition
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What are some specfic symptoms of sczhiphrenia? (4)
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(1)psychotic symptotms including delusions (such as believing that their thoughts are being controled and hallucinations (2)disorders of thought (30flattening affect (4)disorganized speech and/or behavior
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NAME
the specific symptoms of this disease include psychotic symptoms including delusions and/or hallucinations, disorders of thought, flattening affect, and disorganized speech and/or behavior |
schizophrenia
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What contributes to a person getting schizophrenia?
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it appears that multiple gentic and evironmental factors contribute to disturbances in brain function
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The first epsidode of schizophrenia usally occurs in (1)
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adloscence or young adults
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the (1)episode of schizophrenia usally occurs in adolscnce or young adults
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first
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What are delusions?
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are false beliefs
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NAME
these are false beliefs |
delusions
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What is poverty of speech?
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in when words spoken convey little meaning
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NAME
this is when words spoken convey little meaning |
poverty of speech
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What is flat affect?
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is when indivudals showing little emotional responsivness
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NAME
this is when inviduals showing little emotional responsivness |
flat affect
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What are the different subtypes of schizophrenia?
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(1)paranoid type (2)disorganized type (3)catatonic type (4)undifferentiated type (5)residual type
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NAME
this has 5 different subtypes: paranoid type, disorganized type, catatonic type, undifferentiated type,and residual type |
schiziophrenia
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What is the disorganized type of schizophrenia?
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is characterized by incohernece of speech, loosening of associations, grossly disorganized behavior, and flat or inappropriate affect
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NAME
this is characterized by incohernece of speech, lossening of assocation, grossly disorganized behavior, and flat or inappropriate effect |
disorganized schizophrenia
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What is the catatonic type of schizophrenia?
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includes psychomotor behavior that is either agiated or so retarted that the invidual appears to be in a stupor
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NAME
this includes psychomotor behavior that is either agiated or so retarded that the invidual appears to be in a stupor |
catatonic type of schizophrenia
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What is the paranoid type of schizophrenia?
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is characertized by persectuory or grandisoe delusions that are often supported by hallucinations
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NAME
this is characterized by persecturary or grandiulse delusions that often supported by hallucinations |
paranoid type of sczhiophrenia
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What is the undifferentiated type of schizophrenia?
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these individuals have prominent psychotic symptoms but the symptoms do not fall into a specific category of szchizophrenia
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NAME
these invudals have preominent psychotic symptoms but the symptoms do not fall into a specfic category of sczhiophrenia |
undifferentiated type of schizophrenia
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What is the residual type of schizophrenia?
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is when indivudals
experience at least one schizophrenia episode in the past but show no current prominent psychotic symptoms although some residual signs may remain |
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NAME
this is when is when individuals experience at least one schizophrenia episode in the past but show no current prominent psychotic symptoms although some residual signs may remain |
residual type of schizophrenia
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What are some functional issue of shizophrenia? (2)
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(1)impairs personal and social functioning (2)many indviudals are able to maintaing employment after the psychosis has been resolved depending on the success of the treatment
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How is Schizophrenia treated? (2)
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(1)there is not cure (2)treatment is directed toward reducing and/or controlling symptoms through antipsychotic medications which reduce the psychotic symptoms and help the invidual to function better
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What are some psychosocial issues of schizophrenia? (4)
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(1)can experience a social stigma and isolation (2)disruption of daily life and future goals (3)finical burden (4)are high risk for substance dependence and abuse, suicide attempts, and homelessness
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What are some psychosocial issues of schizophrenia? (4)
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(1)can experience a social stigma and isolation (2)disruption of daily life and future goals (3)finical burden (4)are high risk for substance dependence and abuse, suicide attempts, and homelessness
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What are some psychosocial issues of schizophrenia? (4)
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(1)can experience a social stigma and isolation (2)disruption of daily life and future goals (3)finical burden (4)are high risk for substance dependence and abuse, suicide attempts, and homelessness
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What are some vocational issues in schizophrenia?(3)
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(1)bc first symptoms are in young adulthood and carrer and skill building are major tasks (2)diffucility w social skills (3)may need extensive job training and training in problem solving, money managment and the use of the pubilic transportation and social skills
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What are some vocational issues in schizophrenia?(3)
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(1)bc first symptoms are in young adulthood and carrer and skill building are major tasks (2)diffucility w social skills (3)may need extensive job training and training in problem solving, money managment and the use of the pubilic transportation and social skills
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What are some vocational issues in schizophrenia?(3)
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(1)bc first symptoms are in young adulthood and carrer and skill building are major tasks (2)diffucility w social skills (3)may need extensive job training and training in problem solving, money managment and the use of the pubilic transportation and social skills
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There is a tendency to show that (1)are more affected by alcholol than (2)
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(1)women (2)men
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Who are more affected by alcholol, men or women?
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women
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How does alcohol act? (3)
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intially stimulant bc it supresses the CNS' inhibitory system (2)it also has a sedative effect causing motor incoordination, axtaxia, and impairted pscyhomotor (3)it also depresses the CNS
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NAME
this initially acts as a stimulant bc it supressses the CNS's inhbitory system |
alcholol
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How does alcohol act? (3)
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intially stimulant bc it supresses the CNS' inhibitory system (2)it also has a sedative effect causing motor incoordination, axtaxia, and impairted pscyhomotor (3)it also depresses the CNS
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How does alcohol act? (3)
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intially stimulant bc it supresses the CNS' inhibitory system (2)it also has a sedative effect causing motor incoordination, axtaxia, and impaired pscyhomotor (3)it also depresses the CNS
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NAME
this substance also has a sedative effect causing motor incoordination, axtaxia, and impaired psychmotor and depresses the CNS |
alcholol
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How long does it take for a moderate does of alcholol to clear from the blood?
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1 hour
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How long does it take for a moderate does of alcholol to clear from the blood?
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1 hour
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What is ataxia?
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is defefective coordination of muscles
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NAME
this is defective coordination of muscles |
ataxia
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What are some harmful affects of short term aclohol use? (8)
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(1)impaired judgement (2)confusion (3)mild stupor (4)coma (5)death (6)blackouts (7)motor incoordination (8)ataxia
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What are some harmful affects of short term aclohol use? (8)
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(1)impaired judgement (2)confusion (3)mild stupor (4)coma (5)death (6)blackouts (7)motor incoordination (8)ataxia
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What level of blood alcholol level lead to death?
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.51 or higher
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Why can alcohol withdrawl be complicated?(2)
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bc it can result in (1)seizures (2)delirium
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What is a delirium like for people who withdrawl from alcohol?
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they experience significant restlessness, gross disorientation, cognitive disruption, and elevation of temperature and pulse rate
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NAME
alcholols, during these experience significant restlessness, gross disorientation, cognitive disruption, and elevation of temperature and pulse rate |
delirium
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How is alcohol dependence treated? (2)
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it is a chronic life-long disorder that requires long-term treatments beyond detox (2)involves a wide variety of treatments including individual, group, and family help such as from AA
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How does alcohol affect the body?
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it affects each and every system of the body
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NAME
this is substance affects each and every system of the body |
alcoholol
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How does alcohol affect the nervous system?
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it can cause (1)korsakoff's syndrome (2)Wernicke's disease (3)peripheral neuropathy
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NAME
this substance can affect the nervous system by causing Korsakoff's syndrome, Wernicke's disease, and peripheral neuropathy |
alcohol
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What causes Korsakoff's syndrome?
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chronic malnutrition and deficiency of the B vitamins
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alcohol can cause (1)
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malnutrition and deficiency of the B vitamins
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NAME
chronic abuse of this substance can cause malnutrition and vitamin B deficiencies |
Alcohol
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What is Korsakoff's snydrome?
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is characterized by gross disturbances in forming new memories and the indivdual may use confabuation to fill in memory gaps
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NAME
this characterized by gross disturbances in forming new memories and the invidual may use confabuation to fill the memory gaps |
Korsakoff's syndrome
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Korsakoff's syndrome, Wernicke;s disease, and peripheral neuropathy can be caused by (1)
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malnaturtion and vitamin B deficiencies caused by chronic alcohol abuse
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Korsakoff's syndrome, Wernicke;s disease, and peripheral neuropathy can be caused by (1)
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malnaturtion and vitamin B deficiencies caused by chronic alcohol abuse
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What is Wernicke's disease?
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is characterized by the sudden onset of confusion, double vision and difficulty w balance
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NAME
this is charaxterized by the sudden onset of confusion, double vision, and difficulty w balance |
Wernicke's disease
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Wernicke's disease is uslly related to (1)deficiency
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thiamine
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Wernicke's disease often occurs in combination w (1)
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Kirsakoff's syndrome
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(1)is often occurs in combination w Kirsakoff's syndrome
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Wernicke's
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Wernicke's disease is also called (1)
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wernicke's encephalopathy
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(1)is also called Wernicke's encephalopathy
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Wernicke's disease
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What is peripheral neuropathy?
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symptoms include numbness, painful sensations, weakness, and muscle cramps and burning pain of the feet may also occur
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NAME
symptoms of this disease include numbness, painful sensations, weakness, and muscle cramps and burning pain of the feet may also occur |
peripheral neuropathy
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How does alcohol affect the heart?(4)
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can cause (1)cardiomegaly(2)Beriberi Heart disease (3)can affect both the speed at which the heart beats and its rhythm (4)blood pressure
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NAME
this can cause cardiomegaly, beriberi heart disease, the speed at which the heart beats and its rhythm, and blood pressure |
alcohol
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What is cardiomegaly?
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refers to enlarged heart that becomes fibrous and the heart can not pump as well
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NAME
this refers to a condition that causes the heart to enlarge and more fibrous. Because of the fibrous tissue, the heart does not pump as well |
cardiomegaly
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What is Beriberi heart disease?
|
is a disease that is believed to be caused by a deificeincy of thiamine and individuals w this disease have a high cardiac output
|
|
|
NAME
this is a disease that is believed to be caused by a deficiency of thiamine and individuals w this disease have a high cardiac output |
Beriberi heart disease
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How does alcohol affect the blood?
|
it affects the development of red blood cells, white blood cells, and plateltes resulting in anemia, lower resistance to infection, and interfernce w blood clotting
|
|
|
How does alcohol affect the blood?
|
it affects the development of red blood cells, white blood cells, and plateltes resulting in anemia, lower resistance to infection, and interfernce w blood clotting
|
|
|
What are (3)types of anemia that alcohol can cause?
|
(1)megaloblastic anemia (2)leukopenia (3)thrombocyopenia
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|
How does alcohol affect the heart?(4)
|
can cause (1)cardiomegaly(2)Beriberi Heart disease (3)can affect both the speed at which the heart beats and its rhythm (4)blood pressure
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|
How does alcohol affect the heart?(4)
|
can cause (1)cardiomegaly(2)Beriberi Heart disease (3)can affect both the speed at which the heart beats and its rhythm (4)blood pressure
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|
What are (3)types of anemia that alcohol can cause?
|
(1)megaloblastic anemia (2)leukopenia (3)thrombocyopenia
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What is megaloblastic anemia?
|
is the presnece of large abnormal red blood cells
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|
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NAME
this is the presence of large abnormal red blood cells |
megaloblastic anemia
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|
What is leukopenia?
|
is an abnormal decrease in the number of white blood cells
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|
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NAME
this is an abnormal decrease in the number abnormal white blood cells |
leukopenia
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|
What is thrombocyopenia?
|
is an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets
|
|
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NAME
this an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets |
thrombocyopenia
|
|
|
How does alcohol affect the respiratory system?
|
individuals who abuse alcohol have a greater chance of developing lung cancer because they smoke
|
|
|
How does alcohol affect the musculoskeletal system?
|
(1)myopathy (2)atrophy (3)osteoporosis
|
|
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NAME
this can cause myopathy, atrophy, and osteoporosis |
musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
What is myopathy?
|
is a diseaes of the muscles that destroys muscle fibers leading to weakness, pain, tenderness, and swelling of the affected muscles
|
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NAME
this is a disease of the muscles that destroys muscle fibers leading to weakness, pain, tenderness, and swelling of the affected muscles |
myopathy
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|
What is atropy?
|
is when the muscles waste away
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NAME
this is when muscles waste away |
atrophy
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|
What is osteoporosis?
|
this is a reduction in bone mass causing bones to become weakened, fragile, and easily broken
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NAME
this is a reduction in bone mass causing bones to become weakened, fragile, and easily broken |
osteoporosis
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|
How does alcohol affect the GI tract?
|
(1)increased risk of cancer of the throat and esophagus (2)liver disease (3)esophagel veins (4)alcoholic hepatitis (5)cirohosis (6)pacnreatisi
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|
|
NAME
this can cause increased risk of cancer of the throat and esophagus and liver disease |
alcohol
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|
What is a hepatoxin?
|
is a substance that is harmful to the liver
|
|
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NAME
this is a substance that is harmful to the liver |
hepatotoxin
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|
Alcohol is a (1)
|
hepatotoxin
|
|
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NAME
this is a example of a hepatotoxin |
Alcohol
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|
What is esophageal varices?
|
is when the veins of the esophagus become dilated and twisted
|
|
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NAME
this is when the veins of the esophagus become dilated and twisted |
esophagel varices
|
|
|
What is alcoholic hepatitis?
|
is inflammation of the liver caused by accumulation of fat on the liver bc of chronic alcohol abuse
|
|
|
NAME
this is a inflammation of the liver caused by the accumulation of fat on the liver bc of chronic alcholol abuse |
alchololic hepatitis
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|
|
What are some symptoms of cirrhosis of the liver?(2)
|
(1)splenomeegaly (2)jaundice
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|
|
How can alcohol affect the reproductive system?(3)
|
(1)can lower the levels of testosterone causing decreased libido and sometimes impotence (2)increases levels of epinephrine and other horomes (3)can cause alcohol fetal alcohol syndrome
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|
|
How can alcohol affect the reproductive system?(3)
|
(1)can lower the levels of testosterone causing decreased libido and sometimes impotence (2)increases levels of epinephrine and other horomes (3)can cause alcohol fetal alcohol syndrome
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|
|
How can alcohol affect the reproductive system?(3)
|
(1)can lower the levels of testosterone causing decreased libido and sometimes impotence (2)increases levels of epinephrine and other horomes (3)can cause alcohol fetal alcohol syndrome
|
|
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What is microcephaly?
|
is abnormal smallness of the head
|
|
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NAME
this abnormal smallness of the head |
microcephaly
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What is fetal alcohol syndrome?(5)
|
characterized by prenatal and postnatal (1)growth retradation (2)micocephaly (3)abnormalilites in the nervous system and facial disfiguration (4)musculoskeletal and cardaic abnormalitlies
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What is fetal alcohol syndrome?(5)
|
characterized by prenatal and postnatal (1)growth retradation (2)micocephaly (3)abnormalilites in the nervous system and facial disfiguration (4)musculoskeletal and cardaic abnormalitlies
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|
|
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?(5)
|
characterized by prenatal and postnatal (1)growth retradation (2)micocephaly (3)abnormalilites in the nervous system and facial disfiguration (4)mental retradation (5)musculoskeletal and cardaic abnormalitlies
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|
|
NAME
this is characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, micocephaly, abnormalites in the nervous sytem and facial disfirguation, mental retardation, and muscluoskeltal and cardaic abnormalities |
fetal alcholol syndrome
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Who does sickle cell disease occur in for the most part?
|
is a herdityory condition that occurs primary in indivudals of black African descent but can also occur in those w Mediterranena ancersty
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NAME
this is a heridory condition that occurs primarly in indivudals of black African descent but can also occur in those w mediterranena ancestroy |
sickle cell disease
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What is hemoglobin A?
|
refers to normal hemoglobin
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|
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NAME
this refers to normal hemoglobin |
hemoglobin A
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What is hemoglobin S/
|
refers to abnormal hemoglobin that is protective against melaria
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NAME
this refers to abnormal hemoglobin that is protective against melaria |
hemoglobin S
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What is sickle cell trait?
|
refers to inviduals that are carriers of the abnormal gene
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|
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NAME
this refers to the individuals that are carriers of the abnormal gene |
sickle cell trait
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|
What is sickle cell anemia?
|
is the most severe form of sickle cell disease and is charcaterized by lifelong hemolytic anemia and a wide variety of painful and debilitating vasocclusive e
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NAME
this is the most severe form of sickle cell disease and is characterized by lifelong hemoyltic anemia and a wide variety of painful and debiliating vasocclusive events |
sickle cell anemia
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|
What is are the hemoglobin S so bad? (3)
|
bc they become stacked (2)this causes red blood cells to become deformed so that they become a crescent or sickle shape (3)which prevents the blood cells from geting through blood vessels
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What is are the hemoglobin S so bad? (3)
|
bc they become stacked (2)this causes red blood cells to become deformed so that they become a crescent or sickle shape (3)which prevents the blood cells from geting through blood vessels
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What are the symptoms of the sickle cell anemia?(8)
|
(1)symptoms are unpredictable from mild to severe (2)can have sickle cell crisis (3)tissue death (4)heart problems including heart attack and stroke (5)chronic organ damage such as enlarged spleen (6)cardiomegaly (7)fatiue and diffuclty breathing (8)retinopathy
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|
|
What are the symptoms of the sickle cell anemia?(8)
|
(1)symptoms are unpredictable from mild to severe (2)can have sickle cell crisis (3)tissue death (4)heart problems including heart attack and stroke (5)chronic organ damage such as enlarged spleen (6)cardiomegaly (7)fatiue and diffuclty breathing (8)retinopathy
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What are the symptoms of the sickle cell anemia?(8)
|
(1)symptoms are unpredictable from mild to severe (2)can have sickle cell crisis (3)tissue death (4)heart problems including heart attack and stroke (5)chronic organ damage such as enlarged spleen (6)cardiomegaly (7)fatiue and diffuclty breathing (8)retinopathy
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|
|
What is a sickle cell crisis?
|
this is a manifestation of sickle cell diseaes that occurs when the blood flow to a body part becomes obstructed by rigid sickled red cells
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|
|
NAME
this is a manifestation of sickel cell disease that occurs when the blood flow to a body part becomes obstructed by rigid sickled red cells |
sickle cell crisis
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|
What is retinopathy?
|
this is when there is damage to vessels in the retina eye results in diminished vision and possible retinal detachment
|
|
|
NAME
this is when there is damage to vessels in the retina eye results in diminished vision and possible retinal detatchment |
retionpathy
|
|
|
How is sickle cell disease?
|
is diagnosed through blood tests
|
|
|
How is sickle cell disease treated?(4)
|
(1)is a chronic lifelong disease w/out a cure (2) preventive care such as good nutrition and adequate fluid intake (3)some patients are given hydroxyuera (4)hospitlization during crisis treatments
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|
|
How is sickle cell disease treated?(4)
|
(1)is a chronic lifelong disease w/out a cure (2) preventive care such as good nutrition and adequate fluid intake (3)some patients are given hydroxyuera (4)hospitlization during crisis treatments
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What are the psychosocial issues associated sickle cell disease?(4)
|
(1)starts in childhood so individuals struggle to maintain a normal life and minimize their difference from their peers (2)bc its a hereditary disease, parents may experience guilt or fear of their loss of their child and become overprotective--thus promoting abnormal dependence in the child (3)the child may learn maladaptive behaviors to get attention (4)adds stress bc the disease is unpredictably never know when going to have another crisis that could result in organ damage
|
|
|
What are the psychosocial issues associated sickle cell disease?(4)
|
(1)starts in childhood so individuals struggle to maintain a normal life and minimize their difference from their peers (2)bc its a hereditary disease, parents may experience guilt or fear of their loss of their child and become overprotective--thus promoting abnormal dependence in the child (3)the child may learn maladaptive behaviors to get attention (4)adds stress bc the disease is unpredictably never know when going to have another crisis that could result in organ damage
|
|
|
What are the psychosocial issues associated sickle cell disease?(4)
|
(1)starts in childhood so individuals struggle to maintain a normal life and minimize their difference from their peers (2)bc its a hereditary disease, parents may experience guilt or fear of their loss of their child and become overprotective--thus promoting abnormal dependence in the child (3)the child may learn maladaptive behaviors to get attention (4)adds stress bc the disease is unpredictably never know when going to have another crisis that could result in organ damage
|
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|
What are the vacational issues in the sickle cell disease?(3)
|
(1)indiviudals w sickle cell disease must consider not only the physical demands of the job related to stamina but also the role of the strenous exertion in precipating sicke cell crisises (2)must inviduals can perform moderate or even heavy work (3)extereme temperatures and stress at work can trigger sickle cell crisises
|
|
|
What are the vacational issues in the sickle cell disease?(3)
|
(1)indiviudals w sickle cell disease must consider not only the physical demands of the job related to stamina but also the role of the strenous exertion in precipating sicke cell crisises (2)must inviduals can perform moderate or even heavy work (3)extereme temperatures and stress at work can trigger sickle cell crisises
|
|
|
What are the vacational issues in the sickle cell disease?(3)
|
(1)indiviudals w sickle cell disease must consider not only the physical demands of the job related to stamina but also the role of the strenous exertion in precipating sicke cell crisises (2)must inviduals can perform moderate or even heavy work (3)extereme temperatures and stress at work can trigger sickle cell crisises
|
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|
What are the most common body parts affected by sickle cell disease?(5)
|
(1)chest (2)legs (3)arms (4)back (5)abdomen
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|
What are the most common body parts affected by sickle cell disease?(5)
|
(1)chest (2)legs (3)arms (4)back (5)abdomen
|
|
|
What is diabtes insipidus?
|
is a condition in which there is inadequate secretion of ADH from the hypothalamus
|
|
|
NAME
this is a condition in which there is inadequate secretion of ADH from the hypothalamus |
diabtes inspidus
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|
What is the most common cause of dibates inspidus?
|
is damage to the stalk connecting the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland
|
|
|
NAME
this is usally caused by damage to the stalk of connecting the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland |
diabtes insipidus
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|
|
What is polyuira?
|
refers large urine output
|
|
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NAME
this refers to large urine output |
polyuira
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What is polydipisa?
|
refers to to intense thirst
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|
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NAME
this refers to intense thirst |
polydipsia
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|
|
How is diabtes inspidius treated?
|
by different horomones to correct the diabtes or treat symptoms
|
|
|
T or F
dibates inspidius is curable |
true
|
|
|
T or F
dibates mellitus is cureable |
false
|
|
|
What is diabtes mellitus?
|
is a chronic incureable disorder of carbohydrate metabolism and involves the imbalance of the supply and demand for insulin
|
|
|
NAME
this is a chronic incureable disorder of carbs metabolism and involves the imbalance of the supply and demand for insulin |
diabtes mellitus
|
|
|
NAME
this is the most common of all endocrine conditions |
diabtes mellitus
|
|
|
Over the last two decades the prevalnce of dibates in the USA has (1)
|
doubled
|
|
|
NAME
this is the leading cause of heart disease, hypertension, blindness, kidney disease, amputation and the nervous system |
diabtes mellitus
|
|
|
Diabtes mellitus is the leading cause of (1),(2), (3),and (4)
|
(1)heart disease (2)hypertension (3)blindness (4)kidney disease (5)amputation (6)nervous system
|
|
|
What causes diabtes mellitus?
|
no one knows
|
|
|
What is gestational diabtes?
|
is diabtes that occurs during pregrancy
|
|
|
NAME
this is diabtes that occurs during pregrancy |
gestational diabtes
|
|
|
What are some reasons that people do not get enough insuling who have diabtes mellitus?
|
(1)the islets of Langerhan do not produce enough insulin (2)destruction of insulin before it can be used (3)inability of the body tissues to use the insulin presnt
|
|
|
What is hyperglycemia?
|
when large amounts of glucose accumulate in the blood
|
|
|
NAME
this is when large amounts of glucose accumulate in the blood |
hyperglycemia
|
|
|
What is glycisyuria?
|
glucose in the urine
|
|
|
NAME
this refers to glucose in the urine |
glycosuria
|
|
|
What is polyuria?
|
refers to large urine output
|
|
|
What is polydipsia?
|
this refers intense thirst
|
|
|
What is polyphagia?
|
refers to increase food intake
|
|
|
NAME
this refers to increased food intake |
polyphagia
|
|
|
What is diabetic coma?
|
refers to when there are to many ketones in the body bc the body is breaking down fat in attempt to get glucose
|
|
|
NAME
this refers to when there are to many ketoines in the body bc the body is breaking down fat in a attempt to get glucose |
diabetic coma
|
|
|
What are the symptoms of diabtes mellitus?(5)
|
(1)glycosuria (2)polyuria (3)polyphagia (4)polydipsia (5)diabetic coma
|
|
|
What are (2)types of diabtes mellitus?
|
(1)type I (2)type II
|
|
|
What does IDDM stand for?
|
insulin-dependent diabtes mellitus
|
|
|
What does NIDDM stand for?
|
non-insulin dependent diabtes mellitus
|
|
|
Type I diabtes is also called (1)
|
IDDM
|
|
|
(1)is also called IDDM
|
type i
|
|
|
Type II is also called (1)
|
NIDDM
|
|
|
(1)is also called NIDDM
|
type II
|
|
|
type II is also called (1)
|
NIDDM
|
|
|
Type I diabtes accounts for (1)of diabtes while Type II accounts for (2)
|
(1)10% (2)90%
|
|
|
(1)diabetes accounts for 10% while (2)accounts for 90% of all cases of diabetes
|
(1)type I (2)type II
|
|
|
What is type I like?
|
the body produces little to no insulin so that indivudals require external sources of insulin for suvirval
|
|
|
NAME
this type of diabtes is when the body produces little to no insulin so that individuals require external sources of insulin for survival |
type I
|
|
|
What is type II diabetes?
|
is when the body produces insulin but the insulin produced is insufficient to meet the total body needs or the body is unable to use the insulin and external sources may or may not be required and are not needed for survival
|
|
|
NAME
this type of diabetes is when the body produces insulin but the insulin produced is insufficient to meet the total body needs or the body is unable to use the insulin and external sources may or may not be required and are not needed for survival |
type II
|
|
|
What is the differ btwn type I and II diabetes?(2)
|
(1)type I= is when the body produces little to no insulin so that indivudals require external sources of insulin for suvirval (2)type II=is when the body produces insulin but the insulin produced is insufficient to meet the total body needs or the body is unable to use the insulin and external sources may or may not be required and are not needed for survival
|
|
|
(1)is a major risk factor for the development of type II diabetes
|
obesity
|
|
|
How is diabetes mellitus treated?(3)
|
(1)there is no cure(2)treatment is directed towards controling the levels of glucose and avoiding complications (3)is controled through diet and the use of insulin injections
|
|
|
NAME
this is the most severe form of diabetes mellitus |
type I
|
|
|
NAME
this is the primary mdoe therapy for all people w Type I diabetes |
insulin
|
|
|
Can insulin be taken orally for people w type I?
|
no
|
|
|
T or F
insulin can be taken orally for people w type I diabtes |
false
|
|
|
What are (3)types of insulin?
|
(1)rapid acting insulin (2)intermediate insulin (3)long acting insulin
|
|
|
What are some things that can cause people to consume more glucose which can be a issue for people w diabetes?
|
(1)stress (2)illness (3)infection (4)and pregrancy
|
|
|
insulin shock is also called (1)
|
hypoglcemia
|
|
|
(1)is also called hypoglcemia
|
insulin shock
|
|
|
people w diabetes must learn to balance, insulin, excerise, and blood glucose so that they do not go into (1)
|
insulin shock
|
|
|
people w (1)must learn to balance insulin, excerise, and blood glucose so that they do not go into insulin shock
|
diabetes
|
|
|
What is insulin shock ?
|
when there is too much insulin in the blood
|
|
|
NAME
this is when there is too much insulin in the blood |
insulin shock
|
|
|
What are some complications of diabetes mellitus?(8)
|
(1)affects a large number of body systems (2)heart attack (3)stroke (4)poor circulation in the extermeties (5)amputation bc of infection (6)retinopathy (7)peripheral neuropathy (8)feet tramua such as feet ulcers from not wearing right footwear
|
|
|
What are some complications of diabetes mellitus?(8)
|
(1)affects a large number of body systems (2)heart attack (3)stroke (4)poor circulation in the extermeties (5)amputation bc of infection (6)retinopathy (7)peripheral neuropathy (8)feet tramua such as feet ulcers from not wearing right footwear
|
|
|
what does MI stand for?
|
myocardial infarction
|
|
|
MI is jst another name for (1)
|
heart attack
|
|
|
(1)is jst another name for heart attack
|
MI
|
|
|
stroke is jst another name for(1)
|
cerebrovascular accident
|
|
|
(1)is another name for cerebrovascular accident
|
stroke
|
|
|
What are psychosocial issues in diabetes mellitus?(9)
|
(1)involves life long multifaceted treatment but it also significantly affects inviduals dail lives and futures (2)is a hidden disability since symptoms are not visible (3)may attempt to hide condition and be embrassed about it (4)others may ignore dietary restriction bc dont want other to know or jst dont follow them (5)can cause depression and discouragement (6)may fear that diabtes can lead to complications such as diabtes (7)must learn to judge calories, carry insulin and eleminate rich foods from their diet (8)may need to avoid situations where there is alcohol (9)may cause marital relationships problems esp in the management of complications should they arise and in having children
|
|
|
What are psychosocial issues in diabetes mellitus?(9)
|
(1)involves life long multifaceted treatment but it also significantly affects inviduals dail lives and futures (2)is a hidden disability since symptoms are not visible (3)may attempt to hide condition and be embrassed about it (4)others may ignore dietary restriction bc dont want other to know or jst dont follow them (5)can cause depression and discouragement (6)may fear that diabtes can lead to complications such as diabtes (7)must learn to judge calories, carry insulin and eleminate rich foods from their diet (8)may need to avoid situations where there is alcohol (9)may cause marital relationships problems esp in the management of complications should they arise and in having children
|
|
|
What are psychosocial issues in diabetes mellitus?(9)
|
(1)involves life long multifaceted treatment but it also significantly affects inviduals dail lives and futures (2)is a hidden disability since symptoms are not visible (3)may attempt to hide condition and be embrassed about it (4)others may ignore dietary restriction bc dont want other to know or jst dont follow them (5)can cause depression and discouragement (6)may fear that diabtes can lead to complications such as diabtes (7)must learn to judge calories, carry insulin and eleminate rich foods from their diet (8)may need to avoid situations where there is alcohol (9)may cause marital relationships problems esp in the management of complications should they arise and in having children
|
|
|
What are some vactional issues of having diabetes mellitus?(5)
|
(1)the demands of the job and indivudal's willness and ability to carry out treatment, and the degree to which the prescribed protocols control their diabtes deteremine the speacil needs of the individual in the work environment (2)activity should be planned so that it is balanced w food intake (3)work in which there is risk of even minor cuts and stratches to the feet should be avoivded bc of the risk of infection (4)employees should be alerted about diabetic coma and insulin shock (5)bc of the complications of posibility of diabtic coma and insulin shock , they should not work in isolation
|
|
|
What are some vactional issues of having diabetes mellitus?(5)
|
(1)the demands of the job and indivudal's willness and ability to carry out treatment, and the degree to which the prescribed protocols control their diabtes deteremine the speacil needs of the individual in the work environment (2)activity should be planned so that it is balanced w food intake (3)work in which there is risk of even minor cuts and stratches to the feet should be avoivded bc of the risk of infection (4)employees should be alerted about diabetic coma and insulin shock (5)bc of the complications of posibility of diabtic coma and insulin shock , they should not work in isolation
|
|
|
What are some vactional issues of having diabetes mellitus?(5)
|
(1)the demands of the job and indivudal's willness and ability to carry out treatment, and the degree to which the prescribed protocols control their diabtes deteremine the speacil needs of the individual in the work environment (2)activity should be planned so that it is balanced w food intake (3)work in which there is risk of even minor cuts and stratches to the feet should be avoivded bc of the risk of infection (4)employees should be alerted about diabetic coma and insulin shock (5)bc of the complications of posibility of diabtic coma and insulin shock , they should not work in isolation
|
|
|
What is coronary artery disease?
|
is a condition in which the coronary arteries become narrowed
|
|
|
NAME
this is a condition in which the coronary arteries become narrowed |
coronary artery disease
|
|
|
What is atheroscelrasis?
|
is when plaque builds up on the inner walls of the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle
|
|
|
NAME
this is when plaque builds up on the inner walls of the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle |
atheroscleorisis
|
|
|
What is ischemia?
|
is when coronary arteries become narrowed and not enough O2 can get to the heart
|
|
|
NAME
this when coronary arteries become narrowed and not enough O2 can get to the heart |
ischemia
|
|
|
Lack of O2 to the heart can result in (1)
|
angina pectoris
|
|
|
lack of (1)to the heart can result in angina pectoris
|
O2
|
|
|
What is angina pectoris?
|
refers to chest pain bc of lack of O2
|
|
|
NAME
this is chest pain bc of a lack of O2 |
angina pectoris
|
|
|
angina is often triggered by (1)
|
physical activity
|
|
|
What often triggers angina?
|
physical activity
|
|
|
Why does angina often triggered by physical activity?
|
bc the heart's muscle need to O2 is the greatest during physical activty
|
|
|
What are (2)types of angina (?
|
(1)stable angina (2)unstable angina
|
|
|
What is stable angina?
|
is chest pain that occurs only when demands are placed on the heart and goes away w rest
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NAME
this is chest pain that occurs only when demands are placed on the heart and goes away w rest |
stable angina
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What is unstable angina?
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is chest pain that occurs at rest and is more prolonged frequent and severe
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NAME
this is chest pain that occurs at rest and is more prolonged frequent and severe |
unstable angina
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How can MI be found?(3)
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(1)lab tests (2)ECG (3)stress tests
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What is anoxia?
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when the tisssue recieves no O2
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NAME
this refers to when tissue receives no O2 |
anoxia
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What is MI?
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is when heart tissue receives no O2 and starts to die
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NAME
this refers to when heart tissue receives no O2 and starts to die |
MI
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T or F
all individuals w angina go on to develop MI |
false
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What are some things that can cause a MI?(3)
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(1)atheroscleoris (2)thrombus (3)embolus
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What is a thrombus?
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blot clot
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NAME
this is a blot clot |
thrombus
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NAME
this can be caused by atheroscleoris, thrombus, and embolus |
thrombus
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MI can result in (1)
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arrhythmia
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what is arrhythmia?
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irregular heartbeat
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NAME
this is a irregular heartbeat |
arrhythmia
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MI require (1)
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immediate medially attention
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How are MI's treated when they are occuring?(3)
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(1)treatment focuses on stabilizing the condition, relieving pain, and preventing sudden death (2)narcotics can be prescribed for the pain (3) thrombolytic may be give to dissolve clots, and/or anticoagulants may be given to decrease the likeihood of another clot
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How are MI's treated when they are occuring?(3)
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(1)treatment focuses on stabilizing the condition, relieving pain, and preventing sudden death (2)narcotics can be prescribed for the pain (3) thrombolytic may be give to dissolve clots, and/or anticoagulants may be given to decrease the likeihood of another clot (4)oxygen may be given
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How are MI treated after the emergency room?(3)
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they are placed in the CCU (2)the goal of treatment is to limit the size of the heart damage, promote electrical stability of the heart, promote comfort, and additional damage (3)after CCU, individuals must undergo lifestyle changes including dietary restrictions, smoking cessation, and graduated ex cerise training
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What is hypoxemia?
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is lowered oxygen in the blood
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NAME
this is lowered oxygen in the blood |
hypoexmia
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How are MI treated after the emergency room?(3)
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they are placed in the CCU (2)the goal of treatment is to limit the size of the heart damage, promote electrical stability of the heart, promote comfort, and additional damage (3)after CCU, individuals must undergo lifestyle changes including dietary restrictions, smoking cessation, and graduated ex cerise training
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What is energy?
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is expressed in terms of calories per min (2)based on the one liter of O2 equalling 5 calories
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NAME
this is expressed in terms of calories per min and based on one liter of O2 equaling 5 calories |
energy
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How is functional capacity estimated?
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in METS
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How is functional capacity estimated?
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in METS
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What does METs stand for?
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metabolic equivilants
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What is MET?
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is the unit or level used to estimate the O2 requirements to perform a task
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NAME
this is the unit or level used to estimate the O2 requirements to perform a task |
METS
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What are some psychosocial issues w MI?(5)
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(1)the realization that death could have occured and the threat of sudden death, may result in severe depression and anxiety (2)some may deny the situation (which could be postive)(3)bc of the possiblity of sudden death and another heart attack, family members and friends may become overprotective --thus inhbiting the person from reaching their full capacity (3)family members may become angery, resentful, or fustrated or blame indivudals for their behavior that caused the heart attack such as not excerising (4)the person may experience guilt, low-esteem and self blame for their behaviors (5)sexual readjustment may a issue bc some of heart drugs cause may cause impair sexual dysfunction or fear that the activity is too stressful
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What are some psychosocial issues w MI?(5)
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(1)the realization that death could have occured and the threat of sudden death, may result in severe depression and anxiety (2)some may deny the situation (which could be postive)(3)bc of the possiblity of sudden death and another heart attack, family members and friends may become overprotective --thus inhbiting the person from reaching their full capacity (3)family members may become angery, resentful, or fustrated or blame indivudals for their behavior that caused the heart attack such as not excerising (4)the person may experience guilt, low-esteem and self blame for their behaviors (5)sexual readjustment may a issue bc some of heart drugs cause may cause impair sexual
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What are some vactional issues of a MI?(4)
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(1)after rehabiliation most people can return to moderate levels of activity (2)works should not exceed their limits (3)bc of stress that exterme temperatures can cuase on the heart, they should be avoided (4)stress at work may also be a issue
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What are some vactional issues of a MI?(4)
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(1)after rehabiliation most people can return to moderate levels of activity (2)works should not exceed their limits (3)bc of stress that exterme temperatures can cuase on the heart, they should be avoided (4)stress at work may also be a issue
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How many rheumatoid conditions are there?
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over 105
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There are over (1)classifed rheumatoid conditions
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105
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Rheumatoid conditions are considerd (1)
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autoimmuune conditions
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(1)are also considerd autoimmune conditions
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rheumatoid
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What are autoimmune conditions?
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are thought to be caused by an autoimmune response in which the body's immune system fail's to regonize its own body's tissue and attacks itself
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NAME
this is a conditoin that is are thought to be caused by an autoimmune response in which the body's immune system fail's to regonize its own body's tissue and attacks itself |
autoimmune condition
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What are some common characteristics of rheumatic conditions?(4)
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(1)pain (2)inflammation (3)fatigue (4)loss of motion of joints
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NAME
some common charcertistics of this condition includes pain, inflammation, fatigue, and loss of motion of joints |
rheumatoid conditions
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What is arthritis?
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is a general term used for the inflamation of the joints
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NAME
this is a general term used for the inflammation of the joints |
arthritis
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What is myositis?
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is the inflammation of the muscle
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NAME
this is the inflammation of the muscle |
myositis
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What are the effects of rheumatoid conditions like?
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symptoms are unpredictable and diverse ranging from mild to severe
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What is rheumatoid arthritis?
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is a chronic progressive systemtic disorder that causes signifcant pain, joint destruction and disability
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NAME
this is a chronic progressive systematic disorder that causes significant pain, joint destruction and disability |
rheumatoid arthritis
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What is rheumatoid arthritis characertized by?
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inflammation and swelling of the synovial joints resulting in pain, stiffness, and deformity
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NAME
this is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the synovial joints resulting in pain, stiffness, and deformity |
rhemuatoid arthritis
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NAME
this is one of the most common rehuamtoid conditions |
rheumatoid arthritis
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Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common (1)conditions
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rheumatoid
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What is a systematic disease?
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is a disease that affects other body systems
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nAME
this is a disease that affects other body systems |
systematic disease
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What are the symptoms of rehumatoid arthritis ?(6)
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by the inflammatory process may alter other organ functions (2)experience fatigue (3)wieght loss (4)joint deformity (5)fever (6)series of remission
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What are the symptoms of rehumatoid arthritis ?(6)
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by the inflammatory process may alter other organ functions (2)experience fatigue (3)wieght loss (4)joint deformity (5)fever (6)series of remission
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What is pannus?
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is scar tissue
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NAME
this refers to scar tissue |
pannus
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Explain how rheumatoid arthritis progresses(4)
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the synovial membrane of the joint becomes inflammed causing warmth, pain, and swelling (2)pannus forms (scar tissue) (3)the pannus interferes w the absorbtion of nutrients--thereby, leading to erosion and joint destruction (4)pannus becomes tough and fibrous resulting in anklyisosis
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Explain how rheumatoid arthritis progresses(4)
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the synovial membrane of the joint becomes inflammed causing warmth, pain, and swelling (2)pannus forms (scar tissue) (3)the pannus interferes w the absorbtion of nutrients--thereby, leading to erosion and joint destruction (4)pannus becomes tough and fibrous resulting in anklyisosis
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Explain how rheumatoid arthritis progresses(4)
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the synovial membrane of the joint becomes inflammed causing warmth, pain, and swelling (2)pannus forms (scar tissue) (3)the pannus interferes w the absorbtion of nutrients--thereby, leading to erosion and joint destruction (4)pannus becomes tough and fibrous resulting in anklyisosis
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What is ankylosis?
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refers to stiffness and fixation of the joint
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NAME
this refers to stiffness and fixation of the joint |
anklyosis
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What are the most common joints affected in rheumatoid arthritis?(5)
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(1)wrists (2)ankles (3)knees (4)elbows (5)joints of the fingers and toes
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How are the joint affected w people who have rheumatoid arthis?
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usally systematically meaning both knees rather than one knee are affected
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How is rheumatoid arthritis treated?(8)
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there is no cure (2)goal of treatments is to induce and maintain remission (3)excerise directed toward strengthening and increasing flexiablity of muscles (4)rest during acute phases of condition (5)thermal treatment-to releieve pain (6)occupational and physical therpaist (7)medications (8)synovectomy (8)arthriplasty
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How is rheumatoid arthritis treated?(8)
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there is no cure (2)goal of treatments is to induce and maintain remission (3)excerise directed toward strengthening and increasing flexiablity of muscles (4)rest during acute phases of condition (5)thermal treatment-to releieve pain (6)occupational and physical therpaist (7)medications (8)synovectomy (8)arthriplasty
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How is rheumatoid arthritis treated?(8)
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there is no cure (2)goal of treatments is to induce and maintain remission (3)excerise directed toward strengthening and increasing flexiablity of muscles (4)rest during acute phases of condition (5)thermal treatment-to releieve pain (6)occupational and physical therpaist (7)medications (8)synovectomy (8)arthriplasty
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How is rheumatoid arthritis treated?(8)
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there is no cure (2)goal of treatments is to induce and maintain remission (3)excerise directed toward strengthening and increasing flexiablity of muscles (4)rest during acute phases of condition (5)thermal treatment-to releieve pain (6)occupational and physical therpaist (7)medications (8)synovectomy (8)arthriplasty
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What are some thermal treatments?
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refers to applications of either or cold for pain
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NAME
this refers to applications of either hot or cold for pain |
thermal treatments
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What are some thermal treatments that can be used for rheumatoid arthritis?
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(1)hydrotherapy (2)paraffin baths
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What are some medications that can be prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis?
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(1)NSAIDS (2)corticosertiods (3)disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDS)
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What does DMARDS stand for?
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disease modifying antirheumatic drugs
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NAME
these are just examples of the drugs that can be used to treat this--NSAIDS, cortocosteriods, and DMARDS |
rheumatoid arthritis
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Why are drugs not used to treat rheumatoid arthritis a lot?
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bc they have horrible long term affects such as ulcers, hemorrhages, tinnitus, hypertension, and osteosporosis
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What is tennitius?
|
ringing in the ears
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NAME
this ringing in the ears |
tennitisu
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What is synovectomy?
|
is the surgical removal of the synovial membrane surrounding the joint
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NAME
this is the surgical removal of the synovial membrane surrounding the joint |
synovectomy
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What is arthroplasty?
|
is the surgical replacement, formation, or reformation of the joint
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NAME
this is the surgical replacement, formation, or reformation of the joint |
arthroplasty
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What are some psychosocial issues of rheumatoid arthritis?(7)
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(1)can affect person's ability to finish work or ability to engage in recreational and social activites (2)have to adjust to living w pain (3)experience sleep distubances which can lead to fatigue and depression (4)some people develop learned helpness from the unpredictablity of the condition (5)as condition progresses, they will become more dependedn on others, assistive devices....this may cause them to feel a loss of sense of control, and low self esteem (6)deformities may also contribute to low self-esteem (7)however, the use of devices can be make performing tasks easier--however, some people may fear to use them and see them as "giving up" or be concerned about how they would appear w the device
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|
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What are some psychosocial issues of rheumatoid arthritis?(7)
|
(1)can affect person's ability to finish work or ability to engage in recreational and social activites (2)have to adjust to living w pain (3)experience sleep distubances which can lead to fatigue and depression (4)some people develop learned helpness from the unpredictablity of the condition (5)as condition progresses, they will become more dependedn on others, assistive devices....this may cause them to feel a loss of sense of control, and low self esteem (6)deformities may also contribute to low self-esteem (7)however, the use of devices can be make performing tasks easier--however, some people may fear to use them and see them as "giving up" or be concerned about how they would appear w the device
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What are some vocational issues associated rheumatoid arthritis/
|
(1)experience a number of work barriers such as physical barriers like handling, writing, and energy related barriers to psychosical barriers (3)not all individuals become totally disabled (4)pain and limited motion may affect ability to perform certain tasks (5)if lower extermety joints are affectedm they may have trouble standing for long periods of time (6)if indiviudal symptoms increase by temperature and humidity, should stick to working indoors (7)going in and out of cold and warm environments should be avoided (8)they require extra time to get read y for work (9)they need prescribed periods for rest and excerise must be cosnidere d (10)assistive devices can help them manage work and daily tasks
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What are some vocational issues associated rheumatoid arthritis?(10)
|
(1)experience a number of work barriers such as physical barriers like handling, writing, and energy related barriers to psychosical barriers (3)not all individuals become totally disabled (4)pain and limited motion may affect ability to perform certain tasks (5)if lower extermety joints are affectedm they may have trouble standing for long periods of time (6)if indiviudal symptoms increase by temperature and humidity, should stick to working indoors (7)going in and out of cold and warm environments should be avoided (8)they require extra time to get read y for work (9)they need prescribed periods for rest and excerise must be cosnidere d (10)assistive devices can help them manage work and daily tasks
|
|
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What are some vocational issues associated rheumatoid arthritis/(10)
|
(1)experience a number of work barriers such as physical barriers like handling, writing, and energy related barriers to psychosical barriers (3)not all individuals become totally disabled (4)pain and limited motion may affect ability to perform certain tasks (5)if lower extermety joints are affectedm they may have trouble standing for long periods of time (6)if indiviudal symptoms increase by temperature and humidity, should stick to working indoors (7)going in and out of cold and warm environments should be avoided (8)they require extra time to get read y for work (9)they need prescribed periods for rest and excerise must be cosnidere d (10)assistive devices can help them manage work and daily tasks
|
