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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Health |
Complete physical, mental, and social well-being |
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Physiology |
Study of "normal" function |
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Course for chronic disease |
1. Disease free state 2. Asymptomatic but biological changes occurring 3. Morbidity: clinical illness 4. Comorbidity: simultaneous interaction of diseases 5. Death |
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Pathology |
Anatomical and physiological deviation from the norm |
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Epidemiology |
Study of determinants, occurrence, distribution, and control of health and disease in a defined population |
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Ways for data analysis |
Person, place, time |
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Functions of Cardiovascular system |
1. Deliver 2. Remove 3. Transport 4. Maintain 5. Prevent and strengthen |
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Systole |
Contractions |
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Disatole |
Relaxation |
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Cardiac output |
Amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute -Stroke volume X heart rate |
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Blood finction |
Transports gas, nutrients, and wastes: regulated temperature, and buffers/balances acidity |
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Blood components |
Plasma: 55-60%--essentially water Hematocrit: 45-50%--red and white cells and platelets |
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Vascular system |
1. Arteries --arterioles 2. Capillaries 3. Veins |
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Blood pressure |
The amount of pressure exerted onto the walls of the blood vessels -BP = Cardiac Input (Q) x Total peripheral resistance -top: systolic, bottom: diastolic |
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Determinants of BP |
Blood volume and vascular resistance |
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ECG |
P: atrial depolarization QRS: ventricular depolarization T: ventricular depolarization |
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Arrhythmias: how can they be classified? |
By when/how or where they occur |
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Causes of arrhythmia |
-Heart disease (coronary artery disease, heart failure, hypertension, etc) -infection, physical or emotional stress, anemia or thyroid disease, drugs or stimulants |
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Cardiac remodeling causes |
Training related changes, myocardial infarctions, pressure overloads, inflammatory heart muscle disease, inherited conditions |
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Ventricular hypertrophy |
Thickening of the myocardium in the ventricles |
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
Def: genetic predisposition to abnormal thickening of heart tissue Signs/symptoms: heart murmurs, shortness of breath, palpitations, chest pressure/pain, lightheadedness, MOST COMMON: sudden cardiac death |
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Hypertension |
-Def: level of BP at which a person has an increased risk of developing a morbid cardiovascular event -BP #s: hypertension (>140/90), prehypertension (120-139/80-89), Ideal (<120/80) |
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Coronary heart disease |
Narrowing of the coronary arteries that supply blood and oxygen to heart; causes insufficient blood supply to heart; leading cause of death in US |
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Atherosclerosis |
Formation of fibrous plaque in the endothelium of arteries |
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Ischemia |
Insufficient blood flow to the heart |
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Myocardial infarction |
Fealty of some heart muscle due to a blood clot causing complete lack of blood flow |
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Risk factors of CHD |
Hypertension, lipid profile, physical inactivity, smoking, diabetes (type II) |
