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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are two causes of anemia |
Hemorrhage Hemolysis Chronic Disease Toxicities Blood Parasites |
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Bone marrow responds appropriately by producing and releasing more RBC in ______________ anemia |
Regenerative |
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Bone marrow response is inadequate in ____________ anemia |
Nonregenerative |
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Iron Deficiency Anemia can be due to chronic blood loss from |
Fleas GI parasites(Hookworms) Gastric Ulceration Bleeding Neoplasms
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What results in an altered formation of RBC with shorter life spans |
Iron deficiency anemia |
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Microcytosis is |
smaller than normal RBC |
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Hypochromasia is |
Large central pallor with thin rim of staining hemoglobin |
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What does the CBC/differential show with Iron deficiency anemia |
Low HCT, HGb, MCHC, MCV, hypochromasia, Microcytosis |
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TX for Iron deficiency anemia |
Take away what is causing it (ex. treat fleas) Supplement iron
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What anemia is caused by toxin exposure? |
Heinz body anemia |
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what are the top 3 causative agents for Heinz body anemia |
onions garlic acetaminophen
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True or False Heinz body anemia is more common in dogs than cats |
False it is most common in cats |
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What are erythroparasites |
Blood parasites that live inside RBCs |
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Mycoplasma hemofelis is aka ________ and is treated with? |
Feline Infectious Anemia
Doxycycline or tetracycline |
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Babesia is usually seen in _______ is transmitted by ______ and treated with_______ and primarily is found in the _____ region |
Dogs
transmitted by ticks
treated with doxycycline or tetracycline
likes warmer climates usually found in southern regions
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What protozoal organism causes fatal disease in cats |
Cytauxzoon felis |
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What disease occurs when antibodies attack RBCs and cause hemolysis and autoaggulation? |
Immune Mediated Hemolytic Anemia |
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IMHA is most common in ______ |
middle aged Dogs |
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2 clinical signs for IMHA |
Weakness pale MM Jaundice Lethargy Fever
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Tx options for IMHA |
Supportive care Blood transfusion if PCV drops below 15% Steroids
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2 complications that can occur from IMHA |
DIC PE |
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von willebrands disease is the most common hereditary thrombocytopathy and is |
A disease where the blood cannot clot appropriately |
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Von Willebrands is caused by one of two things |
A deficiency in production of VWF
or
producing defective VWF |
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3 symptoms of Von Willebrands |
Easy bruising Prolonged bleeding during venipuncture or SX GI bleeding Hematuria Bleeding from gums
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How to diagnosis Von Willebrands |
Buccal mucosal bleeding time DNA confirmation ELISA |
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2 TX that must be avoided for Von Willebrands |
Aspirin and NSAIDS |
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What disease is characterized by destruction of antibody coated platelets and is typically seen in female dogs 5-6 yrs old |
Immune Mediated Thrombocytopenia |
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Clinical signs for IMTP |
Weakness Lethargy Petechia and ecchymosis Hypema Melena Fever Epistaxis |
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Pinpoint bruising on the mm is called |
Petechia |
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Bleeding into the chamber of the eye is called |
Hyphema |
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when IMTP occurs concurrently with IMHA it is called |
Evan's syndrome |
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Tx options for IMTP |
Supportive care Fluid therapy monitor PCV corticosteroids Immunosuppressives Gastric protectants
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Signs of rodenticide toxicities |
epistaxis petechia ecchymosis pale mm fluid/pendulous abdomen |
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Tx options for rodenticide If owner knows of igestion |
vomit induction charcoal oral vit k for 28 days |
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What is the most common hematopoietic tumor type in cats |
Lymphoma----occurs along the breast bone and is frequently induced by FeLV |
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what is the best treatment for multicentric lymphoma and why |
Chemotherapy------ although it has no cure it does have a high rate of remission |
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Canine lymphoma is extremely common in what breeds of dogs |
Boxers |
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Two Type 1 Hypersensitivity reactions |
Anaphylaxis Urticarial |
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Anaphylactic reactions occur in sensitized animals after exposure to...... |
vaccines drugs foods insect bites
and clinical signs can occur within minutes to seconds
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3 clinical signs of anaphylaxis |
salivation vomiting diarrhea shock death |
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Tx for type 1 hypersensitivity reactions |
supportive care epinephrine IVFT antihistamines corticosteroids
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What type of reaction is hives |
Urticarial reaction |
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Localized anaphylactic reactions include |
Allergic rhinitis Asthma Food allergies Chronic allergic bronchitis
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Antibody-mediated cytotoxic reactions is a |
Type II hypersensitivity reactions |
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Immune complex disease is a |
Type III hypersensitivity reaction |
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Cell mediated immune reactions are a |
type IV hypersensitivity reaction |
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a skin disorder that is more common in dogs than cats and is characterized by erosions, ulcerations, and thick encrustations of the skin and mucoctaneous junctions is? |
Pemphigus foliaceus |
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Pemphigus vulgaris typically occurs in the |
Mouth and is characterized by bullous lesions |
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What is this |
Bullous pemphigoid----- it is a rare disorder and prognosis is poor |
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What is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and fatigue? |
Myasthenia Gravis |
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Clinical signs of Myasthenia gravis |
megaesophagus voice change drooling repeated swallowing regurgitation
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