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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of immunity?
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the ability to destroy pathogens and foreign material
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What is are antigens?
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Chemical markers on the surface of a cell or virus
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What are the two ways immunity can be mediated?
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-Cell mediated (WBC and T cells)
-Antibody mediated (WBC, T cells, and B cells |
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What is the first step of recognition?
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Foreign antigen
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When is the immune response most effective?
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When the initial recognition is by a macrophage
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How does a macrophage recongnize foreign pathogens?
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They ingest the pathogen and display the antigens on their surface
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How do vaccines work?
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They have memory cells which makes the immune reaction much faster so the infected person will never show symtoms
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What happens to the body when someone has developed AIDS?
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The immune system has been weakened and the body has a low T cell count so it has a difficult time fighting infections
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Is it possible to have HIV and not develop AIDS?
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Yes
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Is there a vector for the transmission of HIV?
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NO
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How is Ebola spread?
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Through bodily fluid contact
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What disease can be spread by a vector?
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Malaria
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What is an endemic?
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It is a virus that is always present
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What is a sign of infection?
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Evidence of the infection within the body (i.e. presence of the virus and antibodies)
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What is a symptom of an infection?
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The way one's body reacts to the infection/parasite
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What is cerebral malaria?
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When the parasites get into the brain
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What are the two biggest factors for malaria distribution?
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Temperature and Rainfall
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What is the most common treatment for malaria?
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Quinine from the cinchona tree
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What disease was thought to contribute to the dark ages?
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Plague- specifically the Justinian pandemic
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What is the cause of plague?
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The bacterium 'Yersinia pestis'
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What type of plague occurs in the lymph nodes?
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Bubonic Plague
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What type of plague occurs is infectious in the blood stream?
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Septicemic plague
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What type of plague is infectious in the lungs?
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Pneumonic plague
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What are hosts for the plague?
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Rodents
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What are vectors for the plague?
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Fleas
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What is a common symptom of Bubonic plague?
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Swollen lymph glands
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What is a common symptom of Septicemic plague?
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Bruising all over body and gangrene likely
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What is the deadliest form of the plague and why?
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Pneumonic plague because it can be spread through the air
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What are two antibiotics used to fight the plague?
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Streptomycin and Gentamycin
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What are the two main bioweapons that are of concern?
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Plague and Anthrax
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