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331 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Allosaurus has a distinctive ridge above and in front of eyes.
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True
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2. Velociraptor had a elongated skull, a flat nose, and long functional arms.
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True
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3. Tyrannosaurus evolved only a few million years prior to the extinction of dinosaurs.
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True
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4. The head of Coelphysis is crowned with two bony crests that give it its name (two-crest).
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false
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Theropods have the largest brain (relative to body size) among dinosaurs
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True
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This theropod has only two digits on the manus
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Tyrannosaurus
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1. Which of the following is not considered to be a prosauropod?
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Apatosaurus
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2. Prosauropods and sauropods evolved from a common ancestor
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true
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Diplodocidae had relatively short tails.
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false
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______was a sauropod covered with a protective pavement of globular or button like bony plates covering its back
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Saltasaurus
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The Titanosauridae were more common in the Gondwana (southern) continents than in the northern hemisphere
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True
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This member of the Iguanodontia is intermediate in size between Dryosaurus and Iguanodon.
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Camptosaurus
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2. The crests of lambeosauries varied in species according to age and sex.
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true
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3. All ornithopods were quadrupedal
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false
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4. Which of the following hadrosaurs was named after a Canadian City
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Edmontosaurus
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This genus of ornithopods is the type genus of an early family and clade of ornithopods and derives its name from the fact that it has different types of teeth
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Heterodontosaurus
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Ornithopods were remarkably diverse and distributed throughout the world
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true
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Saurolophus and Prosaurolophus are two examples of members of the Hadrosaurinae which includes those hadrosaurids with a fairly flat skull roof or head crest of solid bone
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true
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Lambeosarus was a large, duck-billed dinosaur with a bony head crest shaped like a hatchet
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true
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9. Which of the following dinosaurs had batteries of large numbers of teeth organized into large rasping surfaces?
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Hadrosauride
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10. Computer simulations have been made of the sound once produced by the long hollow crest of this hadrosaur
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Parasaurolophus
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Huayangosaurus had osteoscutes that were embedded in the skin, forming rows from the head to the tail, arranged primarily on the upper flanks
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False
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The plates of stegosaurus are aligned in a single row along the midline
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false
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Stegosaurus had osteoderms/osteocutes covering portions of its neck
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true
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Stegosaurus first appeared during Late Jurassic
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false
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Which of the following is considered to represent the base of the thyreophoran family tree
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Scutellosaurus
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Scutellosaurus is considered a primitive thyreophoran partially because it has a large number of keeled osteocutes
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true
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The only stegosaur to have remains indicating some herding behavior is______
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kentrosaurus
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Which of the following groups was represented by the fewest number of species
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the stegosaurs
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The Asian stegosaur is the type genus of the family bearing its name and has spike-shaped armor along the body midline and rows of armor plates along each side of the spike now
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Huayangosaurus
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Polacanthids are medium to large (e.g. Gastonia), and occurred primarily in the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of Europe and North America.
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True
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Nodosaurus is about 5.5 m long and the entire body was covered by bony plates that formed a thick continuous covering over the torso.
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true
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3. Most ankylosaurs weighed 3000 to 4000 kg.
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true
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4. The Ankylosauridae, or ankylosaurids, are armored dinosaurs having a large club of bone on the end of the tail.
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True
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Panoplosaurus was the first ankylosaur to be described from North America.
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false
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6. The difference in the width of ankylosaurid beaks may be related to differences in the types of foliage and fruit in their diets
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true
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7. All the tail vertebrae of the Ankloysaurus tail were fused together stiffening the entire tail.
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false
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8. Ankylosaurs were quadrupeds with a lowly held head, indicating that they were low browsers.
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true
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1. This sauropod was the ultimate tree-top browser.
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Brachiosaurus
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2. Dr. John Ostrom of Yale started a reexamination of the nature of living dinosaurs (as more dynamic and some possibly even warm-blooded) with his description of this new theropod in 1969.
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Deinonychus
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3. The ________ have one or more rows of armored plates (or osteoscutes) set in the skin above or along the vertebral column and a post-orbital process of the jugal bone expanded transversely.
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steogosauria
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5. The humerus-to-femur ratio of the Diplodocidae is greater than 1
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false
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6. The skulls of this family of ankylosaurs are narrow (pear-shaped from above), longer than the width and lacks horns on the rear corners
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nodosauridae
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7. ______ is the only sauropod found in North America above the “Sauropod Hiatus”, an approximately 20-25 million year interval of the Upper Cretaceous without sauropods.
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Alamosaurus
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8. Dinosaurs inhabited all continents.
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true
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9. The osteoscutes of stegosaurs were attached directly to the skeleton fixing them rigidly in place.
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false
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10. The Sauropoda are found on all continents, except Antarctica.
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true
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11. Ornithopods are not known to have been herding animals
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false
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12. This genus from the large Euornithopoda clade was bipedal, only 2-5 meters long, and exhibited the specialized chewing arrangement of more advanced ornithopods.
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Hypsilophodon
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13. This theropod was the largest of all meat-eating dinosaurs:
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gigantosaurus
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14. The Brachiosauridae have longer forelimbs than hind limbs
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true
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15. Hadrosaurs are differentiated into two subfamilies based upon their skull characteristics, the flat roofed or solid-crested Hadrosaurinae and the hollow-crested Lambeosaurinae.
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true
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16. Ankylosaurs have batteries of teeth that form large rasping surfaces.
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false
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17. Scutellosaurus and Scelidosaurus are primitive thyreophora from the Lower Jurassic possessing parallel rows of keeled dermal armor scutes along the back surface of the body
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true
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18. Panoplosaurus lacks tall spines as part of its armor but has a relatively wide skull
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true
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19. Which of these Stegosauria is the smallest?
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Scutellosaurus
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20. Only the fenestrae of ankylosaurs were unarmored
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false
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21. This family of theropods is toothless and resembles giant flightless birds:
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Ornithomimiosauridae
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23. Which statement about Stegosaurus is false?
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it has a high skull
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24. Stegosaur tracks, nests, eggs, and skeletal remains are much more common than ornithopods:
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false
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25. Theropods have solid bones
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false
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26. Ornithomimosaurus had no teeth and is known as the “bird mimic lizard”
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true
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27. The Sauropoda is a small clade of plant-eaters containing no more than 10 genera
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false
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28. The so-called duck-billed hadrosaurs were restricted to the Jurassic Period
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false
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29. Hadrosaurs may have had inflatable air sacs over the flat dorsal portion of the skull surrounding the external nostrils.
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true
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30. Tetanurae were the most primitive theropods
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false
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31. The maximum number of caudal vertebrae among the Diplodocidae is
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more than 70
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32. The sauropodomorpha evolved during the early Triassic and survived to the end of the Cretaceous
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false
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33. Stegosaurus had how many pairs of spines at the end of its tail
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two
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34. This was the largest theropod of North America, lived during the latest Cretaceous, and only had two fingers on its short arms:
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tyrannosaurus
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35. Steogosaurs were
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all of these (poor oral processors of plants, low browsers, cold-blooded, using their plates for thermoregulation, slow moving)
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36. The Iguanodontia have closely packed batteries of teeth
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true
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37. Members of the Sauropoda had no fewer than 12 cervical vertebrae:
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true
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38. Dromaeosuars or raptors diversified during this period
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cretaceous
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39. Stegosaurus has never been found buried in the same deposit as Allosaurus.
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false
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40. Which of the following features is true about theropods?
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All are true (their tail was stiff and acted as a body balance, they have claws on all fingers and toes, have hollow bones, teeth well most of them were generally sharp, large, serrated, and recurved)
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41. There is some evidence that raptors were pack hunters.
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true
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42. The signature characteristic of ______ is that it has extremely long neural spines (43 cm, 17 in) along the top of the vertebrae of the back, hips, and tail
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Acrocanthosaurus
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43. The name “Ceratosauria” means horned lizard
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true
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44. Ankylosaurids exhibit differences in their beaks, in some the beak is scoop-shaped and relatively narrow but in others the beak is broad.
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true
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45. Sauropods were solitary animals never traveling in groups:
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false
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46. Which of the following about hadrosaurs is false?
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They have a single tooth row of large teeth on each side of the jaw.
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47. Ossified or bony tendons in the tails of many ornithopods served to
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stiffen the tail
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48. Some sauropods significantly exceeded 100 feet in length.
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true
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49. The Ghost Ranch video was taken at the quarry where this dinosaur was found.
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Coelophysis
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50. From the fossil record, we infer that ankylosaurs lived in what type of habitat
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upland dry regions
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Which of the following statements about the sauropoda is false
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none of these
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52. Which of the following statements about ornithopods is false?
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they were never very abundant or diverse
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The stegosauria have only been found only in North America
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false
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54. The oldest ankylosaurs come from the Middle Jurassic and survived to the end of the Cretaceous.
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true
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55. Coelurosaurs have a greater heightening of the ascending process of the astragalus, a splint of bone that originates at the main articulating joint of the astragalus and covering the lower quarter of the shin (tibia)
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true
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57. Apatosaurus was formally known as Brontosaurus ( the latter is a Jr. synonym)
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true
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58. None of the Stegosauridae family have plate-like osteoderms across the back, sacrum, and tail
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false
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59. The largest plant and meat-eating dinosaurs are both exhibited in this museum
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the fernbank museum in atlanta
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60. The teeth of Apatosaurus are
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peg-like
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61. The armor of anklyosaurs led them to be more diverse and abundant than the ornithopods
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false
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62. Kentrosaurus has a large hollow in two sacral vertebrae that has been mistakenly interpreted as the location of the second brain
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true
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63. The pairs of terminal tails spines and the pointed parascapular spines in other stegosaurs seem to have been the main means of defense
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true
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64. Sauropod feet had big fleshy pads
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true
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65. Which dinosaur group had the most advanced (effective) teeth for the processing of plants in the mouth
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hadrosaurs
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66. Gastonia, the “walking hedge of throns,” is a member of this family of ankylosaurs.
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Polacanthidae
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67. Ankylosaurs have a large, armored head and a relatively long, thick neck.
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false
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68. Ankylosaurus and Euoplocephalus are members of a North America clade of ankylosaurs.
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true
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69. To John Ostrom, the anatomy of Deinochyus was one of an agile, active and intelligent hunter, and thus he began a re-evaluation of the nature of dinosaur behavior and metabolism that continues to today.
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true
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70. The Thyreophora is a clade of ornithischian dinosaurs
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true
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71. Ankylosaurs were small-to-relatively large, bipedal, carnivorous, ornithischian dinosaurs.
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false
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72. Dromaeousaurs have an enlarged second toe-claw on each foot that it used in making slashing attacks.
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true
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73. Which statement about the Iguanodontia is false?
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they had small external nostrils
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74. Which of the following about the Polacanthidae is false
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They have a tail club, fused sacral armor covers the hips.
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75. Mymoorapelta resembles a combination between an Ankylosaurus and Nodosaurus.
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false
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76. This small family of theropods does not include true raptors and is characterized by a deep, toothless skull bearing a shortened snout, and a palate with two boney prongs. The type genus was discovered in Mongolia on a nest of eggs it was thought to be stealing when killed
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Oviraptoridae
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77. Othnielia, a small member of the Hypsilophodontidae family of ornithopods, was named in honor of a famous dinosaur paleontologist, being named for the first name of
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Marsh
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78. Carcharodontosaurus has extremely long neural spines along the top of the vertebrae of the back hips, and tail.
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false
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79. The sauropoda were all bipedal herbivores.
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false
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Diplodocus and Apartosaurs are members of this family of sauropods-
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DIPLODOCIDAE
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80. ______ must have hunted small herbivores but sometimes resorted to cannibalism
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Coelophysis
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____was named by JR Horner
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82. Maiasaura
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1. The stride refers to the distance between successive steps, for example, the distance between the step of your right foot and your next step of the left foot.
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false
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2. Among the important measurements taken at trackways is the depth of the impression
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false
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3. Dinosaur tracks are best preserved in sediment that was moist but not too moist
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true
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4. The heel of tridactyl theropod tracks is more rounded than the heel of tridactyl hadrosuars tracks
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false
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5. Theropod tracks generally have relatively long and narrow digit impressions, each digit ending with sharp, slender claw marks.
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true
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6. The largest of the front prints of sauropods are more than a meter long and deep as a bathtub
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true
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7. More than one consecutive dinosaur track is a
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trackway
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8. The initial step in measuring dinosaurs tracks and trackways is to measure the size and shape of individual fore (manus) and hind (pes) footprints and the angles and distances between them
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true
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9. Dinosaur tracks have been found on all continents, except
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antartica
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10. Quadruped tracks generally reveal differences in the size and shape of rear and front prints.
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true
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11. Quadruped tracks are the most common type of dinosaur tracks, suggesting that most dinosaurs walked on four legs.
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false
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12. The Linnaean system of nomenclature provides a uniform language of communication for scientists to refer to the same object or species
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true
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The term “pentadactyl” refers to a foot or hand with how many digits
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5
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14. Tracks of stegosaurs are extremely rare which suggests that stegosaurs were probably upland or dryland animals, rarely near wetland areas where tracks are preserved.
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true
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15. Dinosaurs did not drag their tail or belly, indicating they walked upright with their limbs directly (or nearly so) under their body.
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true
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16. The term gastrolith refers to fossilized fecal material
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false
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17. Coprolites are trace fossils representing stones that were swallowed to assist in the digestion of food
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false
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18. In some places bedding planes are completely covered with dinosaur tracks. They most often seem to occur around watering holes but may also be developed along migratory paths. These types of track occurrences are called
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dinosaur stomping grounds
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|
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19. Dinosaur tracks and trackways demonstrate that dinosaurs were diagonal walkers, meaning there is an angle between the mid-line of travel and successive right and left footprints.
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true
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20. The term ______ refers to those tracks with four digits.
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tetradactyl
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In rare cases, internal organs many be represented as fossil molds or casts, even more rarely they are mineralized-
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true
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The blood pressure required to pump blood from the heart to the head is a function of the distance and elevation of the head from the heart-
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true
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Dinosaurs developed tumors, had arthritis, and suffered from diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)
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true
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All animals have different monocular and binocular ranges of vision
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true
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Allosaurus and Carcharadontosaurus had binocular fields of vision half as wide and more similar to modern alligators. These dinosaurs may have been ambush predators-
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true
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Although some fossilized dinosaur organs have been recovered, none of these is of a heart-
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false
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An infection of the toe on the right foot of “Big Al” the Allosaurus contributed to his death-
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true
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Active predators tend to have a narrower range of depth perception than scavengers or ambush predators-
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false
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The crest of lambeosaurines are hollow with a complex series of tubes inside, connecting to the nose and throats
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true
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Three-dimensional vision occurs because each eye sees an object at a slightly different angle, therefore, projecting a slightly different image on the retina
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true
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A mature Brachiosaurus may have held its head 43 feet (13m) above the ground, more than twice the height of a giraffe-
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true
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Binocular vision occurs where the two monocular fields of view overlap and it is within the binocular range that an animal experiences depth perception
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true
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Bacterial infection from bites and scratches may have been lethal to dinosaurs-
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true
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A hatchling of this dinosaur was found in Italy with fossilized traces of muscles, large intestines, windpipe and a liver spot-
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Scipionyx
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1. Most endotherms have an erect gait
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true
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2. Ectothermic animals maintain a body temperature at 36-40 degrees C
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false
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3. Ectothermic animals develop their heat from the external environment rather than metabolic sources
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true
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4. The optimum temperature of mammals is usually lower than those in the environment around them.
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false
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5. Most ectotherms have sprawling postures
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true
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6. The density of blood vessels in bone is higher in all ectotherms than in endotherms
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false
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7. Endotherms require great motor and sensory control, which is associated with larger and more complex brains.
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true
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8. Endotherms must eat more food per body volume than ectotherms because of their higher level of activity.
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true
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9. Dinosaurs have complex scrolls of thin bone within the nasal cavity (turbinates) once covered with mucous membranes.
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false
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10. Many dinosaurs have lamellar-zonal bone (growth rings), a common characteristic of living ectotherms with seasonal pauses in their growth.
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true
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11. Mammals have a fully divided four-chambered heart and numerous fossil dinosaur hearts have only two chambers.
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false
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|
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12. One dinosaur researcher, Dr. Bakker, finds the predator/herbivore dinosaur ratios similar to Cenozoic mammal (endothermic) populations and interpreted this as strong evidence for endothermy.
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true
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13. Today feathers are only found on endothermic birds.
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true
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14. Endotherms require more food per body weight than is the case for ectotherms
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true
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Most endotherms are egg-layers.
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true
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16. Growth rings occur in all living endotherms because of a seasonal pause in bone growth as food supplies are limited or climate unfavorable.
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false
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17. Endotherms require high blood pressure and rapid blood circulation to allow oxygen and energy to circulate quickly through the body.
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true
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|
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18. The rate of metabolic reactions depends on the internal body temperature.
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true
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|
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19. Large ectothermic dinosaurs would have more trouble maintaining a constant body temperature than smaller ones because of their large body volume.
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false
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20. Endothermic predator-prey ratios should be lower than for ectotherms.
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true
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KEEP ON GOING - YOU CAN DO IT
|
YOU ARE A DINOS SUPERSTAR.
|
|
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_____is believed to be the heaviest dinosaur
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argentinosaurus
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____is the dinosaur with the thickest skull:
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pachycephalosaurus
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|
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_____has the biggest and longest skull of any dinosaur:
|
torosaurus
|
|
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Carcharodontosaurus is larger than Tyrannosaurus rex.:
|
true
|
|
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_____is believed to be the longest dinosaur
|
supersaurus
|
|
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_____is the dinosaur with the smallest head relative to its body size:
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stegosaurus
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|
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_____was probably the most intelligent dinosaur based on brain size relative to body size:
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troodon
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|
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_____was probably the shortest adult dinosaur,measuring 20 inches(50.8cm):
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MICROPACHYCEPHALOSAURUS
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|
|
The most expensive dinosaur ever purchased is the Tyrannosaurus rex called "sue":
|
true
|
|
|
._____was the last of the great meat-eaters:
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tyrannosaurus rex
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|
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_____lived about 95 million years ago and appears to edge out other theropods for the title of the largest meat-eater
|
gigantosaurus
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1. The sclerotic ring is a doughnut-shaped bone surrounding the _____.
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eye
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|
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2. Plesiosaurs evolved during the Late Triassic and became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous (same time as dinosaurs).
|
true
|
|
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3. The diet of mosasaurs also includeda great deal of squid-like cephalopods, particularly of the now extinct ammonites and belemnites.
|
true
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4. Fossil evidence reveals that some mosasaurs were cannibalistic.
|
true
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5. The first ichthyosaurs appeared during the Middle Triassic.
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false
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Skulls of some mosasaurs were found with a ________, a scent sniffer used by snakes and lizards
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jacobson's organ
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|
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7. Ichthyosaurs preceded dinosaurs by some 20-30 million years
|
true
|
|
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8. All plesiosaurs had ________, or belly ribs, that interlocked and supported the belly.
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gastralia
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|
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9. Based upon the size of ichthyosaurs, it is estimated as capable of diving to a depth of 600 meters and coming back to the surface in 20 minutes
|
true
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10. Ichthyosaur fossils have been found on most continents.
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true
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|
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11. Elasmosaurs had large skulls and short necks.
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false
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12. Like turtles, ichthyosaurs were egg-layers.
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false
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13. The ancestry of ichthyosaurs is uncertain but they most likely are related to the __________, a group including dinosaurs, birds, pterosaurs, lizards, snakes, etc.
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diapsids
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|
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14. Ichthyosaurs have short arms with strong limb girdles used for swimming
|
false
|
|
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15. The geologic range of mosasaurs is restricted to what period?
|
cretaceous
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|
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16. Propulsion of mosasaurs through the water was accomplished by _________.
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Undulation of the eel-like tail
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|
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17. Ichthyosaurs were extinct when Mosasaurs evolved.
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true
|
|
|
18. Swimming propulsion of plesiosaurs was provided by the ___________.
|
giant paddles
|
|
|
YOU WILL GET 100 ON THIS TEST
|
I HAVE FAITH IN YOU.
|
|
|
1. Some Rhamphorhynchus specimens have a membranous tail vane.
|
true
|
|
|
2. Pterosaurs have a small head, relative to their body size
|
false
|
|
|
3. The 400-500 teeth in each jaw of Pterodaustro may have been used as a sieve for filtering out plankton scooped up into its mouth.
|
true
|
|
|
4. All pterosaurs lacked teeth.
|
false
|
|
|
5. The pterosaur images in your text reveal that this South American country has a rich fossil record of these winged creatures.
|
brazil
|
|
|
6. Pterosuars were the first vertebrates to develop flapping flight.
|
true
|
|
|
7. There is no evidence that pterosaurs had body hair.
|
false
|
|
|
8. Which statement about pteranodons is false?
|
they were all filter feeders
|
|
|
9. The earliest pterosaurs are from the ________of Italy.
|
upper triassic
|
|
|
10. All pterosaurs skulls have huge eye sockets.
|
true
|
|
|
11. Pteranodons are among those pterosaurs exhibiting a number of anatomical differences between the sexes.
|
true
|
|
|
12. In most pterosaurs, the scapula and coracoid are fused to form a
|
scapulocoracoid
|
|
|
13. Most endotherms bear live young.
|
true
|
|
|
14. Pterosaurs have a global distribution
|
true
|
|
|
15. Ramphorhyncoids went extinct prior to the great extinction of dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous
|
true
|
|
|
16. The pterosaurs diversified into several lineages during the Lower Triassic
|
false
|
|
|
17. Which vertebrate animals were the first to be capable of powered flight?
|
pterosaurs
|
|
|
18. The pterosaur humerus has a large _______ an anterior projection for the anchoring of flight muscles.
|
deltopectoral crest,
|
|
|
19. Only endothermic animals have developed the ability to fly
|
true
|
|
|
20. The shape of the deltopectoral crest is used to differentiate pterosaur clades.
|
true
|
|
|
21. The _______ is a small membrane spanning the area between the shoulder and the wrist of pterosaurs.
|
propatagium
|
|
|
22. There is no evidence of sexual dimorphism in pterosaurs
|
false
|
|
|
23. The ______ was a pterosaur membrane that extended from the fifth toe to the tail along the posterior edge of the leg.
|
uropatagia
|
|
|
24. A decrease in the abundance and diversity of pterosaurs during the Cretaceous, most probably was caused by ________
|
diversification of marine birds.
|
|
|
the main wing membrane of pterosaurs is the ______.
|
patagium
|
|
|
1. The fossil record reveals that extinctions typically involve all forms of life at similar rates-
|
false
|
|
|
2. _____ is a rare platinum group metal
|
Iridium
|
|
|
3. The kuiper Cloud is a large, spherical cloud of comets surrounding the solar system
|
false
|
|
|
4. Fossil record reveals that most species extinctions were caused by changes in the natural environment-
|
true
|
|
|
5. The Barringer meteor crater is a young crater located in this state-
|
Arizona
|
|
|
6. The shortcoming of the volcanic hypothesis…-
|
true
|
|
|
7. A rough estimate of the average duration of species prior to extinction is-
|
about 2 million years
|
|
|
8. The most famous of all extinctions occurred at the end of the _____ and marks the boundary between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras
|
cretaceous
|
|
|
9. The greatest extinction in history occurred at the end of this period.-
|
permian
|
|
|
10. All dinosaurs became extinct at the cretaceous/ tertiary boundary-
|
true
|
|
|
_____are dusty iceballs of rock, frozen water and organic compounds
|
comets
|
|
|
12. In 1981, the geophysicist G. Penfield found a bowl shaped depression near the yucatan peninsula town of chicxulub that he thought might be the c/t boundary impact crater.-
|
true
|
|
|
The comet head consists of a solid nucleus surrounded by a _____ up to 1.5 million miles in diameter.
|
nebulous coma
|
|
|
14. Microtektites are small, droplet-shaped silica glass cooled from molten material expelled from an impact crater
|
true
|
|
|
The vast majority of asteroids in our solar system are found in the asteroid belt between Jupiter and Pluto-
|
false
|
|
|
16. once the flash heating of the atmosphere by the terminal cretaceous impact cooled, atmospheric temperatures would have risen because of the vast amount of particulate matter in the atmosphere blocking solar radiation from reaching the surface.-
|
false
|
|
|
17. unlike the moon, earth has very active weathering processes that over time remove the evidence of impacts or at least make old ones very hard to recognize-
|
true
|
|
|
The extinction of a species occurs when the last representative of a species no longer capable of reproducing and dies, leaving only the fossil legacy of its time on earth
|
true
|
|
|
19. the fossil record reveals that the rate of extinction over geologic history was not at a uniform rate-
|
true
|
|
|
The Deccan traps of India and Pakistan, southern Brazil and the Western United States all show evidence of extensive volcanism at the time of the C/T boundary.
|
true
|
|
|
Running, Stegoceras would have had its back almost perpendicular with the ground requiring the tail to act as a counterbalance.
|
false
|
|
|
Pachycephalosauridae have a flat skull roof
|
false
|
|
|
Which of the following pachycephalosaur characteristic is false?
|
quadrupedal
|
|
|
Pachycephalosaurs first evolved during the ____.
|
early cretaceous
|
|
|
All known pachycephalosaurs are from the Northern Hemisphere
|
true
|
|
|
Most Pachycephalosaurs lived during the Late Cretaceous in ______.
|
North America and Asia
|
|
|
The name “Pachycephalosauria” means _____.
|
thick headed
|
|
|
The Homalocephalidae were the largest pachycephalosaurs.
|
false
|
|
|
The thickened skull of ______ has led to speculation that males clashed heads with one another in competition for females during breeding season.
|
pachycephalosaurs
|
|
|
Pachycephalosaurs were all bipedal
|
true
|
|
|
Homalocephale from Mongolia had a relatively flat skull roof.
|
true
|
|
|
The Pachycephalosauria are divided into only two families based upon their ____.
|
skull roof characteristics
|
|
|
Pachycephalosaurs were all herbivores.
|
true
|
|
|
The Homalocephalidae family is more diverse than the Pachycephalosauridae.
|
false
|
|
|
Unlike Stegoceras, Pachycephalosaurus has very prominent bony spikes projecting from the snout.
|
true
|
|
|
Sauropods with a humerus-to femur ratio of less than one have front limbs longer than hind limbs
|
false
|
|
|
Some have likened this marine reptile to being a sauropod of the deep because of its long neck
|
elasmosaurus
|
|
|
1. Centrosaurus has two large frill openings (parietal fenestra) with a parietal strut dividing them
|
true
|
|
|
2. The neoceratopsia is comprised of two families, the smaller Protoceratopsidae and the ceratopsidae.
|
true
|
|
|
3. The ceratopsia (horned face) includes a relatively large group of some 20 genes, mostly from upper cretaceous of North America
|
true
|
|
|
4. All ceratopsians had horns on their skull.
|
false
|
|
|
5. Ceratopsians became very abundant in the late cretaceous, especially in North America
|
true
|
|
|
6. The margins of some ceratopsian frills had extra bones called______.
|
Epoccipitals
|
|
|
7. Whereas Psittacosaurus has only a small rudimentary frill, the protoceratopsidae display a much larger bony frill that extended back over the neck.
|
true
|
|
|
8. While the protoceratopsidae were bipedal, the psittacosaurus were clearly an obligate quadrupedal.
|
false
|
|
|
9. As in the case with the psittacosauridae, the protoceratopsidae have no nasal or post-orbital horns, just a thickened bump in front of the orbit
|
true
|
|
|
10. The ceratopsidae are all large, habitually bipedal, with very large skulls, large nostrils, very prominent frills, and a variety of horns.
|
false
|
|
|
11. All ceratopsians had a relatively large frill.
|
false
|
|
|
12. Ceratopsians do not display sexual dimorphism.
|
false
|
|
|
13. Psittacosaurus is the basal member of the ceratopsian clade and the only member of the Psittacosauride.
|
true
|
|
|
15. Triceratops was the smallest of all ceratopsians.
|
false
|
|
|
16. Ceratopsians are ornithischian dinosaurs and are closely related to ornithopods, both being plant-eating ornithischians
|
true
|
|
|
17. Pentaceratops has five significant horns-two horns are forward-pointing over the orbits, another a nasal horn, and two protruding cheekbone horns.
|
true
|
|
|
18. The frill is a shelf of bone projecting from the back of the skull
|
true
|
|
|
the neoceatopsia were obligate bipedals
|
false
|
|
|
20. Proceratops has no horns (nasal or post orbital) and the nostrils are much larger than the ceratopsidae.
|
false
|
|
|
21. Chasmosaurus has two very large openings (parietal fenestra) in the frill
|
true
|
|
|
22. Centrosaurus has six long bony spikes sticking out fanwise from the back of its frill.
|
false
|
|
|
23. Pachyrhinosaurus is a memorable ceratopsian of about 6 m in length, with a short beak, and low face with masses of very roughened bone that extend the length of the snout from the nose to eyes.
|
true
|
|
|
24. The neoceratopsia is comprised of two families, the smaller protoceratopsidae.
|
true
|
|
|
25. A bony shelf on the back of the skull unites this group called the ________.
|
Marginocephalia
|
|
|
26. Proceratops bears the distinction of being one of the first dinosaurs for which specimens were found of a range of ages, probably of each sex.
|
true
|
|
|
14. Ceratopsians were very social animals, come traveling in large groups or herds of 1000 or more individuals
|
true
|
|
|
1. Osborn thought the Bone Cabin Quarry fossils accumulated
|
in an old river barn
|
|
|
2. Who discovered dinosaur fossils near Jensen, Utah and developed it into Dinosaur National Monument
|
Earl Douglass
|
|
|
3. The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry National Landmark is located in Cleveland, Ohio
|
false
|
|
|
4. In the reading “Fossils Wonders of the West,” Osborn mentions a theory of dinosaur extinction based upon egg pouching by mammals.
|
true
|
|
|
5. In 2001, University of Utah graduate student Terri “Bucky” Gates hypothesized that the great number of dinosaur bones found in Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry is best explained by the presence of quicksand deposited by the runoff from a freshwater lake deposit
|
false
|
|
|
6. The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry contains the densest concentration of dinosaur bones from the Jurassic ever discovered
|
true
|
|
|
7. Roughly three-quarters of all dinosaur bones discovered at the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry were those of plant-eating dinosaurs
|
false
|
|
|
8. The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry suffered a devastating loss in the 1960s, when uranium exploration destroyed an estimated 100,000 dinosaur bones
|
false
|
|
|
9. No teeth marks were ever found among dinosaur bones in the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry
|
false
|
|
|
Dinosaur National Monument is the largest and most spectacular display in the world of dinosaur bones still embedded in the rocks that surround them
|
true
|
|
|
11. The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry National Landmark is still an active quarry
|
true
|
|
|
A Mexican sheepherder build a cabin of dinosaur bones at the site of Bone Cabin Quarry
|
true
|
|
|
The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry was first discovered by Princeton graduate student William Lloyd
|
false
|
|
|
15. Dinosaur National Monument was a dinosaur quarry for the Carnegie Museum prior to becoming a National Monument
|
true
|
|
|
In the Spring of 1898 Henry Fairfield Osborn discovered Bone Cabin Quarry
|
true
|
|
|
Bone Cabin Quarry is near (10miles) this famous dinosaur locality
|
Como Bluffs
|
|
|
19. The exact boundaries of the bone beds at Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry are still unknown
|
true
|
|
|
1. This group of marine reptiles has long limb paddles (it used them for swimming), a short tail, a very long neck with a small head:
|
elasmosaurs
|
|
|
2. The most expensive dinosaur ever bought at an auction is that of a:
|
tyrannosaurus
|
|
|
3. An unusual concentration of this rare element at the type section of the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary (top of the Cretaceous) was used to propose an asteroid impact origin for the terminal Cretaceous extinction:
|
iridium
|
|
|
4. These Mesozoic marine reptiles used their crescent-shaped tail for swimming nd gave birth to live young (fossil evidence):
|
ichthyosaurs
|
|
|
5. Studies of dinosaur vision reveal that
|
they had narrower binocular vision and less depth perception than mammals.
|
|
|
6. Dinosaur tracks provide information about:
|
all of these
|
|
|
7. The stride of a dinosaur is the distance between successive steps of the same limb
|
true
|
|
|
8. Pachycephalosaurs exhibit a variety of anatomical adaptations which functioned to reduce the skeletal forces of head butting
|
true
|
|
|
9. If all dinosaurs were cold-blooded or ectothermic, which would have had a more stable body temperatue because of their size (making them inertial homeotherms or gigantotherms):
|
sauropods
|
|
|
10. The largest and best preserved North American pachycephalosaur illustrated in the text is:
|
Pachycephalosaurus
|
|
|
11. Most species undergoing extinction at the end of the Cretaceous died as a consequence of:
|
prolonged cold and darkness
|
|
|
12. Tracks and trackways of this group of dinosaurs are more abundant than the other types:
|
ornithopods
|
|
|
13. Healed fractures of dinosaur bones can be identified by the presence of a:
|
callus
|
|
|
14. Most pachycephalosaurs had a domed head but this more primitive family has a flat, table-like skull roof
|
Homalocephalidae
|
|
|
15. These two groups of dinosaurs are united into the Marginocephalia by having a shelf of bone projecting from the posterior of the skull
|
ceratopsians and pachycephalosaurs
|
|
|
16. The largest skull of any dinosaur is that of a:
|
ceratopsian
|
|
|
17. Thse giant Mesozoic marine reptiles are restricted to the Cretaceous and have long deep lizard like tails that they used for propulsion:
|
mosasaurs
|
|
|
18. Impact craters are much less common on Earth than the Moon and other planets because tectonics and the weathering processes, caused by our atmosphere, have destroyed or obscured many impact sites:
|
true
|
|
|
19. The family of ceratopsians is characterized by its large size (13-26 feet long), quadrupedal posture, large skulls (3-8 feet), large nostrils, prominent frills, and a variety of horns:
|
ceratopsidae
|
|
|
20. This ceratopsian was discovered in Mongolia by the American Museum of Natural History. It is small (6 feet long by 3 feet high, about the size of a boar) and has a small frill with two parietal fenestrae:
|
proceratops
|
|
|
21. Which of these proxies were examined to interpret dinosaur metabolism
|
all of these
|
|
|
22. A video in Topic 31: Dinosaur Quarries and the Thrill of Discovery, discusses the unusual number of Allosaurus remains found at this quarry:
|
Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry national Monument
|
|
|
23. The Cretaceous decline in pterosaur species diversity appears more related to
|
the increased diversity and abundance of shore birds
|
|
|
24. Digit four of the pterosaur was the wing finger, supporting most of this membrane:
|
patagium
|
