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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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basal metabolic rate (BMR) |
amount of heat produced by the body per unit of time when it is under basal conditions - at rest |
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bolus |
a mass of food bound together and moistened by mucus in saliva |
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catabolism |
process in which substances are broken down to simpler substances |
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cholecystokinin |
an intestinal hormone that stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic juice release |
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chyme |
the semifluid stomach contents consisting of partially digested food and gastric secretions; enters the small intestine through the pyloric sphincter |
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deglutition |
swallowing; a complex process that involves the coordinated activity of several structures; 2 phases: buccal and pharyngeal esophageal |
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haustra |
small pocketlike intestine; between the jejunum and the cecum of the large intestine |
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ketoacidosis |
condition of the blood being acidic (aka acidosis) |
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lacteal |
special lymphatic capillaries of the small intestines that take up lipids |
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masticated |
chewed |
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mesentery |
the double-layered membrane of the peritoneum that supports most organs in the abdominal cavity |
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metabolism |
broad term referring to all chemical reactions that are necessary to maintain life |
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peristalsis |
involuntary and involves alternating waves of contraction and relaxation of the muscles in he organ wall; swallowing depends largely on this propulsive process |
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Peyer's patches |
local collections of lymphatic tissue found in submucosa and increase in number toward the end of the small intestine |
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rugae |
elevations or ridges, as in the mucosa of the stomach; when the stomach is empty, it collapses inward on itself, and its mucosa is thrown into these |
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segmentation |
helps propel foodstuffs through the small intestine; normally moves food only back and forth across the internal wall of the organ, serving to mix it with the digestive juices. more an example of mechanical digestion than of propulsion |
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serosa |
outermost layer of the alimentary canal wall; consists of a single layer of flat serous fluid producing cells |
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vestibule |
space between the lips and cheeks and the teeth and gums internally |
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villi |
fingerlike projections of the mucosa that give it a velvety appearance and feel |
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total metabloic rate |
the total amount of kilocalories the body must consume to fuel all ongoing activities |
