Digestive System Chapter 8

Front 1

an/o

Back 1

anus, ring

Front 2

chol/e

Back 2

bile, gall

Front 3

cholecyst/o

Back 3

gallbladder

Front 4

col/o, colon/o

Back 4

colon, large intestine

Front 5

-emesis

Back 5

vomiting

Front 6

enter/o

Back 6

small intestine

Front 7

esophag/o

Back 7

esophagus

Front 8

gastr/o

Back 8

stomach, belly

Front 9

hepat/o

Back 9

liver

Front 10

-lithiasis

Back 10

presence of stones

Front 11

-pepsia

Back 11

digest, digestion

Front 12

-phagia

Back 12

eating, swallowing

Front 13

proct/o

Back 13

anus and rectum

Front 14

rect/o

Back 14

rectum, straight

Front 15

sigmoid/o

Back 15

sigmoid colon

Front 16

aerophagia

Back 16

excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking

Front 17

anastomosis

Back 17

a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures

Front 18

anorexia nervosa

Back 18

an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance that leads to a refusal to maintain a normal body weight

Front 19

antiemetic

Back 19

medication administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting

Front 20

aphthous ulcers

Back 20

gray-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth

Front 21

ascites

Back 21

an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Front 22

bariatrics

Back 22

the branch of medicine for the prevention and control of obesity and associated diseases

Front 23

borborygmus

Back 23

the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine

Front 24

bulimia nervosa

Back 24

an eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting

Front 25

cachexia

Back 25

physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS

Front 26

celiac disease

Back 26

an inherited autoimmune disorder characterized by a severe reaction to foods containing gluten

Front 27

cheilosis

Back 27

a disorder of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth

Front 28

cholangiography

Back 28

a radio-graphic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium

Front 29

cholangitis

Back 29

an acute inflammation of the bile duct characterized by pain in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice

Front 30

cholecystectomy

Back 30

the surgical removal of the gallbladder

Front 31

cholecystitis

Back 31

inflammation of the gallbladder that is usually associated with gallstones

Front 32

choledocholithotomy

Back 32

an incision in the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones

Front 33

cholelithiasis

Back 33

the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts

Front 34

cirrhosis

Back 34

a chronic degenerative disease of the liver characterized by scarring

Front 35

colonoscopy

Back 35

direct visual examination of the inner surface of the colon from the rectum to the cecum

Front 36

colostomy

Back 36

the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface

Front 37

Crohn's disease

Back 37

a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon

Front 38

diverticulitis

Back 38

inflammation or infection of one or more diverticula in the wall of the colon

Front 39

diverticulosis

Back 39

the chronic presence of an abnormal number of diverticula in the wall of the colen

Front 40

dyspepsia

Back 40

pain or discomfort in digestion

Front 41

dysphagia

Back 41

difficulty in swallowing

Front 42

enteritis

Back 42

inflammation of the small intestine caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral or bacterial pathogens

Front 43

eructation

Back 43

the act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach

Front 44

esophageal varices

Back 44

enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus

Front 45

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Back 45

the endoscopic examination of the upper GI tract

Front 46

gastroduodenostomy

Back 46

the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum

Front 47

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Back 47

the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus

Front 48

gastrostomy tube

Back 48

a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body directly into the stomach

Front 49

hematemesis

Back 49

the vomiting of blood

Front 50

hemoccult test

Back 50

a lab test for hidden blood in the stools

Front 51

hepatitis

Back 51

inflammation of the liver

Front 52

herpes labialis

Back 52

blister-like sores on the lips caused by HSV-1

Front 53

hiatal hernia

Back 53

the protrusion of part of the stomach through an opening in the diaphragm

Front 54

hyperemesis

Back 54

extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration

Front 55

ileus

Back 55

the partial or complete blockage of the small and/or large intestine

Front 56

inguinal hernia

Back 56

the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin

Front 57

jaundice

Back 57

a yellow discoloration the skin, mucous membrane, and eyes

Front 58

leukoplakia

Back 58

an abnormal white precancerous lesion that develops inside the mouth in response to chronic irritation

Front 59

melena

Back 59

the passage of black, tarry, and foul-smelling stools

Front 60

morbid obesity

Back 60

the condition of weighing two or more times the ideal weight of having a body mass index value greater than 40

Front 61

nasogastric intubation

Back 61

the placement of a tube through the nose and into the stomach

Front 62

obesity

Back 62

an excessive accumulation of fat in the body

Front 63

palatoplasty

Back 63

surgical repair of a cleft palate or lip

Front 64

peptic ulcers

Back 64

sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system

Front 65

peristalsis

Back 65

a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles

Front 66

polyp

Back 66

a mushroom-like growth from the surface of the mucous membrane

Front 67

proctologist

Back 67

a physician who specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus

Front 68

regurgitation

Back 68

the return of swallowed food into the mouth

Front 69

salmonellosis

Back 69

an infectious disease transmitted by feces, either through direct contact or by eating contaminated raw or undercooked food

Front 70

sigmoidoscopy

Back 70

the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possible a portion of the descending colon

Front 71

stomatitis

Back 71

inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth

Front 72

trismus

Back 72

any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer

Front 73

ulcerative colitis

Back 73

a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation

Front 74

volvulus

Back 74

twisting of the intestine on itself, causing an obstruction

Front 75

xerostomia

Back 75

the lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands