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203 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the inner lining of the digestive system
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mucous membrane
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the middle layer of digestive system
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smooth muscle
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outer layer of digestive system
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serous membrane
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combining form for mouth
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stomat/o
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pain in the mouth
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stomatalgia
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inflammation of the mouth
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stomatitis
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surgical repair of the mouth
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stomatoplasty
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suffix for an instrument used to examine
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-scope
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instrument for examining the mouth
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stomatoscope
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process for examining the mouth with an instrument
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stomatoscopy
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combining form for tongue
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gloss/o
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inflammation of the tounge
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glossitis
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excision of the tongue
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glossectomy
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pain in the tongue
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glossalgia
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pertaining to the tongue
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glossal
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prefix meaning below or under
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hypo-
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a structure that is located under the tongue
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hypoglossal
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prefix that means the same as hypo-
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sub-
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another combining form for tongue besides gloss/o
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lingu/o
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a medication administered under the tongue
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sublingual medication
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two words that mean under the tongue
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hypoglossal, sublingual
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combining form for gums
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gingiv/o
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means pertaining to the gums
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gingival
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inflammation of the gums
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gingivitis
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gum pain
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gingivalgia
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adjective of esophagus
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esophageal
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adjective meaning pertaining to the esophagus and stomach
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esophagogastric, gastroesophageal
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stomach pain
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gastralgia
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a surgical instrument used to cut very thin slices of skin
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dermatome
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Incision into the skull
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craniotomy
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surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
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gastrectomy
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An incision into the colon to allow for drainage
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colostomy
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an instrument for inspecting the inside of the intestine
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enteroscope
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incision into the stomach
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gastrotomy
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removal of the stomach
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gastrectomy
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form an opening in the stomach, as though the abdomen for feeding someone who cannot swallow
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gastrostomy
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stomach hemorrhage (bleeding)
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gastrorrhagia
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brain hemorrhage
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encephalorrhagia
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discharge, flow
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diarrhea
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suturing, stitching, Repair by suture of a lacerated rectum or anus
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rectorrhaphy
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rupture of the intestine
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enterorrhexis
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suffix for hemorrhage
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-rrhagia
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stomach hemorrhage
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gastrorrhagia
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inflammation of the stomach
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gastritis
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pertaining to the stomach
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gastric
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the first part of the small intestine
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duodenum
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inflammation of the jejunum and the ileum
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jejunoileitis
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used in words about the small intestine or the instestine in general
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enter/o
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inflammation of the intestine
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enteritis
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the internal medicine specialty that studies diseases of the stomach and intestine
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gastroenterology
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prefix meaning difficulty or pain
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dys-
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disorder of the intestine characterized by inflammation, pain, and diarrhea
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dysentery
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pertaining to the stomach and small intestine
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gastroenteric
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hemorrhage of the small intestine
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enterorrhagia
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suffix meaning hernia
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-cele
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intestinal hernia
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enterocele
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forming a new opening between the stomach and duodenum
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gastroduodenostomy
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incision into the duodenum
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duodenotomy
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combining form for colon (large intestine)
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col/o
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pertaining to the colon or large intestine
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colic
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inflammation of the colon or large intestine
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colitis
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create an opening (stoma) into the colon from the abdominal wall through which fecal matter passes into a bag
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colostomy
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solid waste that is eliminated
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feces or stool
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combining form for small intestine
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enter/o
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adjectival form of small intestine
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enteric
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inflammation of the small intestine
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enteritis
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an instrument to examine the small intestine
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enteroscope
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combining form for rectum
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rect/o
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pertaining to the rectum
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rectal
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a rectal hernia or hernia of the rectum
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rectocele
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instrument for examining the rectum
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rectoscope
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caused by dilatation of veins that usually develop in the rectum. Increased pressure due to straining during bowel movements, childbirth, or trauma.
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hemorrhoids
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congenital closure of a tubular organ
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atresia
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act of being closed
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occlusion
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narrowing or stricture
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stenosis
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decrease in the diameter of a tube
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stricture
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abnormal falling in of walls of a structure
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collapse
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prolapse of one part into another
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intussusception
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treatment of hemorrhoids may include surgical removal
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hemorrhoidectomy
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process of examining the rectum with a rectoscope
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rectoscopy
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adjective of rectoscopy
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rectoscopic
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introduced through the sigmoid colon to the large intestine
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sigmoidoscopy
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process of using a scope to examine the liver
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hepatoscopy
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any disease of the liver
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hepatopathy
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incision into the liver
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hepatotomy
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excision of (part of) the liver
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hepatectomy
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used in words about pancreas
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pancreat/o
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pertaining to the pancreas
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pancreatic
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destruction of pancreatic tissue
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pancreatolysis
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suffix for stone or calculus
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-lith
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a stone or calculus in the pancreas
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pancreatolith
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any pancreatic disease
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pancreatopathy
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excision of part or all of the pancreas
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pancreatectomy
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incision into the pancreas
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pancreatotomy
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hemorrhage of liver
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hepatorrhagia
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suture of liver
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hepatorrhaphy
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hernia of the liver
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hepatocele
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stone in the liver
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hepatolith
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enlarged liver
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hepatomegaly
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used in words about the spleen
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splen/o
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excision of the spleen
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splenectomy
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enlargement of the spleen
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splenomegaly
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any disease of the spleen
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splenopathy
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suture of the spleen
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splenorrhaphy
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hemorrhage from the spleen
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splenorrhagia
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pain in the spleen
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splenalgia
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pertaining to the spleen
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splenic
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when an entire gastrectomy is performed, a new connection is made between the esophagus and the duodenum, this operation can also be called..
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esophagoduodenostomy
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means examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum using -scope
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esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
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used to form words about the abdomen
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abdomin/o
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adjective that means pertaining to the abdomen
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abdominal
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the insertion of a needle into a body cavity for the purpose of aspirating fluid (usually in the abdomen or chest)
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paracentesis
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surgical puncture
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centesis
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the prective sac that surrounds the fetus
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amni/o, refers to the amnion
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tapping or puncturing protective sac to remove cells for genetic testing
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amniocentesis
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tapping or surgical puncture of the abdomen to remove fluid or blodd
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abdominocentesis
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surgical puncture of the heart
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cardiocentesis
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combining form for stone or calculus
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lith/o
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the science of dealing with or studying calculi or stones
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lithology
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used as a noun suffix meaning generating, producing, or forming
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-genesis
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means producing or forming calculi (calculus) or stones
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lithogenesis
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adjectival form of lithogenesis
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lithogenic
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an incision for the removal of a stone
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lithotomy
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an instrument for measuring the size of calculi
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lithometer
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means gallstone
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cholelith
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combining form for gall or bile
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chol/e
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the stone in the pancrease
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pancreatolith
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combining form for bile
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bil/i
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yellow bile pigment derived from the breakdown of worn-out red blood cells
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bilirubin
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the surgical crushing of a nerve
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neurotripsy
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suffix for crushing (usually by rubbing or grinding)
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-tripsy
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mean surgical crushing of stones, as in the bladder or ureters
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lithotripsy
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suffix used to indicate a pathological condition. It may also be used when an infestation has occured that is, stones, parasites, or fungi.
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-iasis
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disease condition characterized by the presence of stones (calculi)
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lithiasis
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presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
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cholelithiasis
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combining form for gall
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chol/e
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means a sack like structure or bladder
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cysto/o
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medical name for gallbladder
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cholecyst
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combining form for gallbladder
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cholecyst/o
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an x-ray of the gallbladder
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cholecystogram
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the process of taking a gallbladder x-ray
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cholecystography
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gallstones can result in inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecyst)
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cholecystitis
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incision into the gallbladder
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cholecystotomy or cholelithotomy
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usually the presence of a gallstone calls for the excision of the gallbladder
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cholecystectomy
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suffix use in words about digestion
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-pepsia
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means poor digestion
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dyspepsia
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suffix used to indicate an enzyme
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-ase
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breaks down fat into fatty acids
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lipase
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breaks down starch into simple sugar
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amylase
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breaks down lactose into simple sugar
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lactase
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prefix indicates the presence of carbon in a substance
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carb/o
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breakdown of ___ produces energy for the body.
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carbohydrates or glucose
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prefix means bad, painful, or difficult
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dys-
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opposite of dys, means well, easy, or good
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eu-
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good digestion
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eupepsia
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easy movement
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eukinesia
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good sensation
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euesthesia
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feeling good
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euphoria
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means eat
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phag/o
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cell that eats (or ingests) microorganisms
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phagocyte
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condition of the cells eating (or ingesting) microorganisms
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phagocytosis
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nail biting (eating)
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onychophagy or onychophagia
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suffix meaning stopping or controlling
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-stasis
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stopping or controlling cell growth
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cytostasis
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examination of cell
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cytoscopy
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combining form for hair
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trich/o
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means hair swallowing
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trichophagy
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air swallowing
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aerophagy or acrophagia
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means slowness in eating
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bradyphagia
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abnormally slow swallowing
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bradyphagia
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difficult swallowing
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dysphagia
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prefix used to show the opposite of slow, meaning fast or rapid.
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tachy-
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rapid heart action
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tachycardia
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fast eating
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tachyphagia
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inflamed or infected diverticula (diverticulum, singular)
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diverticulitis
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pouches that develope in the colon wall and produce diverticulosis
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diverticulae
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chronic abdominal pain, cramping, and changes in bowel habits may all be symptoms of either irritable bowel syndrome or ___
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diverticulosis
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sores in the gastrointestinal tract are another common digestive system disorder
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ulcers
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prefix that means bad or poor
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mal-
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means having a bad odor
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malodorous
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general feeling of illness or poor feeling
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malaise
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poorly formed or poor formation
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malformation
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poor nutrition
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malnutrition
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bad (abnormal) position or placement
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malposition
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poor absorption (as of nutrients)
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malabsorption
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overeating and lack of exercise may lead to __.
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obesity
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refers to weight
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bar/o
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medical practice that specializes in the prevention and treatment of obesity
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bariatrics
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ac
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before meals (antecibal)
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BE
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barium enema
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BM
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bowel movement
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EGD
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esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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ERCP
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endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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GB
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gallbladder
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GERD
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gastroesophageal reflux disease
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GI
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gastrointestinal
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HAA
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hepatitis-associated antigen
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HBV
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hepatitis B virus
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NPO
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nothing by mouth (nulla per os)
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po
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by mouth (per os)
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PO
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postoperative
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PC
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after meals (postcibal)
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UGI
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upper gastrointestinal series
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