Digestive System

Front 1

distension of the stomach initiates what reflex

Back 1

gastroenteric reflex

Front 2

gastroenteric reflex serves what function

Back 2

accelerates grandular secretion and peristaltic activity

Front 3

the gastroileal reflex responds to what

Back 3

a response to circulating levels of gastrin

Front 4

the entry of food in the stomach triggers the release of what

Back 4

gastrin

Front 5

what relaxes the ileocecal valve at the entrance of the large intestine

Back 5

gastrin

Front 6

how long does it take for food to pass from the duodenum to the end of the ileum

Back 6

5 hours

Front 7

functions of intestinal juice

Back 7

moistens intestinal contents

buffers acids

keeps digestive enzymes and products of digestion in solution

Front 8

what is important in regulating the secretions of the digestive tract

Back 8

hormonal and cns controls

Front 9

what protects the duodenal epithelium from gastric acids and enzymes

Back 9

duodenal glands

Front 10

when do the duodenal glands start secreting

Back 10

cephalic phase due to parasympathetic stimulation

Front 11

what is released when the PH in the duodenum falls due to acidic chyme

Back 11

secetin

Front 12

what do pancreatic islets secrete

Back 12

insulin and glucagom

Front 13

numerous ducts that branch throughout the pancreas and are sac like pouches are called

Back 13

pancreatic acini

Front 14

acinar cells secrete what

Back 14

enzymes and buffers

Front 15

what controls the production and secretin of pancreatic enzymes

Back 15

CCK

Front 16

three most abundant proteases

Back 16

trypsin

chymotrypsin

carboxypeptidase

Front 17

four lobes of the liver

Back 17

left

right

caudate

quadrate

Front 18

basic functional unit of the liver

Back 18

liver lobules

Front 19

liver cells

Back 19

hepatocytes

Front 20

specialized and highly permeable capillaries

Back 20

sinusoids

Front 21

liver cell that are phagocytic

Back 21

kuppfer cells

Front 22

what consists of a portal area

Back 22

two branchs plus a bile duct

Front 23

hepatocytes release bile into what

Back 23

channels of bile canniculi

Front 24

bile in the common hepatic duct may flow where

Back 24

common bile duct or cystic duct

Front 25

three liver functions

Back 25

metabolic regulation

hematological regulation

bile production

Front 26

the fat soluble vitamins are

Back 26

DEAK

Front 27

where is bile from the liver excreted

Back 27

into the lumen of the duodenum

Front 28

required for normal digestion and absorbtion of fats

Back 28

bile salts

Front 29

passegeway that enters the duodenum for bile secretion

Back 29

bile papillae

Front 30

what surrounds the common bile duct and pancreatic duct

Back 30

hepatopancreatic sphincter

Front 31

what hormone triggers bile secretion from the gall bladder

Back 31

cholecystokinin

Front 32

what may happen if bile salts become to concentrated

Back 32

may precipitate forming gall stones

Front 33

functions of the large instestine include

Back 33

reabsorbtion of water and compactin of feces

Front 34

3 parts of large intestine

Back 34

cecum, colon, rectum

Front 35

what guards the connection between the cecum and ileum

Back 35

illeocecal valve

Front 36

pouches along the cecum are called

Back 36

haustra

Front 37

three longitudinal muscles along the colon that form haustra

Back 37

taeniae coli

Front 38

small longitudinal folds in the anal canal

Back 38

anal columns

Front 39

what three vitamins are generated by bacteria within the colon

Back 39

vitamin k

biotin

vitamin b5

Front 40

bacterial actin breaks down peptides remaining in feces and generate

Back 40

ammonia

nitrogen containing compounds

hydrogen sulfide

Front 41

what vitamin has to bond to an intrinsic factor

Back 41

b12

Front 42

how does the digestive system affect the nervous system

Back 42

provides substrates for neurotransmitter release

Front 43

what are the accesory organs

Back 43

salivary glands

gallbladder

liver

pancreas

Front 44

digestive functions

Back 44

ingestion

mechanical processing

digestion

secretion

absorbtion

excretion

Front 45

the lamina propria is within what part of the digestive tract

Back 45

the mucosa

Front 46

a layer of loose connective tissue in the digestive tract

Back 46

adventitia

Front 47

suspend portions of the digestive tract

Back 47

mesentarys

Front 48

the muscularis externa moves materials through the digestive tract by means of

Back 48

peristalsis

Front 49

movements in areas of the small intestine that churn digestive materials is called

Back 49

segmentation

Front 50

what lines the buccal cavity

Back 50

oral mucosa

Front 51

salivation is controlled by

Back 51

the ANS

Front 52

what covers the root

Back 52

cementum

Front 53

four regions of the stomach

Back 53

cardia

fundus

body

pylorus

Front 54

in a relaxed state, the stomach contains numerous ridges and folds called

Back 54

rugae

Front 55

parietel cells secrete what

Back 55

intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid

Front 56

chief cells secrete

Back 56

pepsinogen

Front 57

the intesitinal mucosa bears transverse folds called

Back 57

plicae

Front 58

each villus contains a lymphatic vessel called

Back 58

lacteal

Front 59

exocrine gland ducts branch repeatedly before ending in the

Back 59

pancreatic acini

Front 60

the bile ducts from each lobule unite to form

Back 60

the common hepatic duct

Front 61

functions of the liver

Back 61

metabolic regulation

hematological regulation

production of bile

Front 62

cholecystokinin permits relaxtion of what that in turn allows bile to enter the duodenum

Back 62

hepatopancreatic sphincter

Front 63

fatty acids and other lipids react with bile salts to form

Back 63

micelles