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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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about how long is the GI system?
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30 Feet
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how long does it take food to travel through the digestive system?
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24 hours
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what are all of the accessory organs to the digestive system?
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gall bladder, liver, pancreas
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where does carbohydrate digestion begin? by what enzyme?
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in the mouth, amylese
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where does fat digestion begin? by what enzyme?
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the small intestines, bile
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where does protein digestion begin? by what enzyme?
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stomach, pepsin
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where does nucleic acid digestion begin? by what enzyme?
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small intestines, nucleases
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trace the path of food from the time it enters the digestive system to when it exits.
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mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large, rectum
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what are the functions of the digestive system?
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to break down food and absorb nutrients from the food along with water.
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list the layers of the walls lining the digestive system
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Cardiac region, fundus, body, pyloric region
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what is the difference between the greater and lesser omentum?
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lesser omentum is from the liver to the lesser curvature, greater omentum drapes from greater curvature and anterior to the small intestine
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what are the functions of the oral cavity?
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bite, chew, and swallow food
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what is saliva? what are its components?
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its cleans the mouth and dissolves food chemicals, breaks down starch
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what are the three glands in the mouth? where are they found?
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parotid gland, sublingual gland, submandibular gland, found near the mouth in the back
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name the first and seconds sets of teeth
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primary and permanent
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what are the folds in the hard palate called?
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rugae
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what is the name for food mixed with saliva?
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bolus
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what is the biological name for the voice box?
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larynx
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how much of the esophagus is smooth muscle?
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2/3
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what is the name of the sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach? how does it work?
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cardiac sphincter, the valve at the end of the esophagus and the beginning of the stomach
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what is the name for the wave of contraction that pushes inferiorly regardless of our body orientation?
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peristaltic wave movement
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name and be able to identify the four parts of the stomach
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cardia, fudus, body, pyloric region
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what are the cell type in the stomach we discussed? what do they produce?
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mucosa that produces gastric juices
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how is the muscularis layer different in the stomach?
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different cells in the walls
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what is the name of the sphincters on each end of the stomach?
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cardiac sphincter and ileocecal
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what are the three regions of the small intestine?
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duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
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which region of the small intestine has the most absorption of nutrients? how is it different?
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duodenum it has more folds and waves for longer absorption
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by what action does digestive material move down the small intestine?
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peristaltic wave movements in the intestines
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what organ produces bile? where is it stored?
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large intestines and its stored in the rectum
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what region of the small intestine are bile and pancreas juices input?
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duodenum
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name the products (enzymes) of the pancreas and what they do?
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amylace and lipase enzymes break down food
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what is the valve between the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine?
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ileocecal valve
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what are three parts of the colon?
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cecum, rectum, anal canal
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what is the primary absorption function of the large intestine?
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absorb water and get rid of waste
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