Digestive System

Front 1

uvula

Back 1

a dangling process that helps prevent food from entering the pharynx prematurely

Front 2

what are the two pairs of muscular pharyngeal arches?

Back 2

palatoglossal arch- extends between soft palate and base of the tongue
palatopharyngeal arch- extends from the soft palate to the pharyngeal. A palattine tonsil lies between these arches

Front 3

what curving line connects the palatoglossal arches and uvula?

Back 3

fauces, passaway between oral cavity and the oropharynx

Front 4

tongue

Back 4

manipulates materials inside the mouth used to bring foods into the oral cavity

Front 5

What are the primary functions of the tongue?

Back 5

1. Mechanical processing by compression abraison or distortion
2. manipulation to assist in chewing and to prepare material for swallowing
3. sensory analysis by touch, and taste receptors
4. Secretion of mucins and the enzyme lingual lipase

Front 6

tongue is divided into what parts?

Back 6

anterior body- oral portion
posterior root- pharyngeal portion

Front 7

what does the dorsum of the body contain?

Back 7

Lingual papillae -contains a forest of fine projections

Front 8

describe the lingual frenulum

Back 8

a thin fold of mucous membrane that connects the body of the tongue to the mucosa covering the floor of the oral cavity

Front 9

Ankyloglossia

Back 9

overly restrictive lingual frenulum, which serves to prevent normal eating or speech

Front 10

what does the tongue's epithelium secretions contain?

Back 10

water, mucins, and the enzyme LINGUAL LIPASE

Front 11

What two groups of skeletal muscles does the tongue contain?

Back 11

large EXTRINSIC TONGUE MUSCLE- perform all gross movements of the tongue
smaller INTRINSIC TONGUE MUSCLE- CHANGE THE SHAPE OF THE MUSCLE AND ASSIST IN SPEECH

Front 12

What are the 3 pairs of salivary glands?

Back 12

lg PAROTID salivary gland- produces a serous secretion containing salivary AMYLASE (breaks down starches)
PAROTID DUCT (stensen DUCT)- secretions are drained by which empties into the vestibule at the level of the second upper molar.
2. SUBLINGUINAL SALIVARY GLAND- produce a mucous secretion that acts as a buffer and lubricant. Numerous sublingual ducts (RIVINUS DUCTS) open along either side of the lingual frenulum
3. SUBMANDIBULAR salivary glands (mandibular groove-depression) Cells secrete a mixture of buffers, glycoproteins called mucins, and salvary amylase. submandibular ducts (WHARTON DUCTS) open into the mouth posterior to the teeth

Front 13

Saliva

Back 13

mixture of glandular secretions
saliva is 99.4% water remaining buffers/electrolytes/glycoproteins antibodies and enzymes
IgA and lysozyme-help control populations of oral bacteria

Front 14

MUCINS

Back 14

glycoproteins- responsible for the lubricating action of saliva

Front 15

What is the PH of the mouth?

Back 15

7.0

Front 16

What are the functions of saliva produced when you eat?

Back 16

lubricating the mouth
moistening and lubricating materials in the mouth
dissolving chemicals that can stimulate the taste buds and provide sensory info about material
Initiating the digestion of complex carbs before material is swallowed also known as salivary amylase (PTYALIN or ALPHA-AMYLASE)

Front 17

What gland does the mumps virus most often target?

Back 17

salivary gland

Front 18

Where are the salivary secretions normally controlled by?

Back 18

ANS

Front 19

Where does the parasympathetic outflow originate in?

Back 19

SALIVATORY NUCLEI OF THE MEDULLA OBLONGTA and synapses in the submandibular and otic ganglia.
These nuclei are also influenced by other brain stem nuclei as well as the by the activities of higher centers

Front 20

Mastication

Back 20

breaks down tough connective tissues in meat and plant fibers and helps saturate the materials w/ salivary secretions and enzymes.