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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What quadrant does the stomach occupy?
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left upper quadrant of the abdomen
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What structure does the stomach lie immediately inferior to?
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diaphragm
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What can the stomach be compared to (in reference to its function)
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a holding tank
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After semidigested bolus has been completely processed in the stomach, it is called what?
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chyme
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what is chyme?
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bolus that has been completely processed in teh stomach, paste like soup
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How does the stomach facilitate mechanical digestion?
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by the contractions of its thick muscularis layer, which churns and mixes the bolus and the gastric secretions
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What types of material is absorbed across the epithelium of the stomach?
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aspirin, alcohol, and only a few other substances
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What is the small, narrow, superior entryway into the stomach lumen from the esophagus?
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cardia
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What is the internal opening where the cardia meets the esophagus?
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cardiac orifice
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What superior part of the stomach connects with the diaphragm/
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fundus
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What does the fundus connect with/
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diaphragm
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What is the largest region of the stomach?
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body of the stomach
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What is a narrow, medially directed, funnel-shaped pouch that forms the terminal region of the stomach/
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pylorus
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What surrounds the pyloric orifice?
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pyloric sphincter
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What is the pyloric sphincter?
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thick ring of smooth muscle
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How does the pyloric sphincter regulate material entering the small intestine?
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closing upon sympathetic innervation and opening upon parasympathetic innervation
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What type of neural innervation will cause the pyloric sphincter to close?
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sympathetic
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The inferior convex border of the stomach is called what?
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greater curvature
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Where does the greater omentum attach/
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to the greater curvature edge of the stomach and the lesser omentum extends between the lesser cruvature and the liver.
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What is the stomach lining composed of internally?
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gastric folds, or gastric rugae
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What can cause a peptic ulcer to develop?
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Normally there is a balance in the stomach between the acidic gastric juices and the protective regenerative nature of the mucosa lining. When this balance is thrown off, the stage is set for the development of a peptic ulcer
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what is a peptic ulcer?
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a chronic, solitary erosion of a portion of the lining of either the stomach or the duodneum
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Whyis a duodenal ulcer common/
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because the first part of the duodenum receives the chyme form the stomach but has yet to receive the alkaline pancreatc jice that can neutralize the chyme's acidic content.
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What is gastritis?
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irritation of the gastric mucosa linked to peptic ulcer
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Why is gastritis dangerous/
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internal bleeding, dark stools indicator of upper GI bleed
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What are peptic ulcers linked to?
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Bacterial infection
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