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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Achlorhydria |
An abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice |
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Amylase |
Produced by salivary glands, enzyme secreted in digestion of carbs |
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Anal fistula |
Abnormal passageway in the skin surface near the anus usually connecting with the rectum |
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Anorexia |
Lack or loss of appetite |
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Aphagia |
Condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow |
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Appendix |
Belongs to the lymph system, no known part of the digestive system |
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Ascites |
An abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity |
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Bile |
Thick bitter tasting fluid secreted by the liver. Passes from the hepatic duct of the liver to either the cystic duct of the gallbladder or to the common bile duct to the duodenum |
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Bilirubin |
Orange yellow pigment of bile, byproduct of RBC breakdown |
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Bolus |
Food as it enters throat, a ball-like mass of chewed food mixed with saliva |
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Borborygmus |
An audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalis heard with a stethoscope |
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Cholecystectomy |
The surgical removal of the gallbladder |
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Chyme |
The liquid like material of partially digested food and digestive secretions found in the stomach |
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Cirrhosis |
Final common cause of development for many liver diseases. Scaring of hepatocytes occurs from whatever disease process is present - alcoholism, hepatitis, poisons. If cause can be eliminated, liver cells may regenerate |
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Colostomy |
The surgical creation of a new opening on the abdominal wall, portion of colon injured to heal. Can be permanent or temporary |
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Common bile duct |
The duct formed by the joining of the cystic duct and hepatic duct before entering duodenum |
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Constipation |
Difficult defecation, hard dry stools |
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Crohn's disease |
Digestive tract inflammation of a chronic nature, causing diarrhea, weight loss, and anorexia |
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Cystic duct |
Secondary duct of the gallbladder |
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Deciduous teeth |
Primary teeth - baby teeth |
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Deglutition |
Swallowing |
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Dental caries |
Tooth decay caused by acid forming microorganism |
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Diarrhea |
Frequent passage of loose watery stools |
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Digestion |
The process of altering the chemical and physical composition of food so that it can be utilized by the body cells |
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Dyspepsia |
A vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating |
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Dysphagia |
Difficulty swallowing associated with obstructive or motor disorders |
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Emaciation |
Excessive leaness caused by disease or lack of nutrition |
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Emesis |
Vomit |
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Endocrine gland of the pancreas |
Produces secretions/hormones directly into bloodstream. Pancreas produces two hormones - insulin and glucagon |
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Eructiation |
Air from the stomach - belching |
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Esophagus |
*10" long *Food is now Bolus *Connects throat to stomach *Cardiac Sphincter |
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Exocrine gland of the pancreas |
*Secretions reach epithelial surface either directly or through a duct *Produces lipase (fat) *Amylase (carbs) *Trypsin (protein) *Sodium bi-carbonate ( neutralize stomach acids) |
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Flatulence |
Gas passed through the rectum |
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Gallbladder |
Pear-shaped sac located on the under surface of the liver, approximately 3 to 4 inches long |
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Gallstones |
Pigmented or hardened cholesterol stones formed as a result of bile crystallization |
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Gastroesophageal reflux |
Backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus resulting in a burning sensation, reflex of gastric juices |
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Gingival |
The gums |
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Hemorrhoids |
Permanently distended vein in the distal rectum or anus |
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Hepatic duct |
Duct leading from liver to gallbladder |
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Hepatitis |
Acute or chronic inflammation of the liver due to a viral or bacterial infection, drugs, alcohol, toxins, or parasites |
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Hepatocytes |
Liver cells - produce bile |
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Hernia |
An irregular protrusion of tissue, organ, or a portion of an organ through an abdominal break in the surrounding cavity's muscular wall |
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Icterus |
Jaundice |
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Jaundice |
Icterus |
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Jejunum |
Second portion of the small intestine |
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Large intestine |
*Chyme is now known as waste * Water is removed along route * Makes waste more solid *Corners are referred to as "Flexures" *Cecum, ascending colon *Transverse colon *Descending colon |
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Lipase |
Enzyme produced in salivary glands and pancreas to break down fats |
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Liver |
*Largest gland in the body *Produces bile, sends it to gallbladder via hepatic duct *Located upper right quad under ribs and under diaphragm |
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Mastication |
Chewing |
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Melana |
Abnormal, black, tarry stool containing digested blood |
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Oral cavity |
Buccal |
