Digestion Bio Vocab

Front 1

herbivores

Back 1

A heterotrophic animal that eats plants

Front 2

carnivores

Back 2

An animal, such as a shark, hawk, or spider that eats other animals.

Front 3

omnivores

Back 3

A heterotrophic animal that consumes both meat and plant material.

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peristalsis

Back 4

Rhythmic waves of contraction of smooth muscle that push food along the digestive tract.

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pancreas

Back 5

produces several hydrolytic enzymes and an alkaline solution rich in bicarbonate.

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liver

Back 6

Produces bile,a mixture of substances that is stored in the gallbladder until needed.

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bolus

Back 7

A ball of food

Front 8

pepsin

Back 8

An enzyme that begins the hydrolysis of proteins. Pepsin breaks peptide bonds adjacent to specific amino acids, cleaving proteins into smaller polypeptides.

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pepsinogen

Back 9

Inactive form of pepsin.

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acid chime

Back 10

As a result of mixing and enzyme action, what begins in the stomach as a recently swallowed meal becomes a nutrient broth known as...

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trypsin

Back 11

are specific for peptide bonds adjacent to certain amino acids, and thus, like pepsin, break large polypeptides into shorter chains.

Front 12

bile

Back 12

contains no digestive enzymes, but it does contain bile salts, which act as detergents and aid in the digestion and absorption o fats. Bile also contains pigments that are by-products of red blood cell destruction in the liver.

Front 13

gastrin

Back 13

A digestive hormone, secreted by the stomach, that stimulates the secretion of gastric juice.

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secretin

Back 14

Stimulates pancreas to release bicarbonate, which neutralizes acid chyme in duodenum

Front 15

brush border

Back 15

A term describing the microvillus-covered surface of small intestinal epithelial cells.