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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the organs and accessory organs of the digestive tract? Be able to briefly describe the functions of each |
Organs of the GI tract include: Mouth (chewing, saliva consisting of enzymes to break down carbs and fats) Most of the pharynx Esophagus (connects mouth to the stomach) Stomach (where mechanical and chemical digestion occurs) Small intestine (the breakdown of fat, carbs and protein – where mostdigestion absorption of nutrients occur) Large intestine (absorbs water and electrolytes, houses bacterial flora(good bacteria), forms and expels feces) Rectum Accessory digestive organs: Teeth Tongue (maneuvers food for chewing and swallowing), [salivaryglands (water, mouth, enzymes, lysozyme), liver, gallbladder (bile), andpancreas (exocrine, endocrine)] – produce/store secretions aid breakdown offood heme |
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Know the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion |
Chemical: Enzymes break down foods Mechanical: chewing / mixing, grindingmotions of stomach and intestines |
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Know where in the digestive tract that most digestion and absorption takes place. Know why this organ is ideally suited for these functions? |
- Most digestion and absorption of nutrientsoccur in small intestine - Ideally suited due to aid of large surfacearea of small intestine |
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What is absorption and how are absorbed nutrients transported? |
The addition of nutrients into the body · Cardiovascular system: - heart,blood, vessels, etc - Proteins, carbs, short and medium chained fatty acids, B vitamins etc. aretransported this way. Lymphatic system - larger molecules - mostfats, fat soluble vitamins, large proteins |
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Briefly understand the pathological digestion examples |
Food intolerance - deficient enzymes, can cause gluten sensitivity Irritable bowel syndrome - irregular bowel function (diarrhea,constipation, both) abdominal pain, etc. - unknown why, may involve stress anddietary intolerance Treatment: increase high fiber foods, probiotics, restrict gas forming,high fat Leaky gut syndrome - inflammation/irritation of digestive tract lining,increased intestinal permeability allowing toxins pathogens, undigested foodsto enter bloodstream - Overloading liver with toxins develop common conditions, chronic fatigue,depression, asthma, food allergies, chronic sinusitis, eczema |
