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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 steps of Holozoic nutrition |
Ingestion: food into mouth Digestion: Mechanical by teeth, chemical by enzymes Absorption: soluble products absorbed into blood stream Assimilation: Products are absorbed from the blood into body cells Egestion: food and dead cells leave the body |
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Digestion |
In the alimentary canal Mechanical: teeth chomp Chemical: Enzymes in the stomach and intestine digest monosaccharides into monomers Protein--> amino acid Starch, glycogen, lipid, nucleic acid-->monomer Cellulose is not digested |
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Absorption |
By diffusion or active transport Amino acids and monosaccharides into blood system Fatty acids and glycerol into lymphatic system |
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Enzymes |
Temperature is essential Amylase: salivary gland, starch-->maltose, pH 6.5-7.5 Pepsin: gastric glands, proteins-->polypeptides, pH 2 Lipase: pancreas, triglyceride-->fatty acids and glycerol, pH 7 |
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Stomach |
Walls contain gastric juice (activates pepsin) and kills bacteria Mucus prevents self-digestion (autolysis) Chyme: mixed food and gastric juice |
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Mouth--> Stomach |
Mouth: amalyse breaks down starch -->Epiglottis -->Oesophagus lubricated by saliva -->Stomach |
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Small Intestine |
5 m long Duodenum: chyme meets bile from gall bladder and pancreatic juice that releases all enzymes needed to break down substrates Vili: Sugars and amino acids-->capillary network Lipids absorbed as fatty acids or glycerol into the lacteal vessels |
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Large intestine |
Large surface area due to many folds Colon absorbs water and mineral salts |
