Diffusion

Front 1

Brownian movement

Back 1

random motion due to kinetic energy

Front 2

passive transport def.

Back 2

the movement of particles across a membrane by diffusion

Front 3

passive transport requires

Back 3

no energy

Front 4

passive transport...movement due to

Back 4

Brownian movement

Front 5

facilitated diffusion def.

Back 5

Molecules moving across a membrane from high to low concentration with help

Front 6

facilitated diffusion requires

Back 6

no energy, carrier molecule

Front 7

facilitated diffusion... movement due to?

Back 7

carrier molecule, brownian movement

Front 8

Active transport def.

Back 8

molecules go from high to low or low to high.

Front 9

Active transport requires

Back 9

Energy - provided by ATP - requires a carrier molecule.

Front 10

Active transport...movement due to?

Back 10

a carrier molecule

Front 11

What happens when you over fertilize plant?

Back 11

Plant loses water (plasmolyzes) because fertilizer creates a hypertonic solution. loses turgor pressure

Front 12

What happens when you over water a plant?

Back 12

plant gains water because it's in a hypotonic solution and becomes turgid.

Front 13

Factors affecting membrane permeability

Back 13

solubility, poisons, types of molecules (whether picked up by receptors), pressure, size of molecules vs. pores (channels), temperature, concentration, pH

Front 14

What happens to a cell in terms of rate of osmosis as sugar concentration changes?

Back 14

As sugar concentation rises, rate increases.

Front 15

What are the bulk transport methods?

Back 15

Contractile Vacuole, Endocytosis, Exocytosis

Front 16

Types of Endocytosis

Back 16

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis

Front 17

Contractile Vacuole...how it works.

Back 17

excrete excess water... the rate of contraction will change depending on the tonicity.

Front 18

phagocytosis

Back 18

cell-eating

Front 19

pinocytosis

Back 19

cell-drinking

Front 20

receptor-mediatedd endocytosis

Back 20

receptor sites allow certain molecules to hook in and cause the membrane to fold in around them, forming a vacuole.

Front 21

Exocytosis

Back 21

reverse of pinocytosis...release of waste by merging a vacuole with the membrane.

Front 22

Isotonic: solute concentration outside is ________ to the inside of the cell. diffusion will be ______, therefore there is _________

Back 22

Isotonic: solute concentration outside is equal to the inside of the cell. diffusion will be equal in both directions, therefore there is no net diffusion

Front 23

Hypertonic: Solute concentration outside is _____ than the inside of the cell. Diffusion of water will be _______, therefore the cell will ______. If animal, it will ______ and ____. If plant it _______ and it can recover because _____________.

Back 23

Hypertonic: Solute concentration outside is higher than the inside of the cell. Diffusion of water will be out of cell, therefore the cell will shrink. If animal, it will crenate and die. If plant it plasmolyzes and it can recover because the cell wall keeps its shape... tonoplast shrinks.

Front 24

Hypotonic: Solute concentration outside is _______ than the inside of the cell. diffusion of water will be _______, therefore the cell will ______. If animal, it ______ and it will ____. If blood cell it will ________. If plant it becomes _______ and it can recover because _________.

Back 24

Hypotonic: Solute concentration outside is lower than the inside of the cell. diffusion of water will be into the cell, therefore the cell will swell. If animal, it lyses (bursts) and it will die. If blood cell it will hemolysis. If plant it becomes turgid and it can recover because the cell wall is rigid and prevents bursting (but membrand can become eventually damaged).

Front 25

Diffusion

Back 25

molecules go from high to low concentration.

Front 26

concentration gradient

Back 26

the difference in concentration of molecules on either side of a membrane

Front 27

high concentration gradient =

Back 27

a fast rate.

Front 28

Test for starch

Back 28

at lugol's iodine (yellow) to solution. positive if it turns black or purple.

Front 29

Test for sugar (glucose)

Back 29

Add benedict's (blue) to solution and heat. positive if it changes from blue - green - yellow - orange - brown.

Front 30

Test for protein

Back 30

Add Biuret's (royal blue) to solution. positive if it turns from royal blue to purple.

Front 31

homeostasis

Back 31

regulation with the semi-permeable membrane

Front 32

Energy

Back 32

active transport with ATP. Brownian motion with kinetic energy.

Front 33

Unity within Diversity

Back 33

-transport methods all transport things, but get transported different ways.
-all cell membranes transport, but different transport proteins.
-all high to low, but some low to high.

Front 34

tonicity

Back 34

refers to the solute concentration comparing the outside solution to the inside of a cell.

Front 35

solute

Back 35

solid

Front 36

solvent

Back 36

liquid

Front 37

solute+solvent=

Back 37

solution