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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. What is the most vitamin dependent enzyme in the body?
What four vitamins does it require? |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase
1. Thiamin (vit. B) -beri beri is deficiency 2. Niacin (vit. B) -pellagra deficiency 3. Panthothenic acid -CoA is associated with it 4. Riboflaving |
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2. How many people are deficient in vitamin Ca++?
What other vitamins are associated with Ca++? |
90% people
(need 4 glasses milk/day) Phosphorous and vitamin D |
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3. Where can you get vitamin D?
What is vitamin A needed for? What is vitamin E important for? |
Sunlight and in oily fish
Tissue growth, vision, and tooth development Cell membrane -lipid and fat soluble vitamin |
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4. What can a deficiency in vitamin C cause?
Where is this seen first? |
Scurvy
Inability to make collagen **CT is affected Shows up first in oral cavity w/ gum problems |
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5. What is folate necessary for?
What can folate deficiencies cause? Do plant have vitamin B12? |
Nucleotide biosynthesis
Neural tube defects and megaloblastic anemia No |
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6. For whom is the TLC diet recommended for?
What are the TLC diet recommendations for total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and fiber? |
People w/ high LDL cholesterol and/or other risk factors for coronary heart disease
Total fat: 25-35% of total calories Sat. fat: less than 7% of total calories Cholesterol: less than 200 mg/day Fiber: 20-30 g/day |
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7. Why is saturated fat bad?
What do omega 3's do? |
Raises LDL
Lowers LDL and raises HDL |
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8. What are the 3 recommendations of weight loss?
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1. Don't eat less than 1200 kg/day
2. Don't lose more than 2 lbs a week 3. Eat a variety of foods |
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9. Why do you not want to eat less than 1200 kg/day and lose more then 2 lbs a week?
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Want to maintain lean muscle mass
If you lose muscle mass than BMR will decrease and you'll regain weight |
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10. Do athletes need higher protein intake?
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If you are sedentary and increase exercise, protein requirement temporarily goes up
Athletes in training do not have increased protein requirement to maintain N balance Athletes in strength training want pos. N balance (increase muscle mass) so they need more protein |
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11. Are strict vegetarian diets safe and healthy?
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Can be BUT must watch protein (essential AA) and iron (prevalent in meat)
Also mush watch... -Ca ++ (dark leafy vegetables) -Vit. D (in oily fish) -Vit. B12 (can't get strictly from plants so must take supplement) |
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12. Is there anything wrong with a diet consisting milk, cheese, meat, and white bread?
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Yes!
High saturated fat -meat/cheese Low/no fiber Lack lots of nutrients |
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13. What dietary modifications can be made to prevent cancer?
Four things... |
1. Decrease saturated fat
2. Maintain ideal weight (obesity is factor in developing cancer) 3. Increase fiber? -reduce colon cancer? 4. Eat broccoli and cabbage |
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14. What is the purpose of eating fiber?
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Insoluble fiber
-prevent diverticulosis and irritable bowel syndrome Soluble fiber -binds to cholesterol to help lower LDL levels |
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15. How can you tell anorexia or bulimia?
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Bulimia
-back of teeth erode Anorexia -decrease in bone density -loose teeth |
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16. Is there higher saturated fat and cholesterol in an egg or hamburger?
Is cholesterol necessary? |
Egg
-cholesterol: 300 mg -saturated fat: 2 g Hamburger -cholesterol: 80 mg -saturated fat: 8 g Necessary for production of hormones and for synthesis of healthy cell membranes Also needed for normal brain and nervous tissue development |
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17. What is necessary for tooth development?
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1. Ca++
2. Phosphorous 3. Vit. C 4. Vit. D 5. Vit. A 6. Protein 7. Fluoride **want to minimize refined sugars |