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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fiber Charecteristics
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Edible non-digestible lignin naturally existing in plant foods
Resistent to digestion by enzymes |
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Dietary Fiber V.s Functional Fiber
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Actual fiber eaten v.s fiber with beneficial effect
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Soluble v.s insoluble fiber
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Soluble- Delays digestions and increase transit time
Insoluble- Pulls food along faster |
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Benefits of Soluble Fiber 4
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Binds to cholesterol and other lipids and decreases LDL
Decrease glucose absorbtion rates (diabetes control) Bind to unconjagate bile salts (dec. colon cancer) Slow the rate of gastric emptying (dumping syndrome) |
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Benefits of Insoluble Fiber
Cellulose 3 |
Decrease transit time
Increase fecal bulk Prevent constipation |
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Physiologic Effects of Fiber
Instinal 4 |
Influence stomach viscosity
Slows Digestion Shifts site of Absorbtion further along Micro-organisms produce SCFA from fiber |
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Physiologic Effects of Fiber
Weight 3 |
Reduces Hunger
Increase satiety Reduces food intake |
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Physiologic Effects of Fiber
Endocrine 2 |
Reduces the rate atwhich glucose enters the blood (less spikes)
Lowers blood cholesterol |
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Recommended Fiber intake
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Males 38g/kg
Females 25g/kg Decrease for persons over 50 Can be achieved by diet (cerials fruits) |
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Excess Fiber 3
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Flatulence
Decrease absorbtion of some drugs Increase water intake required |
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Probiotics
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Living or non-living organisms that beneficially affect the the host animal
Restore the microbial balance Intestinal flora are important for resistence to disease |
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Microflora Chareteristics 3
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500 Different kinds in healthy person
"Gut" Flora Good bacteria crowd out disease causing bacteria. - Toxic Secretion - Attaching to the walls |
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Probiotic Organisms 4
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Lactobacillus acidophilus
Lactobacillus bulbaricus Bifidobacterium bifidum Streptococcus thermophilus |
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Lactobacillus GG (Gorbach and Goldin)
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Culurelle
Patent still pending |
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Benifits of Probiotics 3
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Lactose Intolerance
- Yogurt Cultures Treatment of Some diarrheas - Antibiotic associated diarrhea - Clostrium Difficile Under study - IBS - Eczema - Allergies |
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Probiotics in IBD
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Evidence suggest that intestinal flora control is important in pathogenisis
Increase in coliforms and a decrease in lactic acid bacteria (good) Balance ratio between pathogenic and protective |
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Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Most common probiotics
Feed on sugars and produce acids Acid is inhospitable environment for many pathogenic organisms |
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Prebiotics
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Non-living nondigestible food ingredient used to promote the growth of normal bacteria present.
Selectivily stimule the growth of good bacteria - Bifidobacterium |
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Prebiotic examples
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Frutose polymers
Found in onoins, bananas, garlic, barley Added to some foods Widely used in japan and europe Cannot make specific health claims |
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Fructooligosacharises FOS
(Ensure) |
PREBIOTIC
Remain intact in small intestine (indigestable) Fermented by bifidobacteria to lactate and SCFA SCFA then promote water absorbtions (dec diarrhea) SCFA also create acidic environment (dec. bacteria) |
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Prebiotic Benefits 3
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Diarrhea
Decrease infection Decrease inflammation Useful in IBD Not proven |
