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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List 5 functions of water:
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1. provides shape & rigidity
2. regulate body temp. 3. acts as lubricant 4. cushions tissue 5. transports nutrients & waste |
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Outline the % of the human body that is composed of water.
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- 50-60% males & females
- 75-80% infants |
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Type of water that contains amounts of sodium which may pose a problem for sodium-sensitive patients.
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soft water
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Characteristics of fluid volume deficit (FVD) & groups most at risk?
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- frequent urination, decreased skin elasticity, dry mouth, drowsiness, thirst, & nausea
- who? older adults & infants |
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Water containing high amounts of minerals such as calcium & magnesium.
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hard water
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Excess accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces caused by seepage from circulatory system.
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edema
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A state of physiologic equilibrium produced by a balance of functions & chemical composition within an organism.
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homeostasis
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Excessive urination
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polyuria
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Water lost invisibly through evaporation from the lungs & skin
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insensible perspiration
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Distributes oxygen throughout the body depending on hemoglobin and myoglobin
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iron
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Requirements of iron for men & women (describe):
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men- less needs
women- increased iron needed during menstruation years & pregnancy |
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Type of iron found in animal sources (meat, fish, poultry) that is more easily absorbed.
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heme iron
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the most abundant mineral in the body with 99% of it found in the bones?
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calcium
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Condition that causes mottling or brown spotting of the tooth enamel & pitting of the teeth?
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fluorosis
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AI water recommended for men & women.
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men- 13 cups/day
women- 9 cups/day |
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Functions in our bodies & teeth as a component of hydroxyapatite.
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phosphorus
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List 4 broad functions of minerals?
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-provide rigidy & strength to teeth and skeleton
-serve as storage depot -allow for muscle contraction -required for blood clotting |
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Describe the factors associated with calcium absorption?
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calcium is based on the needs of the body. Children, pregnant/lactating women absorb more calcium
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Name sources of sodium in the diet:
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table salt, naturally occuring salt, & processing of foods
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Affects growth process, taste and smell ability, healing proces, immune system, & carbohydrate metabolism.
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zinc
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Outline factors that favor & hinder calcium absorption.
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-lactose, vitamin D, acidity of digestive mass (favor absorption)
binders, fat, fiber, aging, sedentary lifestyle, and drug use (hinder absorption) |
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List primary sources of calcium.
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dairy products, milk, ice cream, & cheese
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Provides maintenance of blood pressure & volume?
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sodium
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Describe hyponatremia and population it is common among
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low blood sodium common in endurance athletes
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Drug category to be mindful of with potassium intake.
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diuretics (for endema, HTN) because some are potassium wasting and others potassium sparing
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