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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 types of diarrhea, microbial classification
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Enterotoxin (secretory) vs Mucosal invasion (invasive) diarrhea
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Clinical categories of diarrhea
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Acute watery and presistent dysentary
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2 classes of Acute watery diarrhea
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altered intestinal motility and osmotic
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Persistent dysentery classes
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secretory and exudative
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Diarrheas covered
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Traveler's, salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis, enterotoxic E. coli, viral gasteroenteritis, c. difficile food poisoning
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Travelor's diarrhea onset / duration
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5-15 days / 1-5days
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Treveler's diarrhea etiology
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E. coli, shigella
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Traveler's diarrhea symptoms
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malaise, abdominal cramps, sudden watery diarrhea
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Traveler's diarrhea initial tx
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loperamide prn max 16mg/day x2 days
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Traveler's diarrhea PO abx if needed
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If high risk of infection, bismuth subsalicylate (inhibits enterotoxin activity)
TMP/SMX FQ - norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin Azithromycin |
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Campylobacteriosis treatment and duration
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FQ
Azithromycins 5 days if needed |
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Traveler's diarrhea prophylaxis
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bactrin, fq, bismuth subsalicylate
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Salmonellosis s/s
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enterocolitis with high fever and diarrhea
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Antimotility agents contraindicated in:
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Enterotoxic E. coli
Campylobacteriosis |
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C. difficile risk factors
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AB (FQ, cephs, clindamycins, pens), medications (PPI, h2ra, nsaids, laxatives, narcs, antiperistaltic), older age, chemo
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C. difficile diagnosis
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ABx w/i 3 months, onset after 72hrs, risk factors, characteristic diarrhea
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C. difficile diarrhea characteristics
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Watery, foul smelling, blood, green, or yellow, quantity
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C. difficile dx
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cytotoxic assay (gold standard, 48hr min)
culture immunologic (4 hrs) endoscopy |
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C. difficile tx
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d/c offending agent
metronidazole 10-14days |
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C. difficile tx alt (mod-severe)
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alt: vancomycin (mod-severe)
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Enterotoxic E. coli treatment
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Fluids
Rarely ABx Potential vaccine |
