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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does the Thoraco-Abdominal diaphragm Insert?
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Its own Central Tendon- rather than bone or external element
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What are the three openings for the Thoraco-Abdominal?
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Esophagus, IVC, Aorta
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What is the Sternal Origin Central Tendon of the Diaphragm?
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Xiphoid process
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What is the Costal Origin of the Central Tendon of the Diaphragm?
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deep surfaces of ribs 7-12
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What is the vertebral Origin of the right crus of the diaphragm?
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L1-L3
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What is the vertebral Origin of the Left crus of the diaphragm?
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L1-L2
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Where is the MEDIAN arcuate ligament of the diaphragm?
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arches over the abdominal aorta
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Where is the 2 MEDIAL Arcuate Ligaments of the diaphragm?
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arching over the psoas major M.
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Where is the 2 Lateral Arcuate Ligaments of the diaphragm?
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arching over quadratus lumborum M.
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What V-lvl does the IVC open at the diaphragm?
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T8
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What V-lvl does the Esophagus open at in the diaphragm?
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T10
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What V-lvl does the Aorta open at in the Diaphragm?
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T12
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What are the four embryonic structure that make the diaphragm?
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Septum Transversum, Pleuoperitoneal membranes, Paraxial mesoderm, Esophageal Mesenchyme
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What does the Septum Transversum give rise to?
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Central Tendon of the Diaphragm, with Phrenic Nerve Innervation
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What does the Pleuroperitoneal membranes give rise to?
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Containing the bulk of the Diaphragm Muscle
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What does the Paraxial Mesoderm give rise to?
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Outer Rim of Diaphragm Muscle
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What does the Esophageal Mesenchyme give rise to?
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Right and Left Crura
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What happens when the Lymphatic System is Obstructed?
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Edema, surrounding tissues distend with protein rich fluid
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Where are the Lymphatic capillaries absent?
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central nervous tissue, bone marrow, epidermis, hair, nails, cornea, and cartilage.
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What serves as the lymphatics of the CNS?
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CSF
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What accounts for 35-60% of the thoracic duct drainage?
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Respiratory movement
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What is the primary force to move fluid from the interstitium to the pulmonary lymphatics?
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Thoracic excursion
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What squeezes and massages the sinusoidal tissue of the liver and spleen and compresses the viscera of the abdomen?
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Descent of the Diaphragm
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What are the functions of the Lympathics?
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Removal of cell debris, foreign matter, immune response, transport fats absorbed from the small intestine.
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How much Fluid does the Lymphatic System return to the vascular system?
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10-20%
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What are the Cardiothoracic Lymphatics
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retrocardiac nodes, infracardiac nodes, thoracic duct
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What causes Propulsion of Lymph?
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Filtration pressure from fluid under pressure in the blood capillaries, Contractions of muscles, Pulsations of adjacent arteries, Movement of the respiratory diaphragm and negative pressure in the brachiocephalic veins.
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What does the right lympatic duct drain?
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heart, lungs, liver, right upper limb, head and neck
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What is the main vessel that does 80% drainage for the right lymphatic duct?
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right brachiocephalic
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What lymphatic vessel drains the head and neck?
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right jugular trunk
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What lymphatic vessel drains the heart, lung, and liver?
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right bronchomediastinal trunk
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What lymphatic vessel drains the right limb?
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right subclavian trunk
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What does the LEFT lymphatic duct drain?
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Most of body expect right upper–left jugular, left subclavian, left bronchomediastinal, left thoracic duct
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What V-lvl does the Thoracic duct start and where does it extend too?
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L2 and to the base of the neck
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The thoracic duct begins as a saccular dilation called the ?
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cisterna chyli
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What does the Right Jugular trunk drain?
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Drains the right side of the head.
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What does the right Subclavian Trunk drain?
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Drains the right upper limb and superficial tissues from the right half of the abdominal wall (includes much of the mammary gland).
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What does the right Bronchomediastinal trunk drain?
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Drains the thoracic walls, liver, right lung, bronchi & trachea, and the right portion of the heart
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Wha do the right side 3 trunks drain into?
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brachiocephalic vein
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What do the left side 4 trunks drain into?
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brachiocephalic vein
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What do the LEFT Jugular and LEFT subclavian trunks drain?
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LEFT side of the head.
Drains the LEFT upper limb and superficial tissues from the LEFT half of the abdominal wall (includes much of the mammary gland). |
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What do the LEFT Bronchomediastinal Trunk drain?
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Drains the thoracic wall, left lung, bronchi & trachea, and more of the heart.
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What does the Thoracic Duct drain?
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Drains the rest of the body, including most of the abdomen and both lower extremities
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What makes up the Anatomy of the Thoracic Inlet?
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Manubrium, Clavicles, First ribs, Body of T1
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What are the Key stuctures of the Thoracic Inlet?
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Sibson's Fascia, Thoracic Duct, Internal Jugular Vein, Brachiocephalic vein, Strap Muscles
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What is the innervation of the Central Tendon of the Diaphragm?
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Phrenic Nerves from C3 to C5 (motor and sensory)
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What is the Embryo Origin of the Central Tendon?
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Septum Transversum
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What is the Embryo Origin of the Posterolateral/Pleuro-peritoneal membrane of the Diaphragm?
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Myoblast from the Septum Transversum
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What is the Embryo Origin of the Periphery of the Diaphragm?
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Body Wall Mesoderm
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What is the Embryo Origin of the Crura of the Diaphragm?
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Esophageal Mesoderm
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What is the Innervation of the Posterolateral/Pleuro-peritoneal membrane of the Diaphragm?
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Phrenic Nerves from C3 to C5 (motor and sensory)
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What is the Innervation of the Periphery of the Diaphragm?
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Spinal Nerves from T7 to T12 (sensory)
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What is the Innervation of the Crura of the Diaphragm?
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Phrenic Nerves from C3 to C5 (motor and sensory)
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What are the muscle attachments of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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Pubococcygeal Muscle and Levator Ani
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What are the Anterior Attachments of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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Symphysis/Rami
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What are the Posterior Attachments of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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Coccyx/Sacrum
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What are the Lateral Attachments of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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Ischial Tuberosities/Spines
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What is the Innervation of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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Ventral Rami of 4th and 5th Sacral then Sacral 3 & 4 and the inferior rectal from pudendal from S2-4
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What is the blood supply of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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Rectal arteries and veins
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What is the Lymph supply of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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superficial to deep drainage at inferior mesenteric and hypogastric plexi
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What is the Functional Physiology of the Pelvic Diaphragm?
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Supports the pelvic organs as well as the abdominal cavity from below. Provides a resistive force against which the respiratory diaphragm can indirectly act upon for action upon the abdominopelvic cavity
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What are the Posterior and Anterior Attachment of the Plantar Fascia?
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Posterior: Calcaneus; Anterior: MTP capsules with flexor tendons
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What is the Nerve supply to the Plantar Fascia?
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Local
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What is the Blood supply to the Plantar Fascia?
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local, proximal the DP and PT
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What is the Lymph to the Plantar Fascia?
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along the superficial and deep chains of the LE
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What is the Functional Physiology of the Plantar Fascia?
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provides assistance in support of arch with other ligamentous structures of the foot. In fact one could consider the entire foot a diaphragm
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Which AXIS requires most of the work for circulation of vital body fluids, nourishment and air?
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Longitudinal Axis
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Any structure along what axis can easily hinder the flow of any of these things
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Transverse
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