Diagnostic Tests-Acs: St Monitoring

Front 1

ekg signs of ischemia will be?

Back 1

t wave inversion
st depression

Front 2

the dx of acs is based on what 3 things?

Back 2

ekg changes
biomarkers
history

Front 3

if 1/3 of MI's are "silent" what should you be looking for?

Back 3

anginal equivalents

Front 4

what are the names of the 4 left ventricular infarctions?

Back 4

inferior wall: II, III, AvF
anterior wall: V1-V4
lateral wall: 1-AvL
posterior wall: large R in V1

Front 5

there is a 50% chance of a __ MI with a Inferior wall MI.

-posterior wall MI
-anterior wall MI
-lateral wall MI
-RV wall MI

Back 5

right ventricular wall MI

Front 6

what should you treat a right ventricular wall mi with? and what should you not give a pt with a right ventricular wall mi?

Back 6

treat with fluids

do not give ntg

Front 7

what are the sx's of a NSTEMI?

Back 7

loss of r wave progression
inverted t waves
st depression and/or elevation
or combo of all

Front 8

what are the ekg changes consistent with an acute MI?

Back 8

hyperacute t waves
st segment elevation
t wave inversion
development of q waves
reciprocal st segment depression

Front 9

q waves =

-ischemia
-infaction
-necrosis

Back 9

necrosis after transmural mi: that will last forever

Front 10

an inferior wall mi (II, III, f) st elevations reciprocate with st depressions in the __ leads.

Back 10

lateral leads (I-AvL)

Front 11

the inferior leads are which?

I-AvL
II, III, and AvF
V1-V4
V1-V2

Back 11

II, III, AvF is inferior
I-AvL is lateral
V1-V4 is anterior
large R in V1, V2 is posterior

Front 12

what are the lateral leads?

Back 12

lat. precordial is V4-V6
high lateral is I-AvL

Front 13

st elevation in V2-V4 is indicative of what type of MI?

-inferior
-anterior
-lateral
-posterior

Back 13

anterior

Front 14

a large R wave in V1 and V2 indicates what?

-inferior wall MI
-posterior wall MI
-anterior wall MI
-lateral wall MI

Back 14

posterior wall MI

Front 15

what other test may you need to do to diagnose a posterior wall MI?

Back 15

transillumination/mirror test

Front 16

what are considered "significant" Q waves?

Back 16

=1mm wide or 1/3 the ht of R wave

Front 17

the infarcted (necrotic) area is primarily in the __ ventricle; and deadly arrythmyias may come.

-left
-right

Back 17

left

Front 18

what ekg changes will you see in a anterior and lateral wall MI?

Back 18

st elevation in V1-V4 is an anterior MI

st depression with t wave inversion is a seen in lateral leads I-AvL

Front 19

the characteristic sign of ischemia is the __ T wave.

Back 19

inverted

Front 20

__ alone can cause chest pain known as angina, which is usually assoc. with transiet T wave inversion.

Back 20

cardiac ischemia

Front 21

which leads show the greatest amount of t wave inversion in a pt experiencing cardiac ischemia?

Back 21

chest leads

Front 22

the t wave inversion is both inverted and __ in a pt. with ischemia.

-symmetrical
-asymmetrical

Back 22

symmetrical

Front 23

Marked T wave inversion in V2-V3 is the hallmark of what condition?

-Markson syndrome
-Wellen's syndrome
-Hoffman syndrome

Back 23

Wellens syndrome-alerts you to stenosis of the anterior descending coronary arter

Front 24

A__ __ can cause persistent ST elevation in most of teh chest leads.

Back 24

ventricular aneurysm

pericarditis produces a unique type of ST sement elevation that may also elevate the T wave off teh baseline.

Front 25

the _ wave indicates necrosis and makes the diagnosis of infarction.

Back 25

Q

Front 26

the earliest ventricular depolarization is initiated by the ___ fibers at mid-septum.

Back 26

LBB fibers

Front 27

when looking at an ekg for significant q waves which one is omitted?

AvL
AvR
AvF

Back 27

AvR

Front 28

what signifies an anterior infarction in leads V1-V4?

-st elevation
-q waves
-inverted t waves

Back 28

q waves

Front 29

what is an easy way to remember what leads are an anterior MI?

Back 29

the leads of the ekg are the most anterior V1-V4

Front 30

the anterior portion of the left ventricle includes part of the __ __.

-posterior wall
-intraventricular septum
-inferior wll

Back 30

intraventricular septum

Front 31

if the only anterior st segments that are elevated in V3-V4 only what does this represent?

-infero-lateral wall MI
-antero-lateral wall MI
-postero-lateral wall MI

Back 31

antero-lateral MI (V3-V4) are the most lateral of the anterior chest leads.

Front 32

if the q waves appear in V1-V2 what does this represent?

-antero-septal MI
-infero-lateral MI
-postero-lateral MI

Back 32

antero-septal MI

Front 33

if there are q waves seen only in V5-V6, what does this indicate?

Back 33

nothing, they are seen there normally

Front 34

__ infarctions are usually very deadly.

-inferior
-anterior
-posterior
-lateral

Back 34

anterior

Front 35

in what leads will you see st elevation with an inferior wall MI?

-I-AvL
-II, III, AvL
-II, III, AvF

Back 35

II, III, AvF

Front 36

what are the lateral leads?

-II, III, AvF
-I, AvL
-V1-V-4

Back 36

I, AvL

Front 37

the inferor leads are II, III, and AvF; they are recorded by a positive electrode on the left__.

-chest
-foot
-wrist

Back 37

foot

Front 38

if there are Q waves in the __ leads, I and AvL, there is a infarction.

-lateral
-anterior
-inferior

Back 38

lateral

Front 39

st segment depression and tal r-waves in precordial leads V1-V3?

-inferior
-anterior
-posterior
-lateral

Back 39

posterior

Front 40

posterior wall MI usually occurs in cinjunction with __ wall MI.

-inferior
-anterior
-lateral

Back 40

inferior

Front 41

posterior wall MI's may also involve what other kind of MI?

Back 41

right ventricular MI

Front 42

what is the tx for right ventricular MI?

Back 42

fluids but NO ntg

Front 43

if you see st depression in the anterior leads, what must you think of?

Back 43

doing the mirror test and looking for a posterior wall MI

Front 44

what ekg changes will you see with a posterior wall MI?

Back 44

st segment depression and tall R-waves in right precordial leads V1-V3

Front 45

what 2 MI's do you check V1-V2 for?

Back 45

st elevation and q waves=anterior infarct

st depression and large R waves=posterior infarct

Front 46

40-50% of inferior wall MI's may involve a __ infarct.

-lateral
-posterior
-right ventricular

Back 46

right ventricular wall MI

Front 47

how do you dx a nstemi mi?

Back 47

pt. hx
ekg changes
positive biomarkers

Front 48

what are the ekg changes you will see with a nstemi?

Back 48

-loss of r wave progression in precordial leads
-inverted t waves
-st depression or elevation
-combos of all

Front 49

st elevation in leads II, III, and AVF is what type of MI?

Back 49

inferior

Front 50

st elevation in leads I and AvL is what type of MI?

Back 50

lateral

Front 51

a large R in V1 is indicative of what type of MI?

Back 51

posterior