Diagnostic Reading

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Diagnostic Teaching

Back 1

the practice of continuously trying a variety of instructional strategies and materials based on the needs of the student. Addresses a specific area or skill.

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Individualized Instruction

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Student works at own pace on material based on the needs, interests, and ability of the student.

Hint 2

Tutoring

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Learning Center

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An integral part of the instructional program and vital to a good individualized program. An area is usually set aside in the classroom for intstruction in a specific curriculum area.

Hint 3

Reading and Listening Center

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Group Instruction

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A number of students are taught at the same time; helps make instruction more manageable.

Hint 4

Whole class instruction or reading groups

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Peer Tutoring

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A student helps another student gain a needed skill.

Hint 5

same grade

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Sociogram

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A map or chart showing the interrelationships of children in a classroom and identifying those who are "stars' or "isolates"

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Cross-Age Tutoring

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Studnets from upper grades work with children from lower grades.

Hint 7

Different grades

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Word Recognition

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A twofold process that includes both the identificatin of printed symbols by some method so that the word can be pronounced and the association of meaning to the word after it has been properly pronounced.

Hint 8

GWL

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Phonic Analysis

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the breaking down of a word into its components

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Phonic Synthesis

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The building up of the component parts of a word into a whole.

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Whole word or look say

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A word recognition strategy in which a child's attention is directed to a word and then the word is said.

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Structural Analysis

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A technique for breaking a word into its pronunciation units; the breaking down of a word into word parts such as prefixes, suffixes, roots, and combining forms.

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Structural Synthesis

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A technique for building up of word parts into the whole.

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Phonics

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The study of the relationship between letter symbols of a written language and the sounds they represent.

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Explicit Phonics Instruction

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Each sound associated with a letter in the word is pronounced in isolation, and then the sounds are blended together, synthetic phonics.

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Implicit Phonics Instruction

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Does not present sounds associated with letters in isolation. Children listen to words that begin with a particular sound; then they state another word that begins with the same sound, analytic phonics.

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Consonant Clusters(blends)

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A combination of consonant sounds blended together so that the identity of each sound is retained

Hint 17

gl, cl, nd

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Diagraph

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Usually consisting of either two consonants or two vowels which represent one speech sound.

Hint 18

Vowel Diagraph:ai
Consonant Diagraph:th, ch

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Diphthongs

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Blends of vowel sounds begining with the first and gliding to the second. The vowel blends are represented by two adjacent vowels. Syllabication - one vowel sound.

Hint 19

oi,

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Schwa

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The sound often found in the unstressed syllables of words with more thanone syllable. Represented by an upside down e.

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Syllable

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A vowel or group of letters containing one vowel sound.

Hint 21

blo

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Phonograph (graphemic base)

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A succession of graphemes that occurs with the same phinetic value in a number of words. Word family.

Hint 22

light, ake, at, et

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Diacritical Markings

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Marks that show how to pronounce a word.

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Affixes

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Prefixes that are added before the root word and suffixes that are added to the end of a root word.

Hint 24

Prefixes: pre, un
Suffixes: ly, less, ful

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Root

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Smallest unit of a word that can exist and retain its basic meaning.

Hint 25

playful - play

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Derivatives

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Combinations of root words with either prefixes, suffixes, or both

Hint 26

re + play = replay

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Vocabulary Consiousness

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An awareness that words may have different meanings based on their context and a desire to increase one's vocabulary.

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Comprehension
(4 levels)

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Understanding; the ability to get the meaning of something.
Levels: Literal, Interpretive, Critical, Creative

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Directed Reading-Thinking Activity(DRTA)

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Requires teachers to ask questions before, during and after a talk; consists of a number of steps and requires students to active participants.

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Schema

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cognitive arrangements by which the mind is able to categorize incoming stimuli.

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Reciprocal Reading Instruction

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A four step teacher directed reading technique that consists of summarizing, questioning, clarifying, and predicting.

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Repeated Reading

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Similar to paired reading; child reads along until he or she gains confidence to read alone

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Literature Webbing

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A story map technique to help guide children in using predictable trade books.

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Divergent Thinking

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The many different ways to solve problems or look at things.

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Question Answer Relationships
(QAR)

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Helps students distinguish between "what they have in thier heads" and information that is in the text.

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Metacognintion

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Thinking critially about thinking; refers to individual's knowledge about thier thinking process and ability to control them.

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Context Clue

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An item of information from thr surrounding words of a particular word in the form of a synonym, antonym, example, definition, description, explanation, and so on, that helps shed light on the particular word.

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Synonyms

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Words similar in meaning

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Antonyms

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Words opposite in meaning

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Homographs

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Words that are spelled but have different meanings

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Main Idea

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The central thought of a paragraph. Central idea is used when refering to a group of paragraphs, an article or a story.

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Inference

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Understanding that is not derived from a direct statement but from an indirect suggestion in what is stated; understanding that is implied.

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Categorizing

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A thinking skill involving the ability to classify items into general and specific categories.

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Analogies

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Relationships between words and ideas.

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SQ3R

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A widely used study technique that involves five steps: survey, question, read, receite or recall, and review.

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Study Procedures

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1. build good habits.
2. devise asystem that works for you.
3. keep at it.
4. maintain a certain degree of tension.
5. concentrate.

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Concentration

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Sustained attention; it is essential for both studying and listening to lectures.

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Skimming

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Reading rapidly to find or locate information.

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Scanning

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Most rapid reading when searcing for specif information like a date in a selection.

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Semantic Mapping

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A graphic representation used to illustrate concepts such as classes, properties, and examples.