Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Block vertebrae |
congenital non-segmentation -M/C segments: C2/3,C5/6,T12/L1,L4/5 Radiographic findings: -Vertebral body fusion - wasp waist deformity -rudimentary disc -Posterior element fusion Clinical: -Predispostion to early onset degnerative changes above and below the block |
|
|
Butterfly Vertebrae |
Failure of the 2 sclerotomes to fuse together 2 lateral wedge-shaped segments of the vertebral body -central vertical cleft seen on AP -Widened interpediculate distance -endplates of the vetebra above and below may conform to the deformity Clinical: -may of may not lead to kyphoscoliosis |
|
|
Hemivertebra |
Failure of ossification of one lateral vertebral body ossification center Lateral wedge shaped segment - may be fused to an adjacent vertebrae -may be isolated segment -endplates above and below may conform to the hemi - multiple hemivertebra=scrambled spine Clinical: - structural scoliosis |
|
|
Schmorl's node |
defect of the endplate caused by herniation of the nucleus pulposus through the endplate Incidence: 2-76% Clinical: -Acute= symptomatic -Chronic=asymptomatic |
|
|
Nuclear Impression |
Normal curvilinear contour of the verteral endplates -broad/elongated smooth curvature -Cupids bow appearance |
|
|
Limbus bone |
Herniation of discal material through the ring epiphysis -severs the right epiphysis -triangular osseous fragment at the corner of the vertebra -matching defect of the vertebral body Clinical: - posterior limbus bones may cause stenosis of the neural foramen |
|
|
Pedicle Agenesis |
Failure of ossification of one pedicle -contralateral hypertrophy & sclerosis Clinical: -Differentiate from pathlogic destruction of a pedicle -painless - cold on bone scan - contralateral changes |
|
|
Spina Bifida Oculta |
Failure of fusion of the the two lamina Midline defect= vertical lucent cleft of the posterior elements Clinical: - assymptomatic and stable |
|
|
Spina Bifida vera |
AKA: spina bifida manifesta protrusion of the spinal contents -Meningocele: meninges -Myelomeningocele: meninges and cord 60% are genetic in orgin may be diagnosised with aminocentesis or fetal ultrasound may be surgically corrected in utero
|
|
|
Facet Tropism |
Asymmetric facet orientation Best seen on AP CT will show true orientation may result in pedicle sclerosis Clinical: - alter line of drive - chronic LBP |
|
|
Oppenheimer's ossicle |
non-union of the secondary growth center of the aricular process Incidence: -1-7% of lumbar spines -Male prediliction (6:1) - 95% are IAP -M/C at L2/3 Clinical: -insignificant |
|
|
Clasp Knife Deformity |
Spina bifida occulta of S1 & elongation of the L5 spinous process Clinical: -Asymptomatic -Pain on extension |
|
|
Lumbosacral Transition segments |
Transitional segment taking on characteristics of both lumbar and sacral vertebra -4-6 lumbar type vertebra -Spatulation of L5 TPs -Articulation or fusion between L5 TP and Sacrum Clinical: -Asymptomatic forms are more likely to have chronic LBP |
|
|
Type I: |
spaulated TPs ->19mm no articulation or fusion between the L5 Tps and Sacrum No predisposition to disc herniation |
|
|
Type II |
Spaulated TPs with ariculation between the L5 TPs and sacrum MOST CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT, ESPECIALLY TYPE IIa Predispostion to disc hernitation at the same level or level above |
|
|
Type III |
Spaulated TPs with fusion between the L5 TPs and sacrum |
|
|
Type IV |
Type II on one side -spatulation with articulation Type III on te other side - spaulation with fusion No increased incidence of disc herniation |
|
|
Paraglenoid sulcus |
Smooth focal impression on the ilac side of the inferior SI joint Pressure erosion of the superior gluteal artery Incidence: - Almost always females (due to reproductive pressure) -M/C bilateral |
|
|
Os Acetabuli |
Small ossicle lateral to the superior acetabular margin Clinical: - Asymptomatic - No association with labral defects - FAIS (Femoral Acetabular Impingement syndrome) |
