Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
An exercise for diabetic patients to avoid if they have peripheral neuropathy
|
Walking on a treadmill (any repetitive weight-bearing exercise that may cause injury to the feet.)
|
|
|
These drugs reduce insulin resistance and hepatic glucose production and therefore do not cause hypoglycemia
|
Biguanides (Metformin)
|
|
|
_____, _____, and ____ stimulate insulin release and can cause hypoglycemia
|
sulfonylureas, repaglinide, and nateglinide
|
|
|
2nd generation sulfonylurea that should be used with caution in the elderly - why?
|
glyburide - because its metabolites clear more slowly than others'
|
|
|
oral antidiabetic often used in older adults because of their relative safety
|
2nd generation sulfonylureas
|
|
|
Regular insulin onset, peak, and duration
|
onset < 1hr, peak 2-3 hrs, duration 3-6 hrs
|
|
|
NPH is precipitated with ?
|
protamine
|
|
|
NPH is available in what dosages of premixed NPH/Regular
|
70/30 and 50/50
|
|
|
NPH onset, peak, and duration
|
onset 2-4 hrs, peak 4-12 hrs, and duration 10-16 hours
|
|
|
Type of insulin that must not be diluted or mixed with another insulin or solution and is not for IV use
|
Glargine and Lantus (Aventis)
|
|
|
When should you give rapid acting insulin?
|
0-15 minutes before meals
|
|
|
Names of the rapid acting insulins
|
Lispro, Velosulin, Humalog
|
|
|
Rapid acting onset, peak, and duration
|
onset <= 15 min, peak 30-90 min, and duration is 3-4 hrs
|
|
|
How long after rapid acting insulin has been given would you expect hypoglycemia?
|
1-3 hours after injection
|
|
|
The only insulin that can be given as an IV drip and through an IV undiluted - soluble and rapidly absorbed
|
regular insulin
|
|
|
Intermediate acting insulin
|
NPH
|
|
|
Oral anti-diabetic that decreases insulin resistance but has been associated with elevated liver enzymes
|
Thiazolidinediones - liver function monitoring is important
|
|
|
24 hour, long acting insulin that is given once a day at bedtime
|
Lantus (Aventis)
|
|
|
U100 means there are ___ units of _____ in _____ milliliters of ______.
|
100 units of insulin in 1 milliliter of fluid
|
|
|
Destruction of beta cells in the pancreas; little or no endogenous insulin
|
Type I
|
|
|
Characterized by Polyuria, glucosuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, and fatigue
|
Type I
|
|
|
Etiology includes obesity, with diagnosis usually at age > than 30; heredity usually put person at high risk
|
Type II
|
|
|
Compensatory mechanism to get rid of CO2 (acid) in DKA
|
Kussmaul's respirations
|
|
|
Major manifestaton of DKA
|
Dehydration (hyperglycemia >300mg)
|
|
|
Pathophysiological factors include genetic predisposition, viral or toxic chemical agents, and autoimmune attack
|
Type I
|
|
|
How long can regular insulin be stored unrefrigerated?
|
Up to 30 days
|
|
|
How long can mixed insulin be stored unrefrigerated?
|
14 days or <
|
|
|
Important storage fact to remember for insulin
|
Keep out of sunlight
|
|
|
How/when should Metformin (Glucophage) be given?
|
Give with meals - do not give if there is a decrease in kidney function
|
|
|
Most common cause of sudden death in diabetes
|
cardiac problems
|
