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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lispro
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Rapid acting insulin
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Aspart
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Rapid acting insulin
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Glulisine
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Rapid acting insulin
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Regular insulin
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short acting insulin
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NPH insulin
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intermediate acting insulin
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Glargine
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long acting insulin
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Determir
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Long acting insulin
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Biguanides (Metformin)
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suppresses glucose production by the liver
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MOA of insulin in Liver
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increase glucose stored as glycogen
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MOA of insulin in muscle
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increase glycogen and protein synthesis, increase potassium uptake
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MOA of insulin in fat
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increase triglyceride storage
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Tolbutamide
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first generation sufonylurea
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Chlorpropamide
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first generation sufonylurea
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Side effects of first generation sulfonylureas
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disulfram-like reaction
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Glyburide
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second generation sulfonylurea
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Glimepiride
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second generation sulfonylurea
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Glipezide
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Second generation sulfonylurea
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Side effects of second generation sulfonylureas
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hypoglycemia
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MOA sulfonylureas
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Close potassium channel in beta-cell membrane so that cell depolarizes --> calcium influx -->endogenous insulin release
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Use of sulfonylureas
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T2 DM only
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Pioglitazone
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Glitazone/thiazolidinedione
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Rosiglitazone
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Glitazone/thiazolidinedione
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MOA of Glitazones
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Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue. Binds to PPAR-γ nuclear transcription regulator to increase levels of adiponectin.
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Acarbose
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α-glucosidase inhibitor
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Miglitol
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α-glucosidase inhibitors
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Pramlintide
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Amylin analog. Decreases gastric emptying, decreases glucagon.
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Glitazone side effects
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Weight gain
edema hepatotoxic heart failure |
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Serious side effect of Metformin
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Lactic acidosis
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α-glucosidase inhibitors side effects
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GI
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α-glucosidase inhibitors MOA
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Inhibit intestinal brush boarder α-glucosidases (surface membrane bound enzymes) to delay sugar hydrolysis and glucose absorption. Decreases post-prandial hyperglycemia.
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α-glucosidase use
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T2DM
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Contraindication of metformin
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renal failure
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Exenatide
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GLP-1 analog
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Liraglutide
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GLP-1 analog
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MOA GLP-1 analogs
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increase insulin, decrease glucagon release
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Linagliptin
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DDP-4 inhibitor
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saxagliptin
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DDP-4 inhibitor
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sitagliptin
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DDP-4 inhibitor
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MOA of DDP-4 inhibitor
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increase insulin, decrease glucagon release
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Unusual side effects of GLP-1 analogs
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Pancreatitis
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Unusual side effect of DDP-4 inhibitor
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urinary or respiratory infections
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Major side effect of Pramlintide
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hypoglycemia
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DM drugs causing hypoglycemia
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insulin, 2nd gen sulfonylureas, pramlintide
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