Diabetes Medications

Front 1

Rapid Acting Insulin

Back 1

Humalog, Novalog, Apidra, Lispro
Onset 15 min 0-15 before meal

Front 2

Short Acting Insulin

Back 2

Regular
onset 30-60 min 30-45 before meal

Front 3

Long Acting Insulin

Back 3

Lantus, Levemir
steady & continuous no peak

Front 4

Intermediate Acting Insulin

Back 4

NPH
peak 4-10 hours

Front 5

What is the Somogyi Effect?

Back 5

Rebound effect where an overdose of insulin induces hypoglycemia (usually during sleep) - tx less insulin

Front 6

What is the Dawn Phenomenon?

Back 6

hyperglycemia that is present upon waking in the morning due to the release of counterregulatory hormones in the predawn hour- tx adjustment in the timing of insulin admin. or increase in insulin

Front 7

Name some Sulfonylureas & their primary action.

Back 7

Glucotrol, Micronase, Diabeta, Glynase, Amaryl, Diabinese
increase insulin production from pancreas- may cause hypoglycemia

Front 8

Name some Meglitinides & primary action.

Back 8

Prandin, Starlix- increase insulin production from pancreas, less likely to cause hypoglycemia- 0-30 min before meal

Front 9

Name some Biguanides & primary action.

Back 9

Glucophage (Metformin), Glucovance, Avandamet, Metaglip, Janumet- decrease glucose prod. by liver, also used in prev. of diabetes

Front 10

Name some A-Glucosidase Inhibitors & primary action

Back 10

Precose, Glyset- "starch blockers" slow down absorption of carbs in small intestine- take with 1st bite of each meal

Front 11

Name some Thiazolidinediones & primary action.

Back 11

Actos, Avandia- insulin sensitizers, improves insulin sensitivity, transport, & utilization @ target tissues

Front 12

Name some DPP-4 Inhibitors & primary action.

Back 12

Januvia, Onglyza, Galvus, inhibit DPP-4 slowing the inactiviation of incretin hormones, glucose dependent absence of weigh gain, cause stomach to empty slowly, metabolize drugs slowly

Front 13

Name some Incretin Mimetics & primary action.

Back 13

Byetta, Victoza- simulates one of the incretin hormones, stimulates insulin from pancreas, before bf or dinner to avoid hypoglycemia

Front 14

Names an Amylin Analog and primary action.

Back 14

Symlin- slows food emptying from the stomach and curbs appetite, administered subq can cause sever hypoglycemia

Front 15

What to beta blockers do?

Back 15

mask symptoms of hypoglycemia, prolongs effects of insulin