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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
DM2 assoc with metabolic Syndrome. It's Characteristics Are: |
Waist >40 men >35 women Triglycerides> 150 FB G >100 HDL > 40 men or < 50 women |
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DM1 and 2 lab diagnostic for dx |
Random glucose >200 Fasting> 126×2 HgbA1c > 7% |
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DM1 vS 2 Lab |
Ketones absent in DM2 |
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Dietary teaching |
Carbs 55-60% Fat 20-30% fiber 25g per 1000 cal Protein 10-20% |
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Insulin rule of thumb |
0.5u /kg/day with 2/3 in AM and 1/3 in eve |
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Insulin split dose rx |
AM= 2/3 NPH and 1/3 reg PM= 1/2 NPH and 1/2 reg |
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Sulfonylureas MOA and names |
Stimulate insulin release from the pancreas Glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride |
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Biguanides |
Decr. glucose production and intestine absorption of glucose Improves insulin sensitivity Metformin |
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Metformin big side effect |
Lactic Acidosis |
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Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor |
Decreases glucose absorption Acarbose, Miglitol
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Glitizones MOA & name |
Decr. gluconeogenesis Avandia, Actos |
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Non-sulfonylurea release stimulator MOA & name |
Mimics rapid insulin Starlix & Prandin |
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Somogyi effect |
Noc hypoglycaemia stimulates hormones to raise sugar. will have elevated AM sugar but low 0300 sugar Tx: Lower or cancel bedtime insulin |
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Dawn Phenomenon |
BS rise throughout the Noc Have elevated sugars and 0700 and throughout. Tx: Add or incr. bedtime dose |
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DKA vs HHNK Glucose |
DKA <500 but >250 HHNK >600 |
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DKA vs HHNK osmolality |
Elevated in both |
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DKA vs HHNK BUN and Cr |
Elevated in both |
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DKA vs HHNK anion gap |
Normal in HHNK |
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DKA vs HHNK pH |
Metabolic acidosis in DKA |
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DKA vs HHNK electrolytes |
DKA= hyperkalaemia, low bicarb, |
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Insulin for DKA |
0.1 u/kg reg Iv bolus and then 0.1 u/kg/ hr |
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DKA fluids |
NS x| liter then 500/hr then 1/2 NS. Once glucose is < 250 change to D5 1/2 NS |
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HHNK IVF |
NS in large quantities, then 1/2 NS then D5 1/2 NS |