Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Insulin Lispro (HUMALOG)
|
rapid acting insulin
|
|
|
Insulin Aspart (NOVOLOG)
|
rapid acting insulin
(Pro prevents aggregation) |
|
|
Insulin Glulisine (APIDRA)
|
rapid acting insulin
(increase solubility & decrease aggregation) |
|
|
Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) (Isophane)
|
Intermediate acting insulin.
|
|
|
Insulin Glargine (LANTUS)
|
Long acting Insulin
Sustained peak less profile Can't be mixed short/rapid acting insulin |
|
|
Insulin Detemir
|
Long acting Insulin
binds to albumin Can't be mixed with other insulins |
|
|
Sulfunylureas
|
Increase insulin release
indications: DM2 postprandial glucose reduction, PNDM tx Ex. Tolbutamide, glipizide, glyburide, glimeperide Mech: Bind K+ channel, close it and this leads to depolarization and release of insulin Can cause severe hypoglycemia NOT indicated for DM1 |
|
|
Repaglinide
|
Increase insulin release
(family Meglitinide) Mech: Bind K+ channel, close it and this leads to depolarization Less hypoglycemia problems than SUs and shorter acting |
|
|
Nateglinide
|
Increase insulin release
(family Meglitinide) |
|
|
TZDs (Thiazolidinediones)
|
Increase insulin sensitivity
Ex. Rogiglitazone & Pioglitazone Mech: PRR-gamma agonist, activates insulin genes and only effective when insulin around Blackbox CHF Can lead to hepatotoxity, contraindicated if liver problems |
|
|
Pramlintide (SYMLIN)
|
Amylin
Suppress glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying & suppress appetite Decreases HA1c levels without weight gain SE: Can cause hypoglycemia in T1DM |
|
|
Biguinides
|
Metformin
Increase insulin sensitivity Mech: reduces glucneogenesis in liver and increases insulin action in muscles/fat Doesn't induce hypoglycemia |
|
|
Sitagliptin (JANUVIA)
|
DPP-IV inhibitors
Increase endogenous GIP-1 levels |
|
|
Saxagliptin (ONGLYZA)
|
DPP-IV inhibitors
Increase endogenous GIP-1 levels |
|
|
Exenantide
|
GLP-1 agonists from gila monster resistant to DPP-IV
Increase Insulin secretion, Decrease Glucagon, slows gastric emptying |
|
|
Acarbose
|
alpha glucosidase inhibitors
Inhibits digestion of polysaccharides |
|
|
Miglitol
|
alpha glucosidase inhibitors
Inhibits digestion/absorption of polysaccharides |
|
|
diazoxide
Proglycem |
= treatment for Hyperinsulinism of Infancy (HI)
-opens ATP-sensitive K+ channel by activating Kir6.2 -> hyperpolarizes -> decreased insulin secretion side effects: Na+ retention, edema |
|
|
diazoxide
|
Used to treat HI (Hyperinsulinism of Infancy)
Mech: Opens K+ channels (activates kir6.2), which hyperpolarizes the cell and less insulin released |
|
|
Treatment for PNDM (Permanent Neonatal DM)
|
SUs (glyburide, Glipizide, Glimepiride)
|
